This seems to work. I started with your code but tried to simplify it, to my eyes at least, and debug it. I can't remember all that I changed but maybe you can compare it to yours to see the difference. I haven't actually run it on that site, though, so let me know if it even works! I also removed the free as a bit of an "optimization" (maybe) since the system will clean up the memory for you.
Code:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main() {
int n;
scanf("%d", &n);
long long v, *values = malloc(n * sizeof *values);
scanf("%lld", &values[0]);
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%lld", &v);
values[i] = values[i - 1] + v;
}
long long best = values[0];
for (int j = 2, step = 2; j < n; j += step) {
best += values[j] - values[j - step];
step++;
}
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
long long sum = values[i] - values[i - 1];
for (int j = i + 2, step = 2; j < n; j += step) {
sum += values[j] - values[j - step];
step++;
}
if (sum > best)
best = sum;
}
printf("%lld\n", best);
return 0;
}