please help me debug

[rip1968]

Here is a list of the errors and the code afterward.
If we can figure out the first errors the other error is just the same thing.

Borland C++ 5.5.1 for Win32 Copyright (c) 1993, 2000 Borland
vector.cpp:
Error E2061 vector.cpp 36: Friends must be functions or classes
Error E2139 vector.cpp 36: Declaration missing ;
Error E2321 vector.cpp 37: Declaration does not specify a tag or an identifier
Error E2061 vector.cpp 37: Friends must be functions or classes
Error E2139 vector.cpp 37: Declaration missing ;
Error E2321 vector.cpp 38: Declaration does not specify a tag or an identifier
*** 6 errors in Compile ***

//vector.cpp example 10.11 pg 446 C++ primer plus
#ifndef _VECTOR_CPP_
#define _VECTOR_CPP_

class Vector
{
	private:
		double x;
		double y;
		double mag;			//magnitude, length of vector
		double ang;			//direction of vector
		char mode;			// 'r'=rectangular, 'p'=polar
		// private methods for setting values
		void set_mag();
		void set_ang();
		void set_x();
		void set_y();

	public:
		Vector();
		Vector(double n1, double n2, char form='r');
		void set(double n1,double n2, char form='r');
		~Vector();
		double xval() const {return x;}				// inline return x val
		double yval() const {return y;}
		double magval() const {return mag;}
		double angval() const {return ang;}
		void polar_mode();
		void rect_mode();
		// operator overloading
		Vector operator+(const Vector & b) const;
		Vector operator-(const Vector & b) const;
		Vector operator-() const;
		Vector operator*(double n) const;
		// friends
		friend vector operator*(double n, const Vector & a);    // errors start here
		friend ostream & operator<<(ostream & os,const Vector & v);
};
#endif

[Unregistered]

can you post the definitions of the friend functions? They might be the cause...

[rip1968]

Here is the declaration of the friend functions taken from a larger file.

// friend methods
// multply n by vector a
Vector operator*(double n, const Vector & a)
{
	return a*n;
}

//display rectangular coordinates if mode is 'r',
//else display polar coordinates if mode is 'p'

ostream & operator<<(ostream & os, const Vector & v)
{
	if (v.mode=='r')
		os << "(x,y) = (" <<v.x << "," << v.y<<")";
	else if (v.mode=='p')
	{
		os << "(m,a) = ("<<v.mag << ","<<v.ang*Rad_to_deg<<")";
	}
	else
		os << "Vector object mode is invalid";
	return os;
}

[rip1968]

I have narrowed it down to three errors:
C:\Documents and Settings\rippascal\src>bcc32 vector.cpp
Borland C++ 5.5.1 for Win32 Copyright (c) 1993, 2000 Borland
vector.cpp:
Error E2061 vector.cpp 37: Friends must be functions or classes
Error E2139 vector.cpp 37: Declaration missing ;
Error E2321 vector.cpp 38: Declaration does not specify a tag or an identifier
*** 3 errors in Compile ***

//vector.cpp example 10.11 pg 446 C++ primer plus
#ifndef _VECTOR_CPP_
#define _VECTOR_CPP_

class Vector
{
	private:
		double x;
		double y;
		double mag;			//magnitude, length of vector
		double ang;			//direction of vector
		char mode;			// 'r'=rectangular, 'p'=polar
		// private methods for setting values
		void set_mag();
		void set_ang();
		void set_x();
		void set_y();

	public:
		Vector();
		Vector(double n1, double n2, char form='r');
		void set(double n1,double n2, char form='r');
		~Vector();
		double xval() const {return x;}				// inline return x val
		double yval() const {return y;}
		double magval() const {return mag;}
		double angval() const {return ang;}
		void polar_mode();
		void rect_mode();
		// operator overloading
		Vector operator+(const Vector & b) const;
		Vector operator-(const Vector & b) const;
		Vector operator-() const;
		Vector operator*(double n) const;
		// friends
		friend Vector operator*(double n, const Vector & a);// here was one error had to capitoliz vector
		friend ostream & operator<<(ostream & os,const Vector & v);// last remaing error here

};
#endif

[Unregistered]

sorry, still cant see it. I would check through either side of the friend function definitions, because the missing ; error can sometimes occur in the wrong files, eg when you miss it off from a class declaration.

Also try looking at what you have changed to get rid of the first set of errors, they look like the same problem in 2 places - one of which you have eradicated somehow.

Good luck.....

[rip1968]

The compiler that comes with dev c++ gave me different error messages that allowed me to fix the first error.

Executing g++.exe...
g++.exe "C:\Documents and Settings\rippascal\src\vector.cpp" -o "C:\Documents and Settings\rippascal\src\vector.exe" -s -I"C:\Dev-C++\include" -I"C:\Dev-C++\include\g++-3" -I"C:\Dev-C++\include" -L"C:\Dev-C++\lib"
Execution terminated
C:\Documents and Settings\rippascal\src\vector.cpp:37: ANSI C++ forbids declaration `ostream' with no type
C:\Documents and Settings\rippascal\src\vector.cpp:37: `ostream' is neither function nor method; cannot be declared friend
C:\Documents and Settings\rippascal\src\vector.cpp:37: parse error before `&'
0

This code is directly from the book. The problem I am having is the main thrust of this chapter overloading (in this case the ostream oprator cout and >>) and the use of friend functions. I don't want to move on w/o understanding how to do this and get it working.

[rip1968]

I changed the extension of my header file from cpp to hpp and now I get only one error that is differnt than before.

C:\Documents and Settings\rippascal\src>bcc32 randwalk.cpp vectorf.cpp vector.hp
p
Borland C++ 5.5.1 for Win32 Copyright (c) 1993, 2000 Borland
randwalk.cpp:
vectorf.cpp:
vector.hpp:
Error E2141 vector.hpp 5: Declaration syntax error
*** 1 errors in Compile ***

Here is the code again

//vector.cpp example 10.11 pg 446 C++ primer plus
#ifndef _VECTOR_HPP_
#define _VECTOR_HPP_

class Vector  // syntax error here ????
{
	private:
		double x;
		double y;
		double mag;			//magnitude, length of vector
		double ang;			//direction of vector
		char mode;			// 'r'=rectangular, 'p'=polar
		// private methods for setting values
		void set_mag();
		void set_ang();
		void set_x();
		void set_y();

	public:
		Vector();
		Vector(double n1, double n2, char form='r');
		void set(double n1,double n2, char form='r');
		~Vector();
		double xval() const {return x;}				// inline return x val
		double yval() const {return y;}
		double magval() const {return mag;}
		double angval() const {return ang;}
		void polar_mode();
		void rect_mode();
		// operator overloading
		Vector operator+(const Vector & b) const;
		Vector operator-(const Vector & b) const;
		Vector operator-() const;
		Vector operator*(double n) const;
		// friends
		friend Vector operator*(double n, const Vector & a);
		friend ostream & operator<<(ostream & os,const Vector & v);
};
#endif

[rip1968]

I got the program to compile in Dev C++ but I still don't understand why it doesnt work using the borland campiler maybe it has somthing to do with the order I listed the files when I told it to compile them.

Still a newbie bit at least I can move on