Thread: reading bmps

First, search the board this has been asked a lot but not too recently. Second, bmps are stored in binary so your not going to be able to scan through it for values unless a) you have a hex editer and b) you can read hex

I already told you where to find you answer so this is all im going to say: http://cboard.cprogramming.com/search.php?s=

This might help...

Code:

#include <conio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <mem.h>


#define SCREEN_WIDTH  320
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 200
#define NUM_COLORS    256

unsigned char *VGA=(unsigned char *)0xA0000000L;

void setmode(unsigned char mode)
{
  union REGS i, o;

  i.h.ah = 0x00;
  i.h.al = mode;
  int86(16, &i, &o);
}

void setrgbpalette(int n, unsigned char r, unsigned char g, unsigned char b)
   {
   union REGS i, o;
   i.h.ah=0x10;
   i.h.al=0x10;
   i.x.bx=n;
   i.h.dh=r;
   i.h.ch=g;
   i.h.cl=b;
   int86(16, &i, &o);
   }

void putpixel(int x, int y, char c)
   {
   *(VGA+((y<<8)+(y<<6)+x)) = c;
   }

struct Fileheader
   {
   unsigned short Type;
   unsigned long Size;
   unsigned short Reserved1;
   unsigned short Reserved2;
   unsigned long OffBits;
   unsigned long StructSize;
   unsigned long Width;
   unsigned long Height;
   unsigned short Planes;
   unsigned short BitCount;
   unsigned long Compression;
   unsigned long SizeImage;
   long XPelsPerMeter;
   long YPelsPerMeter;
   unsigned long ClrUsed;
   unsigned long ClrImportant;
   Fileheader()
	 {
	 Size=Width=Height=Planes=BitCount=Compression=SizeImage=XPelsPerMeter=
	 YPelsPerMeter=ClrUsed=ClrImportant=Type=StructSize=Reserved1=Reserved2=
	 OffBits=0;
	 }
   };

struct RGBQuad
   {
   unsigned char rgbBlue;
   unsigned char rgbGreen;
   unsigned char rgbRed;
   unsigned char rgbReserved;
   RGBQuad()
	 {
	 rgbBlue = rgbGreen = rgbRed = 0;
	 rgbReserved = 0;
	 }
   };

class Bitmap
   {
   private :
			Fileheader f;
			unsigned char* Bmp;
			RGBQuad Palette[256];
   public  :
			void ReadBitmap(char*);
			void DisplayBitmap(void);
   };



void Bitmap::ReadBitmap(char *file)
{
  FILE *fp;
  unsigned short num_colors;

  if ((fp = fopen(file,"rb")) == NULL)
  {
	printf("Error opening file %s.\n",file);
	exit(1);
  }

  fread(&f, sizeof(Fileheader), 1, fp);

  if (f.ClrUsed==0) num_colors=NUM_COLORS;
  else num_colors=f.ClrUsed;

  if ((Bmp = (unsigned char * ) malloc(sizeof(unsigned char)*(f.Width*f.Height))) == NULL)
  {
	fclose(fp);
	printf("Error allocating memory for file %s.\n",file);
	exit(1);
  }

  for(int i=0; i<num_colors; i++)
	{
	fread(&Palette[i], sizeof(RGBQuad), 1, fp);
	setrgbpalette(i, (Palette[i].rgbRed>>2), (Palette[i].rgbGreen>>2), (Palette[i].rgbBlue>>2));
	}

  for(long j=(f.Height-1)*f.Width; j>=0; j-=f.Width)
	{
	for(int i=0;i<f.Width;i++)
	  *(Bmp+j+i)=fgetc(fp);
	 if(f.Width%4!=0)
	   {
	   for(int x=f.Width%4; x<4; x++)
		   fgetc(fp);
	   }
	}

  fclose(fp);
}

void Bitmap::DisplayBitmap(void)
{
	for(long i=0; i<f.Width; i++)
	 for(int j=0; j<f.Height; j++)
	   putpixel(i, j, *(Bmp+i+j*f.Width));
}

void main()
{
  Bitmap B1;
  char fpath[80];

  clrscr();
  printf("Enter the path: ");
  scanf(" %s", fpath);
  clrscr();

  setmode(0x13);
  B1.ReadBitmap(fpath);

  B1.DisplayBitmap();
  getch();
  setmode(0x03);
}

He who sez it cant be done is done??
Happy Hunting...

O, I forgot, you have to use a 320/200 pixel picture at 256 colors resolution. The file has to be a .bmp. Greater number of colors results in loss of colors in display, and a resolution greater than 320/200 results in a partly displayed picture and an out of memory message when the program exits. I forgot the memory check and it uses a TC++(3.0) compiler and is compatible with Borland 5.0

Applications to load a bmp. Didnt u see the first message???

DOS

1- Search the web for the .bmp "file format". There are sites that have the specifications for how various files are formatted. The bitmap format is relatively simple because there is no compression or other funny stuff. There is a header (the first part of the file) that tells the matrix size, (X x Y) and the color depth... maybe some other stuff... then a series of numbers for the colors (or grey level) for each pixel.

2- Like xds4lx said... Get a hex editor. It will allow you to look at the binary data in the .bmp file (in hex format to make it readable). The hex editor will probably have the option of showing the ASCII character for each hex value. The ASCII view should be helpful in examining the header.

You could do this without the hex editor, but debugging will be much easier it you can see the pixel values.

[EDIT]
A hex editor will allow you to change pixel values too. This way you could change a pixel to a known value (i.e. FF, FF, FF) with the hex editor, and then read it back with your program.

[EDIT AGAIN]
I re-read your question, and maybe you aren't writing a program to do this. Maybe ALL you need is a hex editor... But, it might get tricky figuring-out which which pixel you are looking at after the first few... Hmmm... You might have to do some calculations... 'shouldn't be too bad, 'cause the hex editor should will show the byte position for each hex value.