Dividing Character string

I'm currently working on a simple encryption program. The basic principles work and I've already implemented one method of encryption, and I want to add another.

The only problem is, for this, I need to know how to convert a string (inserted by the user of the program) into individual characters, which need to be converted to their respective ASCII characters.

I have no clue how to go about it... I've been thinking about maybe an array for the results, but I have no idea how arrays work yet, and on top of that, I don't know how to get a specific character in a character string.

So my question: How can I substract individual characters from a string, and put these into 'a' variable, for later use?

Quote:

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individual characters, which need to be converted to their respective ASCII characters.

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If you assign a char type to an int variable, the char's ascii code will be stored in the int variable.

Code:

---

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;


int main ()
{
        string str = "abcABC";
        vector<int> v;
        for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); ++i)
        {

                v.push_back(str[i]);
               
        }

        for(int j=0; j < v.size(); ++j)
        {
                cout<<v[j]<<" ";
        }
        cout<<endl;


        return 0;
}

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Why not just

Code:

---

#include <iostream>
#include <string>



int main ()
{
        std::string str = "abcABC";
        for(int j=0; j < str.length(); ++j)
        {
                std::cout<<str[j]<<" ";
        }
        std::cout<<std::endl;


        return 0;
}

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Because that doesn't meet the op's requirements?

Quote:

---

but I have no idea how arrays work yet, and on top of that, I don't know how to get a specific character in a character string.

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Some people believe you should forget about arrays when first starting with C++ and instead learn about vectors. Yes, I know, "vector" is a scary sounding word, and the syntax can be intimidating, but they are much easier to use than arrays. Here is a short lesson:

1) Declaring a vector:

Code:

---

#include<iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
        vector<int> myVector;

        return 0;
       
}

---

You declare the type of the things you plan on storing in the vector between the angled brackets. Then, you follow that with a variable name. Don't forget to #include <vector>.

2) Adding an element to a vector:

Code:

---

myVector.push_back(3);

---

That says to add the integer 3 to the end of the vector. A vector will automatically grow in size as you add more elements. That is why vectors are easier to use than arrays. Arrays have a fixed size.

3) Displaying the contents of a vector:

Code:

---

for(int i=0; i < myVector.size(); ++i)
{
        cout<<myVector[i];
}

---

You can get the number of elements in a vector at any time by calling its size() function. To access the elements of a vector, you use brackets with the index position of the element. The elements of a vector start at index position 0. If you write:

Code:

---

myVector.push_back(12);
myVector.push_back(32);
myVector.push_back(-5);

---

and the vector has no elements in it, then myVector[0] is 12, and myVector[1] is 32, and myVector[2] is -5.

"Encryption" -- why do all these ROT-ting kids like to tarnish this divine word with their ROT-ting imitations.

Also, 7stud, I doubt you will see vectors in use in real encryption applications. Vectors are cool and holy and all that, but that doesn't mean you shouldn't learn arrays at all.