Thread: Trouble with DMA Segmentation Faults

This is my first time using dynamic memory allocation, and I've been having some problems with segmentation faults being thrown in my current program when I start calling different functions repeatedly (it is a simple e-mail database that prints, search, adds, deletes, etc, but when I say...print, add, delete, and then call search, search will throw a fault, whereas if I call search from the beginning, it runs without a glitch). Anyone have any clue what the problem is? I think it might have something to do with passing the mail structure pointer or perhaps freeing memory (if I run several functions many times, the numbers stored in each entry in the mail pointer array start getting weird), but I've tried everything and am stumped.

In addition, I'm having trouble getting the sort function to work. I'm pretty sure the algorithm is correct, as it's simple bubblesort, and I've tested it with structures in main before, but for some reason, it refuses to sort correctly here. It doesn't seem to recognize and switch things correctly, though it loops all the way through. Again, any help would be appreciated. I'm a bit desperate at this point, as I've tried everything.

Code:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int size = 0;

// Mail structure to store each e-mail's information
struct mail {
    int timeindex;
    char month[4];
    int date;
    char *email;
    int msgsize;
    char *subject;
};

// Prints out e-mails in order currently stored in pointer 
void print(struct mail * m1)
{
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i < size; i++)
    {
	printf("%3d ", i + 1);
	printf("%s ", (m1 + i) -> month);
	printf("%d ", (m1 + i) -> date);
	printf("%s ", (m1 + i) -> email);
	printf("%d ", (m1 + i) -> msgsize);
	printf("%s\n", (m1 + i) -> subject);
    }
}

// Sorts emails in ascending order by received time, sender, or message size
void sort(struct mail * m1)
{
    int choice, i, pos;
    struct mail key;

    printf("***Sort Menu***\n");
    printf("1. Sort by received time\n");
    printf("2. Sort by sender\n");
    printf("3. Sort by size\n");

    // Read in user choice
    do {
	printf("Please enter your choice (1-3): ");
	scanf("%d", &choice);
    } while(choice < 1 || choice > 3);

    // Sort in ascending order by time message was received
    if(choice == 1)
    {
	for(i = 0; i < size; i++)
	{
	    for(pos = i; pos < size; pos++)
	    {
		if((m1 + i) -> timeindex > (m1 + pos) -> timeindex)
		{
		    key = *(m1 + i);
		    *(m1 + i) = *(m1 + pos);
		    *(m1 + pos) = key;
		}
	    }
	} 
    }

    // Sort alphabetically by sender e-mail 
    else if(choice == 2)
    {
	for(i = 0; i < size; i++)
	{
	    for(pos = 0; pos < size; i++)
	    {
		if(strcmp((m1 + i) -> email, (m1 + pos) -> email) > 0)
		{
		    key = *(m1 + i);
		    *(m1 + i) = *(m1 + pos);
		    *(m1 + pos) = key;
		}
	    }
	}

    }

    // Sort in ascending order by message size
    else if(choice == 3)
    {
	for(i = 0; i < size; i++)
	{
	    for(pos = i; pos < size; pos++);
	    {
		if((m1 + i) -> msgsize > (m1 + pos) -> msgsize)
		{
		    key = *(m1 + i);
		    *(m1 + i) = *(m1 + pos);
		    *(m1 + pos) = key;
		}
	    }
	}
    }
}

void add(struct mail * m1)
{
    int i, space, check = 0;
    int dtemp, stemp;
    char ch, mtemp[4];
    char *sendtemp = malloc(20 * sizeof(char));
    char *subtemp = malloc(300 * sizeof(char));
    struct mail * m1temp;

    // Read in month (must be legal three-letter abbreviation)
    do {
	printf("the month the message is received (format: mmm): ");
	scanf("%s", mtemp);
    } while(strcmp(mtemp, "Jan") != 0 && strcmp(mtemp, "Feb") != 0 && 
	    strcmp(mtemp, "Mar") != 0 && strcmp(mtemp, "Apr") != 0 && 
	    strcmp(mtemp, "May") != 0 && strcmp(mtemp, "Jun") != 0 && 
	    strcmp(mtemp, "Jul") != 0 && strcmp(mtemp, "Aug") != 0 && 
	    strcmp(mtemp, "Sep") != 0 && strcmp(mtemp, "Oct") != 0 && 
	    strcmp(mtemp, "Nov") != 0 && strcmp(mtemp, "Dec") != 0);

    // Read in date (must be 1 through 31)
    do {
	printf("the day the message is received (format: d or dd): ");
	scanf("%d", &dtemp);
    } while(dtemp < 1 || dtemp > 31);

    // Read in size of message (must be positive integer)
    do {
	printf("the size of the message (format: integer): ");
	scanf("%d", &stemp);
    } while(stemp < 0);

    // Read in sender e-mail (must be single string, no spaces)
    do {
	space = 0;
	printf("the sender of the message (format: no spacing): ");
	scanf("%s", sendtemp);

        // Check to make sure entry is only one string
	while(getchar() != '\n')
	    space++;
    } while(space > 0);

    // Read in subject title character by character into a pointer string
    i = 0;
    printf("the subject of the message (format: no restriction): ");
    ch = getchar();
    while(ch != '\n')
    {
	*(subtemp + i) = ch;
	i++;
	ch = getchar();
    }

    // Check to make sure entry is not identical to another entry in database
    for(i = 0; i < size; i++)
    {
	if(strcmp(mtemp, (m1 + i) -> month) == 0 && 
	   dtemp == (m1 + i) -> date && 
	   stemp == (m1 + i) -> msgsize && 
	   strcmp(sendtemp, (m1 + i) -> email) == 0 && 
	   strcmp(subtemp, (m1 + i) -> subject) == 0)
	    check = 1;
    }

    // If entry is not identical, add to end of database and update size
    if(check == 0)
    {
	m1 = (struct mail *) realloc(m1, (size + 1) * sizeof(m1temp));
	(m1 + size) -> timeindex = size + 1;
	for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
	    (m1 + size) -> month[i] = mtemp[i];
	(m1 + size) -> date = dtemp;
	(m1 + size) -> msgsize = stemp;
	(m1 + size) -> email = sendtemp;
	(m1 + size) -> subject = subtemp;
	size++;
	printf("The message has been added successfully.\n");
    }
    // If entry already in database, print out failure message
    else
	printf("Message add fails. The message exists in the database.\n");
}

void delete(struct mail * m1)
{
    int i, index;
    // Read in index for deletion
    do {
        printf("Enter the index of the message to delete (1 to %d): ", 
	       size);
        scanf("%d", &index);
    } while(index < 1 || index > size);

    // Shift all entries after index to the left by one
    for(i = index - 1; i < size - 1; i++)
	*(m1 + i) = *(m1 + i + 1);

    // Free last memory location and update size
    free(m1 + size - 1);
    size--;

    printf("Message has been deleted successfully. ");
    printf("There are %d messages left.\n", size);
}

void search(struct mail * m1)
{
    char *s1;
    int i, k, check, count = 0;
    printf("Enter the keyword that you want to search: ");
    scanf("%s", s1);

    // Loop through entire e-mail database pointer array    
    for(i = 0; i < size; i++)
    {
	check = 0;
	k = 0;

        // While current entry's subject is not at end of string, compare each
        // individual word to the keyword
	while((m1 + i) -> subject[k] != '\0')
	{
	    int j = 0;
            // Increment indices while characters in both strings are equal 
            // and not at end of subject string
	    while(s1[j] == (m1 + i) -> subject[k] && 
		  (m1 + i) -> subject[k] != '\0')
	    {
		j++;
		k++;
	    }

            // If length of keyword is equal to j (all characters of word 
            // match) and it is the end of the currently checked word in 
            // entry's subject string, increment check
	    if(strlen(s1) == j && ((m1 + i) -> subject[k] == ' ' || 
				   (m1 + i) -> subject[k] == '\0'))
		check++;

            // Increment subject index until beginning of next word in string
	    while((m1 + i) -> subject[k] != ' ' && 
		  (m1 + i) -> subject[k] != '\0')
		k++;
	    if((m1 + i) -> subject[k] == ' ')
		k++;
	}

        // If check is larger than 1, print out entry keyword was in
	if(check > 0)
	{
	    printf("%3d ", i + 1);
	    printf("%s ", (m1 + i) -> month);
	    printf("%d ", (m1 + i) -> date);
	    printf("%s ", (m1 + i) -> email);
	    printf("%d ", (m1 + i) -> msgsize);
	    printf("%s\n", (m1 + i) -> subject);
	    count++;
	}
    }

    // If keyword not found in any entries, print out keyword not found
    if(count == 0)
	printf("Keyword %s not found.\n", s1);
}

// Print leave message and exit out of program
void leave()
{
    printf("Thanks for using the ENEE 114 Email Database.\n");
    printf("Goodbye!\n");
    exit(0);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int i, choice;
    char ch, temp;
    FILE *input;
    struct mail *m1, m2;

    // Allocate dynamic memory for mail pointer array
    m1 = (struct mail *) malloc(sizeof(m2));

    // If not enough arguments in command line, print out error
    if(argc != 2)
    {
	printf("Usage: executable input_file\n");
	exit(0);
    }

    input = fopen(argv[1], "r");

    // Check to make sure input file opened correctly
    if(input == NULL)
    {
	printf("File %s cannot open!\n", argv[1]);
	exit(0);
    }

    // Store input file e-mail information into mail database pointer array
    while(fscanf(input, "%c", &temp) != EOF)
    {
	i = 0;

        // Store time index to indicate when message was added
	(m1 + size) -> timeindex = size + 1;

        // Store month abbreviation in character by character
	(m1 + size) -> month[0] = temp;
	fscanf(input, "%c", &((m1 + size) -> month[1]));
	fscanf(input, "%c", &((m1 + size) -> month[2]));
	(m1 + size) -> month[3] = '\0';

        // Store date in
	fscanf(input, "%d", &((m1 + size) -> date));

        // Allocate memory for e-mail string and store string
	(m1 + size) -> email = malloc(20 * sizeof(char));
	fscanf(input, "%s", (m1 + size) -> email);

        // Store message size in
	fscanf(input, "%d", &((m1 + size) -> msgsize));

        // Skip blank space
	fscanf(input, "%c", &ch);

        // Allocate memory for subject string and store in character by 
        // character until at end of current line
	(m1 + size) -> subject = malloc(300 * sizeof(char));
	while(fscanf(input, "%c", &ch) != EOF && ch != '\n')
	{
	    *((m1 + size) -> subject + i) = ch;
	    i++;
	}

        // Update size and reallocate mail pointer to larger memory location
	size++;
	m1 = (struct mail *) realloc(m1, (size + 1) * sizeof(m2));
    }

    // Display menu and call appropriate function for entered choice
    printf("Welcome to ENEE 114 Email Database\n");
    do {
        printf("***Main Menu***\n");
        printf("1. Print\n");
        printf("2. Sort\n");
        printf("3. Add Message\n");
        printf("4. Delete Message\n");
        printf("5. Keyword Search\n");
        printf("6. Exit\n");
        printf("\nPlease enter your choice (1-6): ");
	scanf("%d", &choice);

	switch(choice)
	{
	    case 1: print(m1); break;
	    case 2: sort(m1); break;
	    case 3: add(m1); break;
	    case 4: delete(m1); break;
	    case 5: search(m1); break;
	    default: leave(); break;
	}
    } while(choice != 6);

    free(m1);
    free(m2);
    fclose(input);

    return 0;
}