What's wrong with this array initialization?

Code:

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int main (int argc, char* argv[]) {
    char license_plates[M][N];
    double pay[M];
    int i, j;
   
   
    for (i = 0; (i < M); i++) {
        pay[i] = -1;
        for (j = 1; (j < N); j++) {
            license_plates[i][j] = '-';
        }
        license_plates[i][0] = '\0';
    }
return 0;
}

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Whenever I run the gdb debugger on this, it turns out that the license_plates array is only filled with '-' when what I'm clearly trying to have is a '\0' in license_plates[i][0] and a '-' on the rest of each row. Why is this happening?

I have defined M as 5, N as 11, and have included <stdio.h>.

The license_plates array is supposed to include strings which are given later on. Is there a better way to initialize an array of strings?

I'm guessing that you set a breakpoint at line 12, since that is the last possible place inside the loop:

Code:

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        license_plates[i][0] = '\0';

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Breaks occur before the line they are set on is executed, hence, the '\0' has not been added yet. You could set a break at line 8 instead, and use i-1. Beware that gdb prints 3 digit escaped ascii codes for unprintable characters, so the array will look like "\000----".

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Xpl0ReRChR

The license_plates array is supposed to include strings which are given later on. Is there a better way to initialize an array of strings?

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If you mean, a regular null terminated c-string, there is no need to initialize them this way at all. The only reason to do what you are doing is if you plan to write to the string non-sequentially, and want the rest of it left filled with '-'.

Leave the license plates content, alone for now. First, fill them with good content, then make sure they get the '\0' (NULL char), at the end of them (so leave a bit of room for that).

The whole program I'm trying to finish is supposed to have two large arrays, one with license plates (each as a string), and one with payments. It gets input for both in a loop but stops whenever '0' is set as vehicle type. Which means, part of the arrays will be filled, and part of them will be empty.

Since I have to use the selection sort algorithm later on, I figured I couldn't just initialize the arrays with '-' because they would lack a '\0', so strcmp wouldn't work (or would it?). So I thought, 'empty' slots should have a '\0' at the beggining and '-' after that.

I did print license_plates[0] using the gdb debugger after the loop for i=0 was done but it still said it contained 11 '-' characters. Why is that?

Actually you should be seeing '\0', '-', '-', '-', '-', '-', '-', '-', '-', '-', '-'. If you tested the length of your string with strlen() you would see zero returned for length. Normally you would place the '\0' at the end of your string not the beginning. ie: license[i][j-1] = '\0' and you would start your inner loop at zero not one.

Jim

I got it working, thank you guys! Not sure what went wrong before, I had tried placing '\0' at the end, it hadn't worked, but it worked now. I probably made some mistake I was too tired to see.

Not sure what you did to fix it, but the best approach would be declare

Code:

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char license_plates[M][N+1]

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to account for the '\0'. Then

Code:

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for( ... i < M ... ){ 
  for(... j < N ... )
      license_plates[i][j] = '-' ;
  license_plates[i][j] = '\0' ;
}

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Now you have a clean for loop that exits with one char element left for the '\0'.