Lesson #5 - Methods

Before looking at the code, since I did not make too many comments on it, I want to cover a few concepts and add a quick note.

Note * - for some programmers this program may be pointless because you can easily achieve this programs output under the Main(). But not to worry as we will build on this in the future.

\n,

This written inside a Console.WriteLine() or Console.Write() will skip a line, so basically you can Console.Write(“Hello \n”) will give you the same output as Console.WriteLine(“Hello”); This is great because it will minimize your typing.

\t

This can also be written in Console.WriteLine() or Write and it will have the same effect as hitting the [TAB] key on Notepad or any Word Editor.

for (i = n; i < x; i++)

{

}

The for loop: The first section of it says “i = n;” where n is any number you wish it to be. You can either declare n as a variable and assign a value up at top or you can just substitute a number such as 2 in the place of n.

Next you will see “i < x;” which basically says, once this condition is met, stop. Again x acts like n in the first section of the for loop.

The last section of the for loop we have “i++”. This will continue to occur until the condition is met. That is to say i will continue to increment by one until the condition is met. You can also increment by 5 or 10 or any number you wish or even a variable. Simply type i+=5 or i+=variableName

Also, in this program you will see that we have two more methods below the Main() method. Which is cool because these are methods that we are going to create. ourselves. These two methods will be executed within the Main() method. Later we will see the advantages to this. However, right off the top, if you declare a variable named varOne in one method, you can use another variable named varOne in another because varOne closes as soon as the method that is using it closes. Pretty neat huh? If you don’t understand this right now, don’t worry. Just practice by making your own methods and running your own programs and become comfortable with it. Also, play with the for loop a little more. If you are a beginner and want to test out methods, you can stick to coding Console.WriteLines()s instead of declaring variables and coding statements.

Also before we look at the code, the Main() method will first call methodOne which will just give out some output. The second method you will be asked to enter a number that you wish to count to. Then to enter an number for which you would like to count by in increments. So if you enter 100 and then enter 3, you will count to 100 by 3’s.

Code:

using System; namespace manyMethods { ///<summary> /// Creating Methods ///</summary> class Class1 { ///<summary> /// This program will create methods and ///</summary> [STAThread] static void Main(string[] args) { //we execute our first custom method methodOne(); //after that one, we do our next one methodTwo(); //then we exit the program //all we have to do is press enter //The Console.ReadLine serves as a pause Console.ReadLine(); }//end Main() static void methodOne() { string greeting = ""; greeting += "\nThis is an introduction to programming\n"; greeting += "more than one method.\n"; greeting += "Have fun using your own methods!!"; greeting += "\n\n"; Console.WriteLine(greeting); }//end methodOne static void methodTwo() { //Declare our variables int loopy, skip, i; Console.WriteLine("Let's use a for loop."); Console.Write("Enter the number you want to count to: "); //take in the variable "loopy" loopy = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); Console.Write("\nEnter the number you wish to count by (i.e. 2s, 3s, 5s, etc..) "); //take in the variable "skip" skip = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); for(i = 0; i <= loopy; i += skip) { Console.Write(i + "\t"); }//end for loop }//end methodTwo }//end Class1 }//end namespace manyMethods

Just as a reminder, Visual Studio was used in developing this Console Application.

This was made by request of microscopic^earthling for verification purposes at Astahost".