Urgent help please with C code

Im pretty bad at programming. Have an exam in a few hours and need to understand whats happening here.

Examine the code fragments below and report on three key items: a) the class/type of the vulnerability; b) the exact cause of the problem; and c) the code fix to be put in place to mitigate the vulnerability.

Code:

---

int grab_request (char buf[], int buf_len)
{
int i;
    for (i=0; i< buf_len; i++) {
          /* put things into buf */
    }

buf[i] = ‘\0’;
return i;
}

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Are you going to give us your thoughts on what the answers might be, or are you just waiting for the answers to be handed out?

the honest truth is i am confused. this is the answer i tried to give my lecturer. the marks havent come bac as yet so am not sure but i have an exam tomorrow.

Code #/Type	Type of Vulnerability	Exact cause/Problem	Mitigation
5/C	Buffer overflow	- If buf[] size is buf_len you will be accessing your array out of bounds when you try to insert the end of string character into the string at buf[i] = ‘\0’;. Because when you reach this point i will be equal to buf_len.	Defining the size of buf_len as a constant would help to know the size of the buf_lenwould greatly help. #define BUF_LEN 48 So that at the for loop it can appear like this for (int i=0; i < 48; i++) with the 48 replacing the buf_len or even leaving buf_len as is but defined.

You seem to have a decent understanding of the scenario, based on the "type of vulnerability" and "exact cause/problem." But the "mitigation" doesn't seem quite right - that's where you should focus.

Perhaps a read-up on strings will show you the right way to correct the "problem" in the original code.

how about this

Code:

---

function foo(char * param) {
  char local[100];
/* do stuff */
strncpy(local, param, strlen(param));
/* do more stuff */
}

---

1.Type of Vulnerability:Buffer Overflow. strncpy insecure

2.Cause of Problem: strncpy doesn't automatically null-terminate the string being copied into.

3.Code Fix: To safely use strncpy, one must either (1) manually stick a null character onto the result buffer, (2) know that the buffer ends with a null beforehand, and pass (length-1) to strncpy, or (3) know that the buffer will never be copied using any method that won't bound its length to the buffer length.

Think about it like this, what is the value of i when you do buf[i] = '\0' ?