Originally Posted by C++ Standard Section 4.7
An rvalue of an integer type can be converted to an rvalue of another integer type. An rvalue of an enumeration type can be converted to an rvalue of an integer type.
If the destination type is unsigned, the resulting value is the least unsigned integer congruent to the source integer (modulo 2n where n is the number of bits used to represent the unsigned type). [Note: In a two's complement representation, this conversion is conceptual and there is no change in the bit pattern (if there is no truncation). ]
If the destination type is signed, the value is unchanged if it can be represented in the destination type (and bit-field width); otherwise, the value is implementation-defined.
If the destination type is bool, see 4.12. If the source type is bool, the value false is converted to zero and the value true is converted to one.
The conversions allowed as integral promotions are excluded from the set of integral conversions.