Code:
/* Will solve via brute force, the 8 tile 2D "rubik's cube" puzzle, when finished
Adak, Nov. 2008
Status: just started 7/11/08
*/
#include <stdio.h>
void copyB(int);
int move1(int);
int move2(int);
int move3(int);
void showB(int);
int isSolved(int);
int b[2][4][20]; //b is shorthand for the board
int t[1][4]; //t is a temporary holding row
int line[20]; //the line of moves that are played
int main(void) {
int i, r, row, c, col, move, deep, depth, solved, reset, gar;
// test right shift
/* b[0][0][0] = 2; b[0][1][0] = 3; b[0][2][0] = 4; b[0][3][0] = 1;
b[1][0][0] = 7; b[1][1][0] = 6; b[1][2][0] = 5; b[1][3][0] = 8;
*/
// test row swap
/* b[0][0][0] = 8; b[0][1][0] = 7; b[0][2][0] = 6; b[0][3][0] = 5;
b[1][0][0] = 1; b[1][1][0] = 2; b[1][2][0] = 3; b[1][3][0] = 4;
*/
// test Rotate 4 inner tiles
/* b[0][0][0] = 1; b[0][1][0] = 3; b[0][2][0] = 6; b[0][3][0] = 4;
b[1][0][0] = 8; b[1][1][0] = 2; b[1][2][0] = 7; b[1][3][0] = 5;
*/
// test depth of 2, solution 1 + 2
/* b[0][0][0] = 7; b[0][1][0] = 6; b[0][2][0] = 5; b[0][3][0] = 8;
b[1][0][0] = 2; b[1][1][0] = 3; b[1][2][0] = 4; b[1][3][0] = 1;
*/
//test depth of 2, solution 2 + 3 no depth=2 solution found for 1+3
b[0][0][0] = 8; b[0][1][0] = 2; b[0][2][0] = 7; b[0][3][0] = 5;
b[1][0][0] = 1; b[1][1][0] = 3; b[1][2][0] = 6; b[1][3][0] = 4;
//test depth of , solution
/* b[0][0][0] = ; b[0][1][0] = 2; b[0][2][0] = 1; b[0][3][0] = 4;
b[1][0][0] = 8; b[1][1][0] = 7; b[1][2][0] = 6; b[1][3][0] = 5;
*/
printf("\n Starting position:\n");
showB(0);
//getch();
depth = deep = solved = reset = 0;
do {
move = 1; depth = 2;
while(1) { // this is the main loop, for now
++deep;
if(move == 1)
solved = move1(deep);
else if(move == 2)
solved = move2(deep);
else
solved = move3(deep);
if(solved)
break;
if(reset) { //depth was reset, move needs to reset to 1 again
move = 1;
reset = 0;
continue;
}
if(deep >= depth) {
line[deep-1] = 0;
deep = depth - 1;
if(++move > 3) {
deep -= 1;
move = line[deep] + 1;
if(move > 1)
reset = 1;
}
}
}
}while(!solved);
printf("\n\n\t Press Enter to Quit\n ");
gar = getchar(); gar++;
return 0;
}
void copyB(int d) { //copy the old board position, into the new depth
int r, c, temp;
for(r = 0; r < 2; r++)
for(c = 0; c < 4; c++)
b[r][c][d] = b[r][c][d-1];
}
int move1(int d) { //shifts all numbers one column to the right & wraps
int r, c, solved, temp;
solved = 0;
printf("\n Right shift:");
copyB(d);
//showB(d);
//++d;
for(r = 0; r < 2; r++) {
temp = b[r][3][d];
for(c = 2; c >-1 ; c--)
b[r][c+1][d] = b[r][c][d];
b[r][0][d] = temp;
}
showB(d);
line[d-1] = 1;
solved = isSolved(d);
return solved;
}
int move2(int d) { //swaps rows
int r, c, solved;
solved = 0;
printf("\n Swap rows:");
copyB(d);
//showB(d);
for(c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
t[0][c] = b[0][c][d];
b[0][c][d] = b[1][c][d];
b[1][c][d] = t[0][c];
}
showB(d);
line[d-1] = 2;
solved = isSolved(d);
return solved;
}
int move3(int d) { //turns the 4 inner tiles, clockwise
int r, c, solved, temp;
solved = 0;
printf("\n Rotate 4 inner tiles:");
copyB(d);
//showB(d);
temp = b[0][1][d];
b[0][1][d] = b[1][1][d];
b[1][1][d] = b[1][2][d];
b[1][2][d] = b[0][2][d];
b[0][2][d] = temp;
showB(d);
line[d-1] = 3;
solved = isSolved(d);
return solved;
}
void showB(int d) {
int r, c, tab;
printf("\n");
for(tab = 0; tab < d; tab++)
putchar('\t');
for(r = 0; r < 2; r++) {
for(c = 0; c < 4; c++)
printf(" %d", b[r][c][d]);
putchar('\n');
for(tab = 0; tab < d; tab++)
putchar('\t');
}
}
int isSolved(int d) {
int i, gar;
int done = 0;
if(b[0][0][d]==1 && b[0][1][d]==2 && b[0][2][d]==3 && b[0][3][d]==4)
if(b[1][0][d]==8 && b[1][1][d]==7 && b[1][2][d]==6 && b[1][3][d]==5) {
done = 1;
printf("\n\n\t\t It's solved!");
showB(d);
printf("\t Line: ");
for(i = 0; i < d; i++)
printf(" %d", line[i]);
//printf("\n\t Press Enter to Continue");
//gar = getchar(); ++gar;
}
return done;
}
This shows a very basic graphic of the various depths and the moves being made, to a
depth of 2 ply. The leftmost board being the starting board, and is at depth 0. The next board column to the right is depth 1. Going right one more board width, the boards for depth = 2 are shown (if the search went that far), etc.
So it's the search tree, with the root on the far left, and the leaves to the right side.
Starting
board:
nnnn
nnnn
Description of move 1 at depth 1:
nnnn
nnnn
Description of move 1 at depth 2:
nnnn
nnnn
Description of move 2 at depth 2:
nnnn
nnnn
Description of move 3 at depth 2:
nnnn
nnnn
Description of move 2 at depth 1:
nnnn
nnnn
etc.
I'm a hobby programmer, so you may very well find something you like better. I'd suggest this as a good starting off point or food for thought, rather than a hard and fast "this is the way it should be done" kind of thing.
There are several ways to search through a tree, this is just one that felt right (DFS), in this instance, to me.
The above program handles 2 ply searches, but not 3 or more. The part after
needs to be adjusted to handle multiple "back ups" in ply. After moves of 1, 3, 3, you need to back up 2 ply, for instance, not just one. That makes your next move 2.
The program prints the board array now, but even more helpful is getting it to print the line of moves as it goes through it's search.
If you change the lines array to print < deep right after the if(solved) break, line of code, then you can get a better reference for debugging the DFS.
The moves should be:
1
11
111
112
113
12
121
122
123
13
131
132
133
2
21
211
212
213
22
221
222
223
23
231
232
233
Which will solve this position:
b[0][0][0] = 8; b[0][1][0] = 3; b[0][2][0] = 2; b[0][3][0] = 5;
b[1][0][0] = 1; b[1][1][0] = 6; b[1][2][0] = 7; b[1][3][0] = 4;
Since this is a student's project, I'm going to refrain from posting any more code on this.
Original starting position of:
2684
1375
the first solution found for it was: 3 3 1 3 1 1 1