New to C Coding: Snake Game Project

Hello all! I am new to C coding and this forum... so excuse the ugly and crude code I am about to ask for help on.

Basically I am creating a Snake game for a course I am taking, and I have worked out pretty much everything to a point. I was looking for help on how to make the body of the snake bend! At the moment it just flops around and follows the head of the snake.

Yes I know there are plenty of snake game codes online but that's not what I am looking for. I wanted to create it by myself but realized its a bit more then I knew how to do myself.

If someone could look at my code and enlighten me on how to make the body bend I would be very appreciative.

Code:

---

//The only thing it is missing is how to bend the snakes body
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <process.h>

#define UP 72
#define DOWN 80
#define LEFT 75
#define RIGHT 77

struct coordinate{   
int X;   
int Y;   
int direction;
};

typedef struct coordinate coordinate;

coordinate head, apple, sBody;

int body[500];
int gameOver=0;
int appleEaten=0;
int life=3;

int main()
{   
setXY(2,2);   
printf("Remaining Lives");   
apple.X = 0;   
apple.Y = 0;   
boarderDraw();   
spawnSnake();   
move();
}

void boarderDraw()
{
setXY(2,2);   
printf("Remaining Lives: ");   
setXY(19,2);   
printf("%d", life); 
int i;   
for(i=5; i<81; i++) 
 {       
setXY(i,5);       
printf("~");       
setXY(i,30);       
printf("~");   
}   
for(i=5; i<31; i++)   
{       
setXY(5,i);       
printf("|");       
setXY(80,i);       
printf("|");   
}
}

void spawnSnake()
{   
int x=81/2;   
int y=31/2;   
head.X = x;   
head.Y = y;   
head.direction = RIGHT;   
setXY(x,y); 
printf(">");
}

void move(){   
endGame();   
boarderDraw();   
food();   
printBody();
char input;

while(!kbhit())
{
int localDir;
localDir=head.direction;

if(localDir==LEFT)
{   
endGame();   
boarderDraw();   
system("cls");   
head.X--;   
boarderDraw();   
food();   
setXY(head.X,head.Y);   
printf("<");   
eat();   
printBody();
}

else if(localDir==RIGHT)
{   
endGame();   
boarderDraw();   
system("cls"); 
head.X++;   
boarderDraw(); 
food();   
setXY(head.X,head.Y);   
printf(">"); 
eat();   
printBody();
}
else if(localDir==UP)
{   
endGame();   
boarderDraw();   
system("cls");   
head.Y--; 
boarderDraw();   
food(); 
setXY(head.X,head.Y);   
printf("^");   
eat();   
printBody();
}
else
{   
endGame(); 
boarderDraw();   
system("cls");   
head.Y++;   
boarderDraw();   
food();   
setXY(head.X,head.Y);   
printf("v");   
eat();   
printBody();
}
}
if(kbhit())   
{       
endGame();       
while(gameOver==0)       
{       
input = getch();        //Change INPUT to desired direction.       
if(input == UP)       
{           
up();       
}       
if(input == DOWN)       
 {           
down();       
}       
if(input == LEFT)       
{           
left();       
}       
if(input == RIGHT)       
{           
right();       
}       
else if(gameOver==1)       
{           
system("cls");       
}   
else if(input == 27)   
{       
gameOver=1;       
 system("cls");       
 exit(0);   
}   
}
}
}

void goToXY(int x, int y)
{   
COORD coord;   
coord.X = x;
coord.Y = y;   
SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
}

void setXY(int x, int y)
{   
HANDLE h; //undefined pointer h 
COORD c;   
fflush(stdout);   
c.X = x; 
c.Y = y;   
h = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);   
SetConsoleCursorPosition(h,c);
}

void up()
{ 
 eat();       
if (head.direction!=DOWN)       
{       
head.direction=UP;       
head.Y--;     
 system("cls");       
boarderDraw();       
setXY(head.X,head.Y);       
printf("^");     
 endGame();       
move();       
food();       
printBody();       
}     
 else
{           
endGame();           
move();           
food();       
}
}

void down()
{   
eat();       
if (head.direction!=UP)       
{       
head.direction=DOWN;       
head.Y++;     
 system("cls");       
boarderDraw();       
setXY(head.X,head.Y);       
printf("v");       
endGame();       
move();       
food();       
printBody();       
}       
else
{           
endGame();           
move();         
food();       
}
}

void left()
{   
eat();   
if (head.direction!=RIGHT)       
{       
head.direction=LEFT;       
head.X--;     
 system("cls");       
boarderDraw();       
setXY(head.X,head.Y);       
printf("<");       
endGame();       
move();       
food();     
 printBody();       
}     
 else
{           
endGame();           
move();           
food();       
}
}

void right()
{       
eat();       
if (head.direction!=LEFT)       
{       
head.direction=RIGHT;       
head.X++;     
 system("cls");     
 boarderDraw();       
setXY(head.X,head.Y);       
printf(">");       
endGame();       
move();       
food();     
 printBody();       
}       
else
{           
endGame();         
 move();         
 food();       
}
}

void food()
{ 
if(apple.X==0 && apple.Y==0)
{
int rx = ((rand() % 74 + 5));
int ry = ((rand() % 24 + 5));
apple.X=rx;
apple.Y=ry;
setXY(apple.X, apple.Y);
printf("A");
}   
else   
{       
setXY(apple.X, apple.Y);       
printf("A");   
}
}

void eat()
{   
if((head.X == apple.X) && (head.Y == apple.Y))       
{           
appleEaten++;           
apple.X=0;         
 apple.Y=0;           
body[appleEaten]=0;       
}       
/*for(int i=0;i<appleEaten;i++)           
{               
setXY(head.X, (head.Y));               
printf("%d", body[i]);               
food();               
move();           
}
*/
}

void printBody()
{   
if (head.direction == RIGHT)   
{       
for(int i=1;i<=appleEaten;i++)           
{               
sBody.X=(head.X-i);               
sBody.Y=(head.Y);               
setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);               
printf("%d", body[i]);           
}   
}   
else
if (head.direction == LEFT)   
{       
for(int i=1;i<=appleEaten;i++)           
{               
sBody.X=(head.X+i);               
sBody.Y=(head.Y);               
setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);               
printf("%d", body[i]);         
}   
}   
else If (head.direction == UP)   
{       
for(int i=1;i<=appleEaten;i++)         
{               
sBody.X=(head.X);             
sBody.Y=(head.Y+i);               
setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);               
printf("%d", body[i]);           
}   
}   
else if (head.direction == DOWN)   
{       
for(int i=1;i<=appleEaten;i++)           
{               
sBody.X=(head.X);               
sBody.Y=(head.Y-i);               
setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);               
printf("%d", body[i]);           
}   
}
}

void endGame()
{   
if(head.X<=5||head.X>=81||head.Y<=5||head.Y>=30) 
 {       
life--;       
system("cls");       
appleEaten=0;       
main();   
}   
else   
{       
gameOver=0;   
}   
if(life==0) 
{
gameOver=1;       
system("cls");       
exit(0);   
}
}

---

Thanks for looking, and side note although its not a huge deal if anyone can help make the screen less flashy that would be great.

-Spec

Copy and paste didn't work so great there from codeblocks... sorry no indents I swear I have them!

Code:

---

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#include <windows.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <process.h>

#define UP    72
#define DOWN  80
#define LEFT  75
#define RIGHT 77

struct coordinate {
    int X;
    int Y;
    int direction;
};

typedef struct coordinate coordinate;

coordinate head, apple, sBody;

int body[500];
int gameOver = 0;
int appleEaten = 0;
int life = 3;

int main() {
    setXY(2, 2);
    printf("Remaining Lives");
    apple.X = 0;
    apple.Y = 0;
    boarderDraw();
    spawnSnake();
    move();
}

void boarderDraw() {
    setXY(2, 2);
    printf("Remaining Lives: ");
    setXY(19, 2);
    printf("%d", life);
    int i;
    for (i = 5; i < 81; i++) {
        setXY(i, 5);
        printf("~");
        setXY(i, 30);
        printf("~");
    }
    for (i = 5; i < 31; i++) {
        setXY(5, i);
        printf("|");
        setXY(80, i);
        printf("|");
    }
}

void spawnSnake() {
    int x = 81 / 2;
    int y = 31 / 2;
    head.X = x;
    head.Y = y;
    head.direction = RIGHT;
    setXY(x, y);
    printf(">");
}

void move() {
    endGame();
    boarderDraw();
    food();
    printBody();
    char input;
    while (!kbhit()) {
        int localDir;
        localDir = head.direction;
        if (localDir == LEFT) {
            endGame();
            boarderDraw();
            system("cls");
            head.X--;
            boarderDraw();
            food();
            setXY(head.X, head.Y);
            printf("<");
            eat();
            printBody();
        }
        else if (localDir == RIGHT) {
            endGame();
            boarderDraw();
            system("cls");
            head.X++;
            boarderDraw();
            food();
            setXY(head.X, head.Y);
            printf(">");
            eat();
            printBody();
        } else if (localDir == UP) {
            endGame();
            boarderDraw();
            system("cls");
            head.Y--;
            boarderDraw();
            food();
            setXY(head.X, head.Y);
            printf("^");
            eat();
            printBody();
        } else {
            endGame();
            boarderDraw();
            system("cls");
            head.Y++;
            boarderDraw();
            food();
            setXY(head.X, head.Y);
            printf("v");
            eat();
            printBody();
        }
    }
    if (kbhit()) {
        endGame();
        while (gameOver == 0) {
            input = getch();    //Change INPUT to desired direction.       
            if (input == UP) {
                up();
            }
            if (input == DOWN) {
                down();
            }
            if (input == LEFT) {
                left();
            }
            if (input == RIGHT) {
                right();
            } else if (gameOver == 1) {
                system("cls");
            } else if (input == 27) {
                gameOver = 1;
                system("cls");
                exit(0);
            }
        }
    }
}

void goToXY(int x, int y) {
    COORD coord;
    coord.X = x;
    coord.Y = y;
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
}

void setXY(int x, int y) {
    COORD c;
    fflush(stdout);
    c.X = x;
    c.Y = y;
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), c);
}

void up() {
    eat();
    if (head.direction != DOWN) {
        head.direction = UP;
        head.Y--;
        system("cls");
        boarderDraw();
        setXY(head.X, head.Y);
        printf("^");
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
        printBody();
    } else {
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
    }
}

void down() {
    eat();
    if (head.direction != UP) {
        head.direction = DOWN;
        head.Y++;
        system("cls");
        boarderDraw();
        setXY(head.X, head.Y);
        printf("v");
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
        printBody();
    } else {
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
    }
}

void left() {
    eat();
    if (head.direction != RIGHT) {
        head.direction = LEFT;
        head.X--;
        system("cls");
        boarderDraw();
        setXY(head.X, head.Y);
        printf("<");
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
        printBody();
    } else {
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
    }
}

void right() {
    eat();
    if (head.direction != LEFT) {
        head.direction = RIGHT;
        head.X++;
        system("cls");
        boarderDraw();
        setXY(head.X, head.Y);
        printf(">");
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
        printBody();
    } else {
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
    }
}

void food() {
    if (apple.X == 0 && apple.Y == 0) {
        int rx = ((rand() % 74 + 5));
        int ry = ((rand() % 24 + 5));
        apple.X = rx;
        apple.Y = ry;
        setXY(apple.X, apple.Y);
        printf("A");
    } else {
        setXY(apple.X, apple.Y);
        printf("A");
    }
}

void eat() {
    if (head.X == apple.X && head.Y == apple.Y) {
        appleEaten++;
        apple.X = 0;
        apple.Y = 0;
        body[appleEaten] = 0;
    }
/*  for(int i=0;i<appleEaten;i++)           
    {               
        setXY(head.X, (head.Y));               
        printf("%d", body[i]);               
        food();               
        move();           
    }*/
}

void printBody() {
    if (head.direction == RIGHT) {
        for (int i = 1; i <= appleEaten; i++) {
            sBody.X = (head.X - i);
            sBody.Y = (head.Y);
            setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);
            printf("%d", body[i]);
        }
    } else if (head.direction == LEFT) {
        for (int i = 1; i <= appleEaten; i++) {
            sBody.X = (head.X + i);
            sBody.Y = (head.Y);
            setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);
            printf("%d", body[i]);
        }
    } else if(head.direction == UP) {
        for (int i = 1; i <= appleEaten; i++) {
            sBody.X = (head.X);
            sBody.Y = (head.Y + i);
            setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);
            printf("%d", body[i]);
        }
    }
    else if (head.direction == DOWN) {
        for (int i = 1; i <= appleEaten; i++) {
            sBody.X = (head.X);
            sBody.Y = (head.Y - i);
            setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);
            printf("%d", body[i]);
        }
    }
}

void endGame() {
    if (head.X <= 5 || head.X >= 81 || head.Y <= 5 || head.Y >= 30) {
        life--;
        system("cls");
        appleEaten = 0;
        main();
    } else {
        gameOver = 0;
    }
    if (life == 0) {
        gameOver = 1;
        system("cls");
        exit(0);
    }
}

---

I'm not sure what you mean by bending the body. And I can't run your program since I don't use windows. Are you saying that the snake is always drawn as a straight line? In that case, you need to store the coordinates of each body part and I guess "shift" all the coords when it moves (each takes the coord of the body part in front of it except for the head which adds a new coord).

Some criticism:
Don't reapeat header files.
"Border" doesn't have an 'a' in it.
Use putchar instead of printf to output a single charcter: putchar('>');
Instead of calling main recursively, use a loop.
You should have function prototypes before main.
You shouldn't be using global variables. (Maybe next program!)

As for pasting code into code tags in the forum, if you have a "Paste as plain text" option, use that; otherwise, paste it into notepad first, then recopy it to the clipboard from there, then paste it into the forum.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by john.c

Code:

---

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#include <windows.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <process.h>

#define UP    72
#define DOWN  80
#define LEFT  75
#define RIGHT 77

struct coordinate {
    int X;
    int Y;
    int direction;
};

typedef struct coordinate coordinate;

coordinate head, apple, sBody;

int body[500];
int gameOver = 0;
int appleEaten = 0;
int life = 3;

int main() {
    setXY(2, 2);
    printf("Remaining Lives");
    apple.X = 0;
    apple.Y = 0;
    boarderDraw();
    spawnSnake();
    move();
}

void boarderDraw() {
    setXY(2, 2);
    printf("Remaining Lives: ");
    setXY(19, 2);
    printf("%d", life);
    int i;
    for (i = 5; i < 81; i++) {
        setXY(i, 5);
        printf("~");
        setXY(i, 30);
        printf("~");
    }
    for (i = 5; i < 31; i++) {
        setXY(5, i);
        printf("|");
        setXY(80, i);
        printf("|");
    }
}

void spawnSnake() {
    int x = 81 / 2;
    int y = 31 / 2;
    head.X = x;
    head.Y = y;
    head.direction = RIGHT;
    setXY(x, y);
    printf(">");
}

void move() {
    endGame();
    boarderDraw();
    food();
    printBody();
    char input;
    while (!kbhit()) {
        int localDir;
        localDir = head.direction;
        if (localDir == LEFT) {
            endGame();
            boarderDraw();
            system("cls");
            head.X--;
            boarderDraw();
            food();
            setXY(head.X, head.Y);
            printf("<");
            eat();
            printBody();
        }
        else if (localDir == RIGHT) {
            endGame();
            boarderDraw();
            system("cls");
            head.X++;
            boarderDraw();
            food();
            setXY(head.X, head.Y);
            printf(">");
            eat();
            printBody();
        } else if (localDir == UP) {
            endGame();
            boarderDraw();
            system("cls");
            head.Y--;
            boarderDraw();
            food();
            setXY(head.X, head.Y);
            printf("^");
            eat();
            printBody();
        } else {
            endGame();
            boarderDraw();
            system("cls");
            head.Y++;
            boarderDraw();
            food();
            setXY(head.X, head.Y);
            printf("v");
            eat();
            printBody();
        }
    }
    if (kbhit()) {
        endGame();
        while (gameOver == 0) {
            input = getch();    //Change INPUT to desired direction.       
            if (input == UP) {
                up();
            }
            if (input == DOWN) {
                down();
            }
            if (input == LEFT) {
                left();
            }
            if (input == RIGHT) {
                right();
            } else if (gameOver == 1) {
                system("cls");
            } else if (input == 27) {
                gameOver = 1;
                system("cls");
                exit(0);
            }
        }
    }
}

void goToXY(int x, int y) {
    COORD coord;
    coord.X = x;
    coord.Y = y;
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
}

void setXY(int x, int y) {
    COORD c;
    fflush(stdout);
    c.X = x;
    c.Y = y;
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), c);
}

void up() {
    eat();
    if (head.direction != DOWN) {
        head.direction = UP;
        head.Y--;
        system("cls");
        boarderDraw();
        setXY(head.X, head.Y);
        printf("^");
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
        printBody();
    } else {
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
    }
}

void down() {
    eat();
    if (head.direction != UP) {
        head.direction = DOWN;
        head.Y++;
        system("cls");
        boarderDraw();
        setXY(head.X, head.Y);
        printf("v");
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
        printBody();
    } else {
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
    }
}

void left() {
    eat();
    if (head.direction != RIGHT) {
        head.direction = LEFT;
        head.X--;
        system("cls");
        boarderDraw();
        setXY(head.X, head.Y);
        printf("<");
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
        printBody();
    } else {
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
    }
}

void right() {
    eat();
    if (head.direction != LEFT) {
        head.direction = RIGHT;
        head.X++;
        system("cls");
        boarderDraw();
        setXY(head.X, head.Y);
        printf(">");
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
        printBody();
    } else {
        endGame();
        move();
        food();
    }
}

void food() {
    if (apple.X == 0 && apple.Y == 0) {
        int rx = ((rand() % 74 + 5));
        int ry = ((rand() % 24 + 5));
        apple.X = rx;
        apple.Y = ry;
        setXY(apple.X, apple.Y);
        printf("A");
    } else {
        setXY(apple.X, apple.Y);
        printf("A");
    }
}

void eat() {
    if (head.X == apple.X && head.Y == apple.Y) {
        appleEaten++;
        apple.X = 0;
        apple.Y = 0;
        body[appleEaten] = 0;
    }
/*  for(int i=0;i<appleEaten;i++)           
    {               
        setXY(head.X, (head.Y));               
        printf("%d", body[i]);               
        food();               
        move();           
    }*/
}

void printBody() {
    if (head.direction == RIGHT) {
        for (int i = 1; i <= appleEaten; i++) {
            sBody.X = (head.X - i);
            sBody.Y = (head.Y);
            setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);
            printf("%d", body[i]);
        }
    } else if (head.direction == LEFT) {
        for (int i = 1; i <= appleEaten; i++) {
            sBody.X = (head.X + i);
            sBody.Y = (head.Y);
            setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);
            printf("%d", body[i]);
        }
    } else if(head.direction == UP) {
        for (int i = 1; i <= appleEaten; i++) {
            sBody.X = (head.X);
            sBody.Y = (head.Y + i);
            setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);
            printf("%d", body[i]);
        }
    }
    else if (head.direction == DOWN) {
        for (int i = 1; i <= appleEaten; i++) {
            sBody.X = (head.X);
            sBody.Y = (head.Y - i);
            setXY(sBody.X, sBody.Y);
            printf("%d", body[i]);
        }
    }
}

void endGame() {
    if (head.X <= 5 || head.X >= 81 || head.Y <= 5 || head.Y >= 30) {
        life--;
        system("cls");
        appleEaten = 0;
        main();
    } else {
        gameOver = 0;
    }
    if (life == 0) {
        gameOver = 1;
        system("cls");
        exit(0);
    }
}

---

I'm not sure what you mean by bending the body. And I can't run your program since I don't use windows. Are you saying that the snake is always drawn as a straight line? In that case, you need to store the coordinates of each body part and I guess "shift" all the coords when it moves (each takes the coord of the body part in front of it except for the head which adds a new coord).

Some criticism:
Don't reapeat header files.
"Border" doesn't have an 'a' in it.
Use putchar instead of printf to output a single charcter: putchar('>');
Instead of calling main recursively, use a loop.
You should have function prototypes before main.
You shouldn't be using global variables. (Maybe next program!)

As for pasting code into code tags in the forum, if you have a "Paste as plain text" option, use that; otherwise, paste it into notepad first, then recopy it to the clipboard from there, then paste it into the forum.

---

Is there an equivalent of system(“cls”) and setcursor as they are what I use Windows for

Yes there is an alternative.

You see SetConsoleCursorPosition ?

Well head on over to MSDN and find out what other functions reside in the Win32 Console API.
I'm sure you'll find something to clear the screen.