Thread: Dynamic Bitmap Display

  1. 07-03-2005 #1
    Jaken Veina
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    Dynamic Bitmap Display

    Code:
    BITMAP CustomBMP;
HBITMAP hCustomBMP;
BITMAPINFO CustomBMPInfo;
BYTE BitmapData[16];
RGBQUAD* Palette;
    Code:
        case WM_CREATE:
     {
      Palette = malloc(16);
      Palette[0].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[0].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[0].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[1].rgbRed    = 255;
      Palette[1].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[1].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[2].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[2].rgbGreen  = 255;
      Palette[2].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[3].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[3].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[3].rgbBlue   = 255;
      Palette[4].rgbRed    = 255;
      Palette[4].rgbGreen  = 255;
      Palette[4].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[5].rgbRed    = 255;
      Palette[5].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[5].rgbBlue   = 255;
      Palette[6].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[6].rgbGreen  = 255;
      Palette[6].rgbBlue   = 255;
      Palette[7].rgbRed    = 128;
      Palette[7].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[7].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[8].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[8].rgbGreen  = 128;
      Palette[8].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[9].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[9].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[9].rgbBlue   = 128;
      Palette[10].rgbRed   = 128;
      Palette[10].rgbGreen = 128;
      Palette[10].rgbBlue  = 0;
      Palette[11].rgbRed   = 128;
      Palette[11].rgbGreen = 0;
      Palette[11].rgbBlue  = 128;
      Palette[12].rgbRed   = 0;
      Palette[12].rgbGreen = 128;
      Palette[12].rgbBlue  = 128;
      Palette[13].rgbRed   = 128;
      Palette[13].rgbGreen = 128;
      Palette[13].rgbBlue  = 128;
      Palette[14].rgbRed   = 255;
      Palette[14].rgbGreen = 255;
      Palette[14].rgbBlue  = 255;
      Palette[15].rgbRed   = 0;
      Palette[15].rgbGreen = 0; 
      Palette[15].rgbBlue  = 0;

      BitmapData[0] =  0x01;
      BitmapData[1] =  0x23;
      BitmapData[2] =  0x45;
      BitmapData[3] =  0x67;
      BitmapData[4] =  0x89;
      BitmapData[5] =  0xAB;
      BitmapData[6] =  0xCD;
      BitmapData[7] =  0xEF;
      BitmapData[8] =  0x01;
      BitmapData[9] =  0x23;
      BitmapData[10] = 0x45;
      BitmapData[11] = 0x67;
      BitmapData[12] = 0x89;
      BitmapData[13] = 0xAB;
      BitmapData[14] = 0xCD;
      BitmapData[15] = 0xEF;

      CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biSize = 40; 
      CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biWidth = 16; 
      CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biHeight = 2; 
      CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1; 
      CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 4; 
      CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biCompression = 0; 
      CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biSizeImage = 0; 
      CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biXPelsPerMeter = 0; 
      CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biYPelsPerMeter = 0; 
      CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biClrUsed = 16; 
      CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biClrImportant = 0;
      CustomBMPInfo.bmiColors = Palette;
     }
    break;
    case WM_PAINT:
     {
      PAINTSTRUCT ps;

      HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);

      hCustomBMP = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,
                                          CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biWidth,
                                          CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biHeight);
      GetObject(hCustomBMP, sizeof(CustomBMP), &CustomBMP);
      SetDIBits(hdc, hCustomBMP, 0, CustomBMP.bmHeight, BitmapData, &CustomBMPInfo, DIB_RGB_COLORS);

      HDC hdcMem = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
      HBITMAP hbmOld = SelectObject(hdcMem, hCustomBMP);

      BitBlt(hdc, 0, 0, CustomBMP.bmWidth, CustomBMP.bmHeight, hdcMem, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);

      SelectObject(hdcMem, hbmOld);
      DeleteDC(hdcMem);
      DeleteObject(hCustomBMP);

      EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
     }
    break;
    case WM_CLOSE:
     {
      free(Palette);
      DestroyWindow(hwnd);
     }
    break;
    I'm having problems trying to understand the SetDIBits, with a paletted bitmap, rather than a raw bitmap. I attached an image of the output, zoomed in by 800%, as well as an image of the output I was aiming for. Any ideas what I'm doing wrong?
    Code:
    void function(void)
 {
  function();
 }
  2. 07-03-2005 #2
    MrWizard
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    Code:
    Palette = malloc(sizeof(RGBQUAD) * 16);
    "...the results are undefined, and we all know what "undefined" means: it means it works during development, it works during testing, and it blows up in your most important customers' faces." --Scott Meyers
  3. 07-03-2005 #3
    Jaken Veina
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    Ahh. Thank you. That doesn't seem to be my problem, though. The output is the same.
    Code:
    void function(void)
 {
  function();
 }
  4. 07-03-2005 #4
    novacain
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    Your params are wrong.

    ie CustomBMPInfo.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);

    Have a look here...
    http://cboard.cprogramming.com/showt...ght=bmp+header
    "Man alone suffers so excruciatingly in the world that he was compelled to invent laughter."
    Friedrich Nietzsche

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  5. 07-03-2005 #5
    anonytmouse
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    Code:
          CustomBMPInfo.bmiColors = Palette;
    This should not compile. The BITMAPINFO structure has the following definition:
    Code:
    typedef struct tagBITMAPINFO { 
  BITMAPINFOHEADER bmiHeader; 
  RGBQUAD          bmiColors[1]; 
} BITMAPINFO, *PBITMAPINFO;
    The bmiColors member is an array, and therefore can not be assigned to. BITMAPINFO consists of an BITMAPINFOHEADER followed by a variable sized array of palette entries. It is not a BITMAPINFOHEADER followed by a pointer to an array of palette entries, which your code attempts to create. Because the array may be of various sizes, it is defined with the placeholder size of 1, and the programmer is expected to allocate appropriate memory. This pattern is not uncommon in the Windows API.

    I have modified your code to demonstrate:
    Code:
    #include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma comment(lib, "gdi32.lib")
#endif

int main(void)
{

      BITMAP      CustomBMP;
      HBITMAP     hCustomBMP;
      BYTE        BitmapData[16];
      BITMAPINFO* CustomBMPInfo;
      RGBQUAD*    Palette;

      /* Allocate space for a BITMAPINFO structure followed by an array of RGBQUADs */
      CustomBMPInfo = (BITMAPINFO*) malloc(sizeof(BITMAPINFO) + (sizeof(RGBQUAD) * 16));
      /* TODO: check malloc. */

      /* Convenience variable. We could use CustomBMPInfo->bmiColors directly. */
      Palette = CustomBMPInfo->bmiColors;

      Palette[0].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[0].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[0].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[1].rgbRed    = 255;
      Palette[1].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[1].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[2].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[2].rgbGreen  = 255;
      Palette[2].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[3].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[3].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[3].rgbBlue   = 255;
      Palette[4].rgbRed    = 255;
      Palette[4].rgbGreen  = 255;
      Palette[4].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[5].rgbRed    = 255;
      Palette[5].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[5].rgbBlue   = 255;
      Palette[6].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[6].rgbGreen  = 255;
      Palette[6].rgbBlue   = 255;
      Palette[7].rgbRed    = 128;
      Palette[7].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[7].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[8].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[8].rgbGreen  = 128;
      Palette[8].rgbBlue   = 0;
      Palette[9].rgbRed    = 0;
      Palette[9].rgbGreen  = 0;
      Palette[9].rgbBlue   = 128;
      Palette[10].rgbRed   = 128;
      Palette[10].rgbGreen = 128;
      Palette[10].rgbBlue  = 0;
      Palette[11].rgbRed   = 128;
      Palette[11].rgbGreen = 0;
      Palette[11].rgbBlue  = 128;
      Palette[12].rgbRed   = 0;
      Palette[12].rgbGreen = 128;
      Palette[12].rgbBlue  = 128;
      Palette[13].rgbRed   = 128;
      Palette[13].rgbGreen = 128;
      Palette[13].rgbBlue  = 128;
      Palette[14].rgbRed   = 255;
      Palette[14].rgbGreen = 255;
      Palette[14].rgbBlue  = 255;
      Palette[15].rgbRed   = 0;
      Palette[15].rgbGreen = 0; 
      Palette[15].rgbBlue  = 0;

      BitmapData[0] =  0x01;
      BitmapData[1] =  0x23;
      BitmapData[2] =  0x45;
      BitmapData[3] =  0x67;
      BitmapData[4] =  0x89;
      BitmapData[5] =  0xAB;
      BitmapData[6] =  0xCD;
      BitmapData[7] =  0xEF;
      BitmapData[8] =  0x01;
      BitmapData[9] =  0x23;
      BitmapData[10] = 0x45;
      BitmapData[11] = 0x67;
      BitmapData[12] = 0x89;
      BitmapData[13] = 0xAB;
      BitmapData[14] = 0xCD;
      BitmapData[15] = 0xEF;

      CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER); 
      CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biWidth = 16; 
      CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biHeight = 2; 
      CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1; 
      CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biBitCount = 4; 
      CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB; 
      CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biSizeImage = 0; 
      CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biXPelsPerMeter = 0; 
      CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biYPelsPerMeter = 0; 
      CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biClrUsed = 16; 
      CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biClrImportant = 0;

      HDC hdc = GetDC(NULL);

      hCustomBMP = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,
                                          CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biWidth,
                                          CustomBMPInfo->bmiHeader.biHeight);
      GetObject(hCustomBMP, sizeof(CustomBMP), &CustomBMP);
      SetDIBits(hdc, hCustomBMP, 0, CustomBMP.bmHeight, BitmapData, CustomBMPInfo, DIB_RGB_COLORS);

      HDC hdcMem = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
      HBITMAP hbmOld = (HBITMAP) SelectObject(hdcMem, hCustomBMP);

      BitBlt(hdc, 0, 0, CustomBMP.bmWidth, CustomBMP.bmHeight, hdcMem, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);

      SelectObject(hdcMem, hbmOld);
      DeleteDC(hdcMem);
      DeleteObject(hCustomBMP);

      ReleaseDC(NULL, hdc);

      getchar();
      return 0;
}
    Last edited by anonytmouse; 07-03-2005 at 10:18 PM.
  6. 07-04-2005 #6
    Jaken Veina
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    I've never seen anyone use that technique for allocation. Although, it does make sense. Thanks a lot. I wish MSDN would be a little clearer on how to use that structure.
    Code:
    void function(void)
 {
  function();
 }
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