Linking multiple source files: Undefiled Reference to...

I have about 9 .o files, and make compiles quickly and quietly until it gets to the part where it links them all together... here are the errors and makefile. I won't post the code unless i need to, one of the source files is >500 lines long.

Code:

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typescript.ts
-------------
(ethereal@linbox:~/c++/nemoserv)$ make clean ; make
rm -f *.o
g++ -ggdb -pthread -c nemoserv.cpp
g++ -ggdb -pthread -c nemoirc.cpp
g++ -ggdb -pthread -c logger.cpp
g++ -ggdb -pthread -c ircfunc.cpp
g++ -ggdb -pthread -c sockfunc.cpp
g++ -ggdb -pthread -c ircserver.cpp
g++ -ggdb -pthread -c blackjack.cpp
g++ -ggdb -pthread -c cards.cpp
g++ -ggdb -pthread nemoserv.o nemoirc.o logger.o ircfunc.o sockfunc.o ircserver.o cards.o blackjack.o -o nemoserv
blackjack.o: In function `blackjackgame::dealTo(char *, char *, ircserver, bool)':
/home/ethereal/c++/nemoserv/blackjack.cpp:45: undefined reference to `deck::deal(card &)'
/home/ethereal/c++/nemoserv/blackjack.cpp:47: undefined reference to `card::suitText(void)'
/home/ethereal/c++/nemoserv/blackjack.cpp:47: undefined reference to `card::rankText(void)'
/home/ethereal/c++/nemoserv/blackjack.cpp:48: undefined reference to `deck::deal(card &)'
/home/ethereal/c++/nemoserv/blackjack.cpp:50: undefined reference to `card::suitText(void)'
/home/ethereal/c++/nemoserv/blackjack.cpp:50: undefined reference to `card::rankText(void)'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [nemoserv] Error 1
(ethereal@linbox:~/c++/nemoserv)$
-------------

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Code:

---

makefile
--------
# Makefile for nemoserv.

CC = g++
CFLAGS = -ggdb -pthread

nemoserv : nemoserv.o nemoirc.o logger.o ircfunc.o sockfunc.o ircserver.o blackjack.o cards.o
        $(CC) $(CFLAGS) nemoserv.o nemoirc.o logger.o ircfunc.o sockfunc.o cards.o blackjack.o ircserver.o -o nemoserv

nemoserv.o : nemoserv.cpp sockfunc.h ircfunc.h nemoirc.h logger.h ircserver.h
        $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c nemoserv.cpp

nemoirc.o : nemoirc.cpp sockfunc.h ircfunc.h nemoirc.h logger.h ircserver.h
        $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c nemoirc.cpp

ircserver.o : ircserver.cpp sockfunc.h ircfunc.h nemoirc.h logger.h ircserver.h
        $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c ircserver.cpp

logger.o : logger.cpp logger.h
        $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c logger.cpp

ircfunc.o : ircfunc.cpp ircfunc.h
        $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c ircfunc.cpp

sockfunc.o : sockfunc.cpp sockfunc.h
        $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c sockfunc.cpp

blackjack.o : blackjack.cpp cards.cpp blackjack.h cards.hpp
        $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c blackjack.cpp

cards.o : cards.cpp cards.hpp
        $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c cards.cpp

clean :
        rm -f *.o
--------

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cards.cpp

Code:

---

// +++Date last modified: 05-Jul-1997
/*
**  CARDS.CPP - Playing card classes
**
**  public domain by Bob Stout
*/

#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "cards.h"

const char *suits[] = {"Diamonds", "Clubs", "Hearts", "Spades"};
const char *cards[] = {"Ace", "Deuce", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9",
                      "10", "Jack", "Queen", "King"};


inline card::card(void)
{
      rank_ = Rank_Error;
      suit_ = Suit_Error;
}

inline card::card(cardSuit s, cardRank r)
{
      rank_ = r;
      suit_ = s;
}

inline cardRank card::rank(void)
{
      return rank_;
}

inline cardSuit card::suit(void)
{
      return suit_;
}

inline char * card::rankText(void)
{
      return (char *)cards[(int)rank_ - 1];
}

inline char * card::suitText(void)
{
      return (char *)suits[(int)suit_];
}

inline void card::set_rank(cardRank r)
{
      rank_ = r;
}
inline void card::set_suit(cardSuit s)
{
    suit_ = s;
}

inline void card::set_card(cardSuit s, cardRank r)
{
      rank_ = r;
      suit_ = s;
}

inline void card::get_card(cardSuit &s, cardRank &r)
{
      r = rank_;
      s = suit_;
}


deck::deck(void)
{
      int n = 0;

      for (int s = int(Diamond); s <= int(Spade); ++s)
      {
            for (int c = int(Ace); c <= int(King); ++c)
            {
                  card_[n].set_rank(cardRank(c));
                  card_[n].set_suit(cardSuit(s));
                  ++n;
            }
      }
      top = 0;
}

inline void deck::deal(class card &c)
{
      if (top < Deck_Size)
            c = card_[top++];
}

inline int deck::cards_left(void)

{
      return int(Deck_Size - top);
}

void deck::shuffle(void)
{
      int used[Deck_Size], posn = 0;

      srand((unsigned)time(NULL) | 1);
      memset(used, 0, Deck_Size * sizeof(int));

      for (int s = int(Diamond); s <= int(Spade); ++s)
      {
            for (int c = int(Ace); c <= int(King); ++c)
            {
                  posn = (posn + rand()) % Deck_Size;
                  while (used[posn])
                        posn = ++posn % Deck_Size;
                  card_[posn].set_rank(cardRank(c));
                  card_[posn].set_suit(cardSuit(s));
                  used[posn] = -1;
            }
      }
      top = 0;
}

---

cards.hpp

Code:

---

// +++Date last modified: 05-Jul-1997
/*
**  CARDS.HPP - Declare card classes
**
**  public domain by Bob Stout
*/

#ifndef CARDS__HPP
#define CARDS__HPP

const int Card_Error = -1;
const int Deck_Size  = 52;

typedef enum {Rank_Error = Card_Error, Ace = 1, Deuce, Trey, Spot_4, Spot_5,
              Spot_6, Spot_7, Spot_8, Spot_9, Spot_10, Jack = 11, Queen = 12,
              King = 13} cardRank;

typedef enum {Suit_Error = Card_Error, Diamond, Club, Heart, Spade} cardSuit;


class card
{
private:
      cardRank rank_;
      cardSuit suit_;

public:
      card(void);
      card(cardSuit s, cardRank r);
      cardRank rank(void);
      cardSuit suit(void);
      void get_card(cardSuit &s, cardRank &r);
      char *rankText(void);
      char *suitText(void);
      void set_rank(cardRank r);
      void set_suit(cardSuit s);
      void set_card(cardSuit s, cardRank r);
};

class deck
{
private:
      class card card_[Deck_Size];
      unsigned top;

public:
      deck(void);
      void shuffle(void);
      void deal(class card &c);
      int cards_left(void);
};

#endif // CARDS__HPP

---

~Inquirer

And here is the only part of blackjack.cpp that actually deals with the blackjack game/cards/deck.

blackjack.cpp

Code:

---

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
//#include <regex.h>                // Regular Expression (POSIX) Matching
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>                // For cout redirecting
#include <string>
#include "ircserver.h"
#include "nemoirc.h"
#include "blackjack.h"                // My header!
#include "cards.h"                // For the blackjack game


#define MAX_HAND 15

//External variables
//extern ircserver serv;
//extern ircserver srvr;
//extern parsedArgs opts;

void blackjackgame::shuffle() {
        dDeck.shuffle();
        nPlayers = 0;
        memset(cPlayers, '\0', 30*30);
}
void blackjackgame::dealTo(char *nick, char *chan, ircserver serv, bool welc) {
        card temp;
        if (welc) {
                serv << "NOTICE " << nick << " :Welcome to IRC BlackJack v0.0" << serv.endl;
                serv << "NOTICE " << nick << " :I am going to deal you two cards," << serv.endl;
                serv << "NOTICE " << nick << " :one publicly, and one privately." << serv.endl;
                serv << "NOTICE " << nick << " :\"hit\" gets you a new card," << serv.endl;
                serv << "NOTICE " << nick << " :\"stay\" goes to the next person." << serv.endl;
                serv << "NOTICE " << nick << " :Please only go when you are asked." << serv.endl;
        }
        nPlayers++;
        //Players[nPlayers] = nick;
        //Hands[nPlayers].clear();
        dDeck.deal(temp);
        //Hands[nPlayers].addCard(temp);
        serv << "NOTICE " << nick << " :" << nick << ": " << temp.rankText() << " of " << temp.suitText() << serv.endl;
        dDeck.deal(temp);
        //Hands[nPlayers].addCard(temp);
        serv << "PRIVMSG " << chan << " :" << nick << ": " << temp.rankText() << " of " << temp.suitText() << serv.endl;
}

---

and blackjack.h

Code:

---

#ifndef BLACKJACK_H
#define BLACKJACK_H

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
//#include <regex.h>                // Regular Expression (POSIX) Matching
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>                // For cout redirecting
#include <string>
#include "ircserver.h"
#include "nemoirc.h"
#include "cards.hpp"                // For the blackjack game

#define MAX_HAND 15

// Forward Declarations
class hand;
class blackjackgame;

// External variables
//extern ircserver serv;
//extern ircserver srvr;
//extern parsedArgs opts;

class hand {
        private:
                card        cHand[MAX_HAND];
                bool        bShow[MAX_HAND];
                int        iTotal;

                int        addUp();

        public:
                card        getCard(int);        // Get the CARD of hand[int]
                char*        getName(int);        // i.e. "(11) Ace of Spades"
                int        addCard(card);        // add the card to the hand
                int        getTotal();
};

class blackjackgame {
        private:
                int        nPlayers;
                char        cPlayers[30][30];
                hand        hHands[30];
                deck        dDeck;

        public:
                void        shuffle();
                void        dealTo(char*, char*, ircserver, bool welc = true);
};

#endif

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Wow! it worked! What, exactly, does inline do that would make it unable to be "referenced" from another source file?

~Inquirer

Aaah. Thats interesting. Thanks for the explanation. I'll remember that.

Thanks
~Inquirer