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I'd really appreciate it if anyone could help me develop an algorithm to solve equations using PEMDAS from an array of string with each of the terms in it and an array of integers representing each of the operands (including open and close parenthesis).
Code:// Ex6_09Extended.cpp
// A program to implement a calculator accepting parentheses
#include <iostream> // For stream input/output
#include <cstdlib> // For the exit() function
#include <cctype> // For the isdigit() function
#include <cstring> // For the strcpy() function
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
void eatspaces(char* str); // Function to eliminate blanks
double expr(char* str); // Function evaluating an expression
double term(char* str, int& index); // Function analyzing a term
double number(char* str, int& index); // Function to recognize a number
char* extract(char* str, int& index); // Function to extract a substring
const int MAX = 80; // Maximum expression length,
// including '\0'
int main()
{
char buffer[MAX] = {0}; // Input area for expression to be evaluated
cout << endl
<< "Welcome to your friendly calculator."
<< endl
<< "Enter an expression, or an empty line to quit."
<< endl;
for(;;)
{
cin.getline(buffer, sizeof buffer); // Read an input line
eatspaces(buffer); // Remove blanks from input
if(!buffer[0]) // Empty line ends calculator
return 0;
cout << "\t= " << expr(buffer) // Output value of expression
<< endl << endl;
}
}
// Function to eliminate spaces from a string
void eatspaces(char* str)
{
int i = 0; // 'Copy to' index to string
int j = 0; // 'Copy from' index to string
while((*(str + i) = *(str + j++)) != '\0') // Loop while character
// copied is not \0
if(*(str + i) != ' ') // Increment i as long as
i++; // character is not a space
return;
}
// Function to evaluate an arithmetic expression
double expr(char* str)
{
double value = 0.0; // Store result here
int index = 0; // Keeps track of current character position
value = term(str, index); // Get first term
for(;;) // Indefinite loop, all exits inside
{
switch(*(str + index++)) // Choose action based on current character
{
case '\0': // We're at the end of the string
return value; // so return what we have got
case '+': // + found so add in the
value += term(str, index); // next term
break;
case '-': // - found so subtract
value -= term(str, index); // the next term
break;
default: // If we reach here the string
cout << endl // is junk
<< "Arrrgh!*#!! There's an error"
<< endl;
exit(1);
}
}
}
// Function to get the value of a term
double term(char* str, int& index)
{
double value = 0.0; // Somewhere to accumulate
// the result
value = number(str, index); // Get the first number in the term
// Loop as long as we have a good operator
while((*(str + index) == '*') || (*(str + index) == '/'))
{
if(*(str + index) == '*') // If it's multiply,
value *= number(str, ++index); // multiply by next number
if(*(str + index) == '/') // If it's divide,
value /= number(str, ++index); // divide by next number
}
return value; // We've finished, so return what
// we've got
}
// Function to recognize a number in a string
double number(char* str, int& index)
{
double value = 0.0; // Store the resulting value
if(*(str + index) == '(') // Start of parentheses
{
char* psubstr = 0; // Pointer for substring
psubstr = extract(str, ++index); // Extract substring in brackets
value = expr(psubstr); // Get the value of the substring
delete[]psubstr; // Clean up the free store
return value; // Return substring value
}
while(isdigit(*(str + index))) // Loop accumulating leading digits
value = 10*value + (*(str + index++) - '0');
// Not a digit when we get to here
if(*(str + index) != '.') // so check for decimal point
return value; // and if not, return value
double factor = 1.0; // Factor for decimal places
while(isdigit(*(str + (++index)))) // Loop as long as we have digits
{
factor *= 0.1; // Decrease factor by factor of 10
value = value + (*(str + index) - '0')*factor; // Add decimal place
}
return value; // On loop exit we are done
}
// Function to extract a substring between parentheses
// (requires cstring)
char* extract(char* str, int& index)
{
char buffer[MAX]; // Temporary space for substring
char* pstr = 0; // Pointer to new string for return
int numL = 0; // Count of left parentheses found
int bufindex = index; // Save starting value for index
do
{
buffer[index - bufindex] = *(str + index);
switch(buffer[index - bufindex])
{
case ')':
if(numL == 0)
{
size_t size = index - bufindex;
buffer[index - bufindex] = '\0'; // Replace ')' with '\0'
++index;
pstr = new char[index - bufindex];
if(!pstr)
{
cout << "Memory allocation failed,"
<< " program terminated.";
exit(1);
}
strcpy_s(pstr, index-bufindex, buffer); // Copy substring to new memory
return pstr; // Return substring in new memory
}
else
numL--; // Reduce count of '(' to be matched
break;
case '(':
numL++; // Increase count of '(' to be
// matched
break;
}
} while(*(str + index++) != '\0'); // Loop - don't overrun end of string
cout << "Ran off the end of the expression, must be bad input."
<< endl;
exit(1);
return pstr;
}
blackcoder41: feanor114 asked for help, not for what could well amount to a solution. If feanor114 had asked for a solution, you still should not have given one, at least not until it is clear that feanor114 had already arrived at a solution, and you wish to demonstrate a better solution.
@blackcoder41
Please read the forum rules.
Spoon-feeding a COMPLETE answer in response to a first post without any OP effort is just an enabling behaviour for help vampires