Vacuus Interface Demo Errors

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01-01-2006
Nebbuchadnezzar

Vacuus Interface Demo Errors

Although I hate to admit it, I'm reasonably new to c++ - I often have little to no idea what each error means, which is why I'm asking for help.
So, I recently obtained a copy of Visual Studio 2002, and have been trying to complie a small game with it.

However, whenever I try to compile, I get the following:

Code:

------ Rebuild All started: Project: Vacuus - IFD, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------ Deleting intermediate files and output files for project 'Vacuus - IFD', configuration 'Debug|Win32'. Compiling... stdafx.cpp Compiling... Vacuus - IFD.cpp c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(7) : error C2065: 'string' : undeclared identifier c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(7) : error C2146: syntax error : missing ')' before identifier 'msg' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(7) : error C2059: syntax error : ')' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(19) : error C2501: 'time' : missing storage-class or type specifiers c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(19) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'time_t *__w64 ' to 'int' This conversion requires a reinterpret_cast, a C-style cast or function-style cast c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(21) : error C2501: 'srand' : missing storage-class or type specifiers c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(21) : error C2365: 'srand' : redefinition; previous definition was a 'function' c:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio .NET\Vc7\include\stdlib.h(305) : see declaration of 'srand' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(25) : error C2146: syntax error : missing ')' before identifier 'msg' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(25) : error C2086: 'int prompt' : redefinition c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(7) : see declaration of 'prompt' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(25) : error C2059: syntax error : ')' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(26) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '{' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(26) : error C2447: '{' : missing function header (old-style formal list?) c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(46) : error C2064: term does not evaluate to a function c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(47) : error C2065: 'cin' : undeclared identifier c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(47) : error C2228: left of '.get' must have class/struct/union type c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(51) : error C2064: term does not evaluate to a function c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(52) : error C2296: '>>' : illegal, left operand has type ''unknown-type'' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(54) : error C2064: term does not evaluate to a function c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(54) : error C2296: '>>' : illegal, left operand has type ''unknown-type'' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(56) : error C2064: term does not evaluate to a function c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(57) : error C2064: term does not evaluate to a function c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(58) : error C2064: term does not evaluate to a function c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(59) : error C2296: '>>' : illegal, left operand has type ''unknown-type'' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(67) : error C2065: 'cout' : undeclared identifier c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(67) : error C2296: '<<' : illegal, left operand has type ''unknown-type'' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(67) : error C2297: '<<' : illegal, right operand has type 'char [29]' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(69) : error C2296: '<<' : illegal, left operand has type ''unknown-type'' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(69) : error C2297: '<<' : illegal, right operand has type 'char [31]' c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(70) : error C2296: '>>' : illegal, left operand has type ''unknown-type''

So, beacuse of by newness to C++, I can't seem to fix these errors - source code:

Code:

// Vacuus - IFD.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // #include "stdafx.h" //Declarations int prompt(string msg); //This function not only returns the message provided, but also displays the interface //in the full version, their should be different "types" so that the message is displayed in different areas int sRand(int HIGH, int LOW); //Set Random function, used to set any integer to a randomly generated value, called like: num=sRand("69","7"); //In this version, this fuinction is called every time the player moves int begin_g(); //Used to begin the game, displays a welcome message before entering a while loop int pLx; //Player Location on the X plane, in the full version, like all other player vars. this var should be placed into a player class int pLy; //see above. int pHealth; //players health, doesn't change int input; //input variable, each pushed button should be stored in this time_t seconds; //For random stuff. time(&seconds); srand((unsigned int) seconds); //end declarations\\ int prompt(string msg) { cout<<"\tPLAYER\t\tLOCATION\n"; cout<<"\tTester\t\tX :: "<<pLx<<"\n"; cout<<"\t"<<pHealth<<"\t\tY :: "<<pLy<<"\n"; cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n"; cout<<"\t[m] Move\t[e] Exit\n"; cout<<"\t[h] Help\n"; cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n"; cout<<msg<<"\n>"; return 0; } int sRand(int HIGH,int LOW) { return rand() % (HIGH - LOW + 1) + LOW; } int begin_g() { int check;//Used in conjunction with the "sRand" function prompt("Welcome to the Vacuus Interface demo!\nThis demo serves to show you the interface in the upcoming space simulator, Vacuus.\nHowever, the demo also allows you, the player, to move throughout the universe,\n though its functionality is limited.\nIf you require any assitance, please type H into the console to display further information.\n\n SYS: Press <RETURN> to continue:"); cin.get(); while(input != 'e') { prompt(); cin>>input; if(input=='h') {prompt("This demo displays you the interface of an upcoming game.\n At the top of the screen, you will see some information on your player, including health, name & location.\n Below that, you will see a list of avaliable commands, each surrounded by '['s, and ']'s. Type a command to get any given effect.\nFinaly, you will see the message box, and command prompt.\n");cin>>input;} if(input=='m') {pLx++; check=sRand(3,1); if(check==1){prompt();} if(check==2){prompt("You've discovered another ship!");} if(check==3){prompt("You've discovered a planet!");} cin>>input; } } return 0; } int main() { cout<<"\t\tVacuus - Interface Demo 01"; cout<<"\n\t\t[1] New game.\n\t\t[2] Exit.\n>"; cin>>input; if(input!=1) { return 0; } begin_g(); return 0; }

Any ideas?
Also, I was wondering if it is possible to open a file , whichs path would be contained in a variable - you see, I think I need to do that to make it moddable.

Thanks in advance.
01-01-2006
Niara

from the first line

Code:

c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(7) : error C2065: 'string' : undeclared identifier

you should include the 'string' header before use string variables

niara
01-01-2006
Morgul

string needs to be capitalized: String

Plus you need to include the time and iostream headers.

Code:

#include <ctime> #include <iostream> using namespace std;
01-01-2006
Nebbuchadnezzar

Thanks for your help, however, now VC++ is returning errors about srand.

I fiddled with the code a little, as VC++ didn't like RoD's way of generating random numbers.

Code:

//Declarations int prompt(string msg); //This function not only returns the message provided, but also displays the interface //in the full version, their should be different "types" so that the message is displayed in different areas int rRand(int HIGH, int LOW); //Set Random function, used to set any integer to a randomly generated value, called like: num=rRand("69","7"); //In this version, this fuinction is called every time the player moves int begin_g(); //Used to begin the game, displays a welcome message before entering a while loop int pLx; //Player Location on the X plane, in the full version, like all other player vars. this var should be placed into a player class int pLy; //see above. int pHealth; //players health, doesn't change int input; //input variable, each pushed button should be stored in this //time_t /*time(seconds);*/seconds; //For random stuff. //time(&seconds); srand((unsigned)time(0)); //I haven't included the rest of the code here to save space, let me know if you need it.

Errors:

Code:

Compiling... Vacuus - IFD.cpp c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(27) : error C2501: 'srand' : missing storage-class or type specifiers c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(27) : error C2365: 'srand' : redefinition; previous definition was a 'function' c:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio .NET\Vc7\include\stdlib.h(305) : see declaration of 'srand'

Noe, I dont understand why VC++ thinks there is another definition of srand, I did accidently call my Random function that before, which of now renamed. I've searched through the source file multiple times, and I'm yet to discover the other "definition".

Again, thanks for your help.
01-01-2006
VirtualAce

This is a bad idea:

Code:

int sRand(int HIGH, int LOW);

Since there is a srand() function already in <stdlib.h> it is a very BAD idea to rename that function by simply capitalizing one letter.
You've also changed the whole concept of srand() and so your code is quite confusing to those who understand what the real srand() does.

Quote:

srand
Sets a random starting point.

void srand( unsigned int seed );

Routine Required Header Compatibility
srand <stdlib.h> ANSI, Win 95, Win NT

For additional compatibility information, see Compatibility in the Introduction.

Libraries

LIBC.LIB Single thread static library, retail version
LIBCMT.LIB Multithread static library, retail version
MSVCRT.LIB Import library for MSVCRT.DLL, retail version

Return Value

None

Parameter

seed

Seed for random-number generation

Remarks

The srand function sets the starting point for generating a series of pseudorandom integers. To reinitialize the generator, use 1 as the seed argument. Any other value for seed sets the generator to a random starting point. rand retrieves the pseudorandom numbers that are generated. Calling rand before any call to srand generates the same sequence as calling srand with seed passed as 1.

Example

/* RAND.C: This program seeds the random-number generator
* with the time, then displays 10 random integers.
*/

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>

void main( void )
{
int i;

/* Seed the random-number generator with current time so that
* the numbers will be different every time we run.
*/
srand( (unsigned)time( NULL ) );

/* Display 10 numbers. */
for( i = 0; i < 10;i++ )
printf( " %6d\n", rand() );
}

Output

6929
8026
21987
30734
20587
6699
22034
25051
7988
10104

Floating-Point Support Routine

See Also rand

Code:

int begin_g(); //Used to begin the game, displays a welcome

You don't have to do this but try function names like:

Code:

int BeginGame();

It's far less 'vaccuous' that way.

Code:

int pLx; int pLy; int pHealth;

This is bad for one reason. There is a coding style out there called Hungarian notation and it is a standard by which a variable's data type can be identified by looking at it's name. I don't follow it completely and a lot of Microsoft code looks like a mess because of this practice they adopted, but it has it's uses.
Regardless if you use it or not, sticking a lower case p in front of a variable in Hungarian notation denotes the variable is a pointer.
Someone who reads your code may mistake these variables for pointers later on in the code listing. Bad idea.

Code:

int pLx; //Player Location on the X plane, in the full version, like all other player vars. this var should be placed into a player class int pLy; //see above. int pHealth; //players health, doesn't change

Try this instead so your variables are not just sitting out there floating around with no connection to each other:

Code:

struct Player { int iXPos; int iYPos; int iHealth; };
01-01-2006
Nebbuchadnezzar

Quote:

Originally Posted by Bubba

This is a bad idea:

Code:

int sRand(int HIGH, int LOW);

Since there is a srand() function already in <stdlib.h> it is a very BAD idea to rename that function by simply capitalizing one letter.

Thats the thing you see, I've renamed the function "sRand" to "rRand", but for whatever reason, VC++ still returns the error.

Quote:

Code:

int begin_g(); //Used to begin the game, displays a welcome

You don't have to do this but try function names like:

Code:

int BeginGame();

It's far less 'vaccuous' that way.

Will do, thanks.

Quote:

Try this instead so your variables are not just sitting out there floating around with no connection to each other:

Code:

struct Player { int iXPos; int iYPos; int iHealth; };

Originaly, I was goint to do just that - but didn't think it would be nessescary for a "quick & simple" version - though, I suppose it can't hurt,

Again, thanks for your help!
01-01-2006
VirtualAce

Move away from using sRand or rRand. What do those do? Can you tell what they do just by looking at them? Can you tell they return a random value between LOW and HIGH? No.

Try something like this:

Code:

float GetRandomFloat(); float GetRandomFloatInRange(); float GetRandomFloatEx() int GetRandomInteger(); int GetRandomIntegerInRange() int GetRandomIntegerEx()

Much more obvious as to what they do.
01-02-2006
Nebbuchadnezzar

So, yet again. I've renamed the function - but, I still get the same errors:

Code:

c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(27) : error C2501: 'srand' : missing storage-class or type specifiers c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Vacuus - IFD.cpp(27) : error C2365: 'srand' : redefinition; previous definition was a 'function' c:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio .NET\Vc7\include\stdlib.h(305) : see declaration of 'srand' stdafx.cpp Build log was saved at "file://c:\Documents and Settings\def\My Documents\Visual Studio Projects\Vacuus - IFD\Debug\BuildLog.htm" Vacuus - IFD - 2 error(s), 0 warning(s)

I've tried the same code in Dev-C++, which returns the following:

Code:

25 C:\C++\Vacuus\Demo\main.cpp expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before '(' token 25 C:\C++\Vacuus\Demo\main.cpp expected `,' or `;' before '(' token

On line 25:

Code:

srand((unsigned int)time( NULL ));

I'm absolutley lost to as what is going on here - one complier confuses the code with an older version, the other doesn't understand it?
An out--dated header?

But, again, thanks for all your help.
01-03-2006
Niara

I think that you have missed some '(', ';' (etc... that appears on the compilation results) but not on line 25 because

Code:

srand((unsigned int)time( NULL ));

compiles right. the error sholud be before that code; try to delete that line 25 and compile again. I have had errors like that (the compiler points to a line that is right) and always was because I missed a ';' on la line over the error line, or a '(' on a large phrase where I use lots of '('.
niara
01-04-2006
nvoigt

From your original code, you seem to be calling srand from nowhere. Every function you call, must be called from main or from a subsequent function. You cannot just place a function call anywhere. Put it into main and it will probably work.