1.are windows.h and iostream standard headers?
2.1.How's the hexadecimal escape sequence used?
2.2.is it \xdd or \xnnn? I saw \xdd somewhere, i think a book and \xnnn here
3.is either one of these a better habit when using braces? I'm used to doing the first one:
orCode:int main(){ //having the first bracket here //body... }
4.What's flush do?Code:int main() { //having the first bracket here //body... }
Last edited by h_howee; 12-31-2005 at 06:25 PM. Reason: 4
well they are headers. Depends on what you are programming but if you are doing console apps you will certainly always (i cant think of an exception) iostream. If you need some of the other features included in windows.h like Sleep() and such then you need that too.
Another question i can answer is your last one there, it doesnt matter which way you put it, its a personal preference, i use the second way as do most people, its really up to you so long as the brackets come after the parentheses in main.
Good luck!
1. <iostream> is a standard C++ header. <Windows.h> is a platform specific header for Windows programming, and is not part of standard C++.
3. The bracket placement is a style issue. Pick a style and be consistent, it does not matter which you choose. Make sure you are using the same style as everybody else working on your project.
and how is "hex" used?
Hex is a numbering system (like the commonly used decimal system), that is base 16 instead of base 10.Originally Posted by h_howee
Usually prefixed with a 0x, or suffixed with an 'h', Hex can be used to make binary easier to read:
0x3 is a lot easier to read than the binary version.Code:00000011 //This is 3 in binary 0x3 //3 in Hex
More information can be found here
To code is divine
I don't think you understood correctly, i meant hex as in here and same thing for flush:
does this display i in hexadecimal?Code:cout << hex << i << flush;
assuming you mean ios::hex, then yes that is the C++ way to print i in hex.
how do i change the window buffer size?
I took part of this code from one of the posts and change dit a bit, sometimes it changes the window size, sometimes it changes the screen buffer size:
Code:#include <iostream> #include <windows.h> using namespace std; int main() { HWND hWnd; hWnd = FindWindow(NULL, "test"); HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); COORD NewSBSize = GetLargestConsoleWindowSize(hOut); SMALL_RECT DisplayArea = {0, 0, 0, 0}; for (;;){ cin>>NewSBSize.X>>NewSBSize.Y; DisplayArea.Right = NewSBSize.X - 1; DisplayArea.Bottom = NewSBSize.Y - 1; SetConsoleWindowInfo(hOut, TRUE, &DisplayArea); SetConsoleScreenBufferSize(hOut, NewSBSize); } ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_MAXIMIZE); return 0; }
Ok, i fixed the problem, for some reason it had the same problem as cin.get() where i have to put them in twice...
Last edited by h_howee; 01-05-2006 at 02:25 PM. Reason: problem fixed
>1.are windows.h and iostream standard headers?
Standard for what?windows.h is a standard Win32 API header, and iostream is a standard C++ header.
>2.1.How's the hexadecimal escape sequence used?
\xhh, where h is a hexadecimal digit. The number of digits allowed depends on the size of a character. If CHAR_BIT is 8 then two digits makes sense because the largest value that 8 bits can hold is 0xFF, right?
>3.is either one of these a better habit when using braces?
No, and anyone that tells you otherwise is probably a smidge too stuffy to be any fun.
>4.What's flush do?
Flushing an output stream means dumping the contents of the stream's buffer to the device that the stream writes to. In the case of cout, for instance, flushing guarantees that the output will be written to the screen right then and there instead of when the buffer is filled. A request for input on a stream tied with the output stream will also force a flush, so you don't need to call flush often if you're working with cin and cout. That's one reason people might suggest you use '\n' instead of endl, because endl also flushes the stream, often unnecessarily.
For the nitpickers here, that's assuming that standard output points to a screen.
1) <iostream> is part of the standard C++ library http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2B_standard_library
<windows.h> Part of Microsofts win32 api library http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_API
