First off, I'm a C++ novice.
I've been wondering what the difference is (in the coding) between programs that run in the console, and programs that have a user interface. For example, a calculating program in the console that prompts for a number, then an operation, then another number, versus the Windows Calculator, which has a simple interface for ease. I assume they do the same things behind the scenes, and figured that they were coded similarly.
How does a program go from running in the console to being controlled by a user interface?