Thread: Functions in C...

Hey peeps.... having a little trouble with functions. I have a couple of good books but they go onto strings and strctures and other wierd stuff before they move to functions and I get confused looking at the code.... What I want to ask is:

How do you define a function in your main prog?

When you call a program does the main program give info to it, or does it take info?

Same as above for argument.

How do you call a function?

Where do you place the function in your code? Before or after you start your program? Does it matter?

And finally, is this the right way to start a function?

ret_type functname(argument)

TIA... I read the tutorial but I don't really get it...

How do you define a function in your main prog?

You declare it just as you stated below:
ret_type functname(argument); This is the function prototype.

When you call a program does the main program give info to it, or does it take info?

Not sure what you're trying to ask here.

How do you call a function?

You just call your function w/ your arguments. As long as your function has been defined before it is called just like using a variable.

Where do you place the function in your code? Before or after you start your program? Does it matter?

You can place the function before or after main depending on your preferences. Usually if you place it before, you do not have to define the function prototype. However, you must order your functions in a manner such that you define them before you call them. Personally, I place my functions after main and therefore, forcing myself to define them above the main.

And finally, is this the right way to start a function?

ret_type functname(argument)
{
// place code here
}

Thanks a lot, to you both...

Sorry to bother you all again... I keep on forgetting everything-and sometimes I just can't understand and keep on getting confused!

How do I call a function that has a ret type and takes an argument of ints? Let's call the ints x, and y. Please just give me an example...

How do I pass a value (like ints or floats) to a function? How does it work? Can someone give me an example?

And now for my damned homework. Need to create a program that takes two values, multiplies them, then takes the product and asks you to put in another number to multiply your product with, until you tell it to stop. Here's my attempt so far... I have my idea of how to do it but my functions and all that is a mess... I also put in some unfinished gotos so don't bother with those... but how can I implement my function where I want to?

Code:

float calc(float);
void main()

{

	float x, y, z, prod1, prod2, prod_main, res;
	int optn1, input;
	printf("Please enter two values here");
	scanf("%f %f", &x &y);
	prod1=x*y;
	printf("\nYour product is %f . If you would like to continue, press "1" key on your keyboard.", prod1);
	printf("\nIf you want to stop, press the "2" key on your keyboard.");
	scanf(" %d ", &input);

		
		switch(input)
	
		{

			case 1: calc();
			break;

			case 2: //goto(end of program)
			

			default: printf("\nInvalid Choice! Please pick either 1 or 2!");
			

		}


	
	printf("Please enter a number to multiply your sum with");
	scanf(" %f ", &z);

	//call program, PASS z and prod1 to function, function returns prod_main
	calc(z, prod1);
	//call program, get prod_main from function

	prod_main=res;

	printf("Your product is %f .If you would like to continue, press "1" key on your keyboard.", res);
	printf("\nIf you want to stop, press the "2" key on your keyboard.");


	prod1=ret_val;


	goto(the printf that tells you your product);

	//specify this place for the switch-case goto

	

	getch();

}
	
//Let's declare our program

float calc(float cvar1, cvar2);

   {
	float ret_val;
	ret_val=cvar1*cvar2

	return(ret_val);

   }

I haven't tried to compile it yet-and I also wanted to know: If the float I defined as ret_val is in the function, will it only work in the function program? Not in my main program? Please help... I'm confused to hell on this one and I can't take it nomore.

Update... I can't the program to compile- here's the error.

calcprog.c(42): E2226 Extra parameter in call to calc

It's where I have prod_main=calc(prod1, z);

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

float calc(float);
void main()

{

	float x, y, z, prod1, prod2, prod_main, res;
	int optn1, input;
	printf("Please enter two values here, seperated by spaces:  ");
	scanf("%f %f", &x, &y);
	prod1=x*y;
 	printf("\nYour product is %f .", prod1);
        printf("If you would like to continue,\n press the 1 key on your keyboard.");
	printf("\nIf you want to stop, press the 2 key on your keyboard.");
        
	scanf("%d", &input);

		
        cloop: switch(input)
	
		{

			case 1: goto functn;
			break;

			case 2: goto endprog;
			

			default: printf("\nInvalid Choice! Please pick either 1 or 2!");
			         goto cloop;

		}

                  clrscr();
	
functn:	printf("Please enter a number to multiply your sum with");
	scanf(" %f ", &z);


	prod_main=calc(prod1, z);	//PASS z and prod1 to function, function returns  to  prod_main
                        //"ret_val" int RETURNED from CALC to PROD_MAIN. Yeah.
	

	printf("\nYour product is %f .", prod_main);
        printf("If you would like to continue,\n press the 1 key on your keyboard.");
	printf("\nIf you want to stop, press the 2 key on your keyboard.");




	goto cloop;

 endprog: printf("Press any key to exit.");

 getch();


}
	
//Let's declare our program

float calc(float cvar1, float cvar2)


   {
   
	float ret_val;
	ret_val=cvar1*8;

	return(ret_val);

   }

Thanks for the help...'ppreciate it

Hammer, you sent the value of ten to f... I want two send to vars, like example:

float calc(x, y);

When I do that I get an error in the compiler... but it works fine with one... so I how do I send two values to the function?

Forget it, figured it out... s0rry for botherin yA.