Input a password and replace with *s

Hi. I was wondering if there was a way to replace characters input by fgets() with * since a password is being input. I can't think of any way to do it while inputting the password. I don't think fgets() can do it but again I can't think of any other function that can.
getchar() would not work for me, since I don't know how many characters will be input (even though there is a maximum ofcourse).

I know I can print '\r' after I input it and output something like "Password succesfully input" but I hoped there would be a way to do it while inputting the password.

Thank you.

I guess you could use getchar() in a while loop. Something like:

Code:

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while((string[i]=getchar()) != '\n')
{
    i++;
    putchar('*');
}

---

I havent tried it so i'm not sure how well, or if, it will work.

Except that you have to push enter after entering a character :(

Use a library like curses or pd curses (for Windows/Unix)

This is non-trivial to do in standard C, since the way you "turn off echo" [echo here means "show what's being typed"] is system dependant.

There are two choices:
- a cross-system library (such as ncurses)
This is good because you don't have to dig into the system specific details. Drawback is that if you are doing a really simple application, it may be a bit of "sledghammer to crack nut" approach.

- Implement one or more system specific functions to do this.
This means understanding (or finding someone else who understands) the system architecture and fidning the right way to turn off the echo to console.

If you actualy want stars to appear as you type, you'll also have to "disable cooking" - cooking is where the user enters a whole line of text at once, and the application doesn't see the backspace/delete presses that the user may have done to correct the input. This is another, closely related function to the "disable echo" [actually, it's usually just another flag to say "Disable cooking" along with the "Disable Echo" flag].

You can't use fgets() if you want stars to appear as they are typed tho', as fgets still waits for the whole line to be complete. You'll have to use getchar() or some such.

I have written code for this on Unix/Linux, OS/2 and Windows at different times.

If you tell us what system you need this for, then I'm sure someone here can tell you how to do it.

--
Mats

If you're using VC++, it's extremely easy - just use getch() and print out a '*'.

http://board.theprogrammingsite.com/viewtopic.php?t=113

Quote:

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Except that you have to push enter after entering a character

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Oh yeah I forgot about that :/

Quote:

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http://board.theprogrammingsite.com/viewtopic.php?t=113

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I tried the function using DevC++ but It dosent seem as if it will work because of the getch(). And it dosent seem as if getch() is featured in DevC++ either, or at least so it says here .

The only way I know how to do keyboard event polling in C/C++ is using SDL, but that would be entirely inappropriate for this. So yeah maybe something like ncurses would be best here.

You can use getche() in Dev-C++. You just have to erase the characters that are echoed. I suggest

Code:

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printf("\b*");

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In Dev-C++, getch() is defined as (at least on my version)

Code:

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#define getch() getchar()

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so it doesn't do what you're looking for.

ncurses might still be a good idea, though, especially if you're doing other screen manipulation.

Oh ok, but wouldent it be the same as getchar then?

>Oh ok, but wouldent it be the same as getchar then?
Yep, and that's why getch is implementation-dependent. ;)

I am programming for Windows. Even though I would like it to be portable, I still don't mind to have it system specific.

Thanks for the replys :)

Code:

---

#include <windows.h>
...
DWORD origKBMode = 0;
...
void SetKbdModeRaw(void)
{
        DWORD mode;
        GetConsoleMode(GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE), &mode);
        if (origKBMode == 0)
                origKBMode = mode;
        mode &= ~(ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT | ENABLE_LINE_INPUT);
        SetConsoleMode(GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE), mode);
}

void RestoreKbdMode(void)
{
        SetConsoleMode(GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE), origKBMode);
}

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In your code, call SetKbdModeRaw() and when you have got the password, call RestoreKbdMode().

However, it seems that the standard C functions don't quite work right with this - so you may still be better off using getch(). I think the problem has to do with line endings.

--
Mats

Something I made awhile ago:

Code:

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char *getPass(char *szBuffer, size_t len)
{
        size_t i;
        HANDLE hIn = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
        HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
        DWORD dwOld, dwNumRead, dwNumWritten;
        if((hIn != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) && (hOut != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE))
        {
                if(GetConsoleMode(hIn,&dwOld))
                {
                        if(SetConsoleMode(hIn,ENABLE_PROCESSED_INPUT))
                        {
                                for(i=0;i<len-1;i++)
                                {
                                        if(ReadConsole(hIn,&szBuffer[i],1,&dwNumRead,NULL))
                                        {
                                                if(szBuffer[i] == '\r')
                                                {
                                                        break;
                                                }
                                                else WriteConsole(hOut,"*",1,&dwNumWritten,NULL);
                                        }
                                        else break;
                                }
                                WriteConsole(hOut,"\n",1,&dwNumWritten,NULL);
                                szBuffer[i] = '\0';
                                SetConsoleMode(hIn,dwOld);
                                return szBuffer;
                        }
                }
        }
        return NULL;
}

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Use it like fgets(). As was mentioned, the C buffers might not be perfectly setup with the buffers used here (since the C setup wraps the Windows API buffers). Beware.

OK thanks I'll try to try them today. But I don't really understand what you mean by

Quote:

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the C buffers might not be perfectly setup with the buffers used here (since the C setup wraps the Windows API buffers).

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Do you mean that other functions might not work well with the password array after using these functions? or will all buffers mess up?

Quote:

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Originally Posted by dwks

You can use getche() in Dev-C++. You just have to erase the characters that are echoed. I suggest

Code:

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printf("\b*");

---

In Dev-C++, getch() is defined as (at least on my version)

Code:

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#define getch() getchar()

---

so it doesn't do what you're looking for.

ncurses might still be a good idea, though, especially if you're doing other screen manipulation.

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getch() is a macro for getchar() in the Dev-C++ 4.0 version, but it works as expected in 5.0 (or 4.9 as it may be, cause it's still technically beta).