First C program

So the question is

Write a function isqrt that consumes a non-negative integer n and produces the largest
integer less than or equal to the square root of n (that is, the integer square root of n).
To submit: isqrt.c, isqrt-driver.c.

and I've been working on this for about 2 days and getting nowhere.

for my isqrt.c I have

Code:

---

int isqrt(int n) {
  int a = sqrt(n);
  int b = 0
  for (int i = 1; i <= a; i = i+1)
          b = b +1;
  return b;
}

---

for my isqrt-driver.c I have

Code:

---

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

#include "isqrt.c"
int main()
{
        printf("%d", isqrt(5));
        assert(isqrt(5) == 2); /*no effect */
        return 0;
}

---

I know this is my first program and all but I just don't understand what's wrong with what I'm doing...
Then I run the gcc -std=99 -O -o isqrt isqrt-driver.c isqrt.c

and it gives me a lot of error messages and

then run ./isqrt

and it says its not in the directory which makes sense cause it was never compiled.

Any help would be appreciated. Don't just give me code cause that is cheating and what not >.<. I'd ask my TA's but it is reading week so I don't have access to them

If errors exist then no executable created.

What are the errors you're receiving?

First off, *never* include a .c/.cpp file. Includes are for headers.

well we were given startup code for isqrt-driver.c

Code:

---

#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

#include "isqrt.h"

int main() {
    assert(isqrt(5) == 2); /* no effect */
    return 0;
}

---

and so you pointed out that I should never include a .c file...

so on the fourth line i had
#incldue "isqrt.c" but i changed that to an h.

but still nothing works, my errors are

isqrt-driver.c:4:19: isqrt.h: No such file or directory (which is why I changed the include to c in the first place)
isqrt-driver.c: In function 'main':
isqrt-driver.c:7: warting implicit declaration of function 'isqrt'
isqrt.c: In function 'isqrt':
isqrt.c:2: warning: implicit declaration of function 'sqrt'
isqrt.c:4: error: parse error before "for"
isqrt.c:4: error: 'i' undeclared (first use in this function)
isqrt.c.4: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
isqrt.c:4: error: for each function it appears in.)
isqrt.c:4: error: parse error before ')' token

anyways...these don't make much sense to me. I've read over the lecture slides and we never even went over a situation where a "driver" called on a program. But it makes sense to me cause then it becomes easier to debug when you're working with bigger programs.

If you put functions in a separate source file, then you need to:
1) Put the prototypes of those functions in yet another file, a header (.h) file;
2) Make sure every file that calls those functions includes the header file written in 1 above;
3) Compile both .c files together at the same time.

Also, using sqrt requires including <math.h>.

1) .....I don't understand. Do you mean I have to compile isqrt.c all on its own as opposed to compiling them at the same time? Or do I have to save isqrt.c as isqrt.h somewhere?

2) I think I did this correctly? Or did I have to write #include "isqrt.h" one line above?

3) Ya I think I did this since I used the line
"Then I run the gcc -std=99 -O -o isqrt isqrt-driver.c isqrt.c"

I need to use #include <math.h> .....well we definitely never learned that :(

Thanks though I'll throw in the include math, the other 3 points I'm not to sure as to what you're trying to say. I've never worked with C so this is kind of confusing :P

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Stormweaver1

I need to use #include <math.h> .....well we definitely never learned that :(

---

And with gcc you need -lm as well (for -l linker m math objects, I guess)

so i included the math line

Code:

---

#include <math.h>

int isqrt(int n) {
  int a = sqrt(n);
  int b = 0
  for (int i = 1; i <= a; i = i+1)
          b = b +1;
  return b;
}

---

and then i tried compiling with the -lm command so it looks like

Code:

---

gcc -std=c99 -O -o -lm isqrt isqrt-driver.c isqrt.c

---

and so now a few of the error messages went away.


isqrt.c: In function 'isqrt':

isqrt.c:4: error: parse error before "for"
isqrt.c:4: error: 'i' undeclared (first use in this function)
isqrt.c.4: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
isqrt.c:4: error: for each function it appears in.)
isqrt.c:4: error: parse error before ')' token

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Stormweaver1

1) .....I don't understand. Do you mean I have to compile isqrt.c all on its own as opposed to compiling them at the same time?

---

Since I explicitly said exactly the opposite ("compile both .c files together at the same time") it seems unlikely that that's what I would mean. You need an additional file, isqrt.h, in addition to main.c and isqrt.c. That file needs to contain the prototype of your functions in isqrt.c

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Stormweaver1

so i included the math line

Code:

---

#include <math.h>

int isqrt(int n) {
  int a = sqrt(n);
  int b = 0
  for (int i = 1; i <= a; i = i+1)
          b = b +1;
  return b;
}

---

and then i tried compiling with the -lm command so it looks like

Code:

---

gcc -std=c99 -O -o -lm isqrt isqrt-driver.c isqrt.c

---

and so now a few of the error messages went away.


isqrt.c: In function 'isqrt':

isqrt.c:4: error: parse error before "for"
isqrt.c:4: error: 'i' undeclared (first use in this function)
isqrt.c.4: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
isqrt.c:4: error: for each function it appears in.)
isqrt.c:4: error: parse error before ')' token

---

You have to put -lm at the end, not in the middle. And since there was an error before for, look directly before for and see what you see.

:O there's no little ";" semi-colon thing.

I'll give that a try, Thanks a bunch :)

alright all of the errors went away now i have a new one. So I think I'm close.

/cygdrive/c/Users/user/AppData/Local/Temp/ccwWTWvi.o:isqrt.c:(.text+0x0):multip
le definition of '_isqrt'
/cygdrive/c/Users/user/AppData/Local/Temp/ccEc13G4.o:isqrt-driver.c:(.text+0x0):
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

So I'm going to guess I have to delete a temporary file or something.

Well, what it means is that you should delete one of the two definitions of isqrt() that you have.

o...but i have 2 because i thought you needed one for isqrt.c and one for isqrt.h

but I guess I'll delete the isqrt.h one.

so i deleted the isqrt.h but now its complaining that isqrt.h doesn't exist again.

I'm very confused. I'll keep trying different things though.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Stormweaver1

so i deleted the isqrt.h but now its complaining that isqrt.h doesn't exist again.

I'm very confused. I'll keep trying different things though.

---

isqrt.h contains a prototype ONLY. If you don't know what the word prototype means, look it up or ask. But there should be NO code, just a prototype.

no i don't know what a prototype is :(. I just saved isqrt.c as isqrt.h

ok i'll google it.

alright I googled it and searched for it on these forums clicked a few links and I still don't understand what you mean by a prototype.

Clue: You've seen one before

Code:

---

void what_a_function(int X, char *Y);

---

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Stormweaver1

alright I googled it and searched for it on these forums clicked a few links and I still don't understand what you mean by a prototype.

---

The first link from Google is http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_prototype which seems amazingly straightforward to me.

A function prototype is needed when you create your own function. For example:

Code:

---

#include <stdio.h>

void msg(void);    /* This is the prototype */

int main()
{
        /* Displays Hello, World */
        msg();
        return(0);
}

void msg(void)
{
        printf("Hello, World!");
}

---

Don't feel bad, I'm pretty new to C myself.

__________________________________________________ _______

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:) So i changed isqrt.h to a "prototype"

Code:

---

int isqrt(int n);

---

and it appears to work! Thank you very much for your help. I have learned more from you then I have from a lecture.

Now onto question #2 :P

Sure. What question do you have?

Alright Question to is as follows.

"Write a function sumsqr that consumes a non-negative integer n and prints all pairs (x, y)
such that x and y are nonnegative integers, x >= y, and x^2 + y^2 = n. Each pair is printed
on a separate line without the parentheses or comma. You may either print them in order of
increasing x or decreasing x. For example, the call sumsqr(50) would print either:
5 5
7 1
or
7 1
5 5
Your program should be able to list all 18 ways to write 446265625 as the sum of two
squares.
To submit: sumsqr.c, sumsqr-driver.c."

Now after looking at the question I realized that the highest possible number will be the square root of the number. So we're going to be implementing question #1.

sumsqr-driver.c looks like

Code:

---

#include <stdio.h>

#include "sumsqr.h"

int main() {
              printf("%d", sumsqr(50));
              return 0;
}

---

sumsqr.c is

Code:

---

#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#include "isqrt.h"

int sumsqr(int n) {
            int a = 0;
            int b = 0;
            int max = isqrt(n);
            if (a == max) {
                        a = 0;
                        b = b+1;
                        return sumsqr(int n);
            } else {
            for (int i=1; i <= max; i=i+1) {
            if (a*a + b*b == n) {
                        printf("%d %d", a, b);
                        a = a+1;
                        return sumsqr(int n);
            } else {
                        a = a+1;
                        return sumsqr(int n);
            }
            }
}

---

and sumsqr.h contains which was given to us in a different part of the question

Code:

---

void sumsqr(int n);

---

And I'm kind of new to the whole prototype thing. But correct me if I'm wrong.
It is saying. It consumes a number and produces a void and in this case void is a set of printfs.

when i try to compile it using the line

Code:

---

gcc -std=c99 -O -o sumsqr sumsqr-driver.c sumsqr.c -lm

---

I get the errors

sumsqr-driver.c: In function 'main':
sumsqr-driver.c:6: error: invalid use of void expression
sumsqr.c: In function 'sumsqr':
sumsqr.c:13: error: parse error before "int"
sumsqr.c:19: error: parse error before "int"
sumsqr.c:22: error: parse error before "int"
sumsqr.c:25: error: pares error at end of input

~Stormweaver1~(I'm going for supper but I should be back in 20)

Quote:

---

return sumsqr(int n);

---

sumsqr returns void
you cannot return value of function returning void

also when calling function - type should not be passed - only var name
do it as (if you really need a recursion here):

Code:

---

sumsqr(n);
return;

---