buffered vs unbuffered question

I just don't spend enough time "tinkering" with *nix. Anyhow when I
read from an unbuffered input and type something in, I get two prompts
after I hit return.

m-net% more tty.c

Code:

#include <stdio.h> int main(void) { char c; return(read(0, &c, 1) == 1) ? (unsigned char)c : EOF; return 0; }

m-net% ./tty
c
m-net%
m-net%

Now when I buffer the input, and type something in, I only get one
prompt after I hit return.

m-net% more tty2.c

Code:

#include <stdio.h> int main(void) { static char buf[BUFSIZ]; static char *bufp = buf; static int n = 0; if(n == 0) { n = read(0,buf, sizeof buf); bufp = buf; } return (--n >= 0) ? (unsigned char) *bufp++ : EOF; }

m-net% ./tty2
c h a d
m-net%

Why is this?

Just a guess - perhaps the raw read() version is not "consuming" the <return>, so the shell does.

gg

That might be.

With buffered input, the run-time library will have consumed the return, even if you didn't.

Code:

m-net% gdb tty2 GNU gdb 6.1.1 [FreeBSD] Copyright 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions. Type "show copying" to see the conditions. There is absolutely no warranty for GDB. Type "show warranty" for details. This GDB was configured as "i386-marcel-freebsd"... (gdb) list 1 #include <stdio.h> 2 3 int main(void) 4 { 5 static char buf[BUFSIZ]; 6 static char *bufp = buf; 7 static int n = 0; 8 9 if(n == 0) { 10 n = read(0,buf, sizeof buf); (gdb) br 6 Breakpoint 1 at 0x8048514: file tty2.c, line 6. (gdb) br 9 Note: breakpoint 1 also set at pc 0x8048514. Breakpoint 2 at 0x8048514: file tty2.c, line 9. (gdb) run Starting program: /home/guest/cdalten/tty2 Breakpoint 1, main () at tty2.c:9 9 if(n == 0) { (gdb) display buf 1: buf = '\0' <repeats 1023 times> (gdb) step 10 n = read(0,buf, sizeof buf); 1: buf = '\0' <repeats 1023 times> (gdb) step c h a d 11 bufp = buf; 1: buf = "c h a d\n", '\0' <repeats 1015 times> (gdb) step 13 return (--n >= 0) ? (unsigned char) *bufp++ : EOF; 1: buf = "c h a d\n", '\0' <repeats 1015 times> (gdb) step 14 } 1: buf = "c h a d\n", '\0' <repeats 1015 times> (gdb) step 0x08048442 in _start () 1: buf = "c h a d\n", '\0' <repeats 1015 times> (gdb) step Single stepping until exit from function _start, which has no line number information. Program exited with code 0143. (gdb) q

Code:

m-net% gdb tty GNU gdb 6.1.1 [FreeBSD] Copyright 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions. Type "show copying" to see the conditions. There is absolutely no warranty for GDB. Type "show warranty" for details. This GDB was configured as "i386-marcel-freebsd"... (gdb) list 1 #include <stdio.h> 2 3 int main(void) 4 { 5 char c; 6 7 return(read(0, &c, 1) == 1) ? (unsigned char)c : EOF; 8 9 return 0; 10 } (gdb) br 7 Breakpoint 1 at 0x8048514: file tty.c, line 7. (gdb) run Starting program: /home/guest/cdalten/tty Breakpoint 1, main () at tty.c:7 7 return(read(0, &c, 1) == 1) ? (unsigned char)c : EOF; (gdb) display c 1: c = 0 '\0' (gdb) step c 10 } 1: c = 99 'c' (gdb) 0x08048442 in _start () (gdb)

Was that meant to be a question?

No. It was just a brain fart.