Thread: malloc ,calloc code problem..

  1. #1
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    malloc ,calloc code problem..

    Code:
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h> 
    /* required for the malloc, calloc and free functions */
    
    int main() {
      float *calloc1, *calloc2, *malloc1, *malloc2;
      int i;
    
      calloc1 = calloc(3, sizeof(float)); /* might need to cast */ 
      calloc2 = calloc(3, sizeof(float));
      malloc1 = malloc(3 * sizeof(float));
      malloc2 = malloc(3 * sizeof(float));
    
    if(calloc1!=NULL && calloc2!=NULL && malloc1!=NULL && malloc2!=NULL) {
    
        for(i=0 ; i<3 ; i++) {
          printf("calloc1[&#37;d] holds %05.5f, ", i, calloc1[i]);
          printf("malloc1[%d] holds %05.5f\n", i, malloc1[i]);
          printf("calloc2[%d] holds %05.5f, ", i, *(calloc2+i));
          printf("malloc2[%d] holds %05.5f\n", i, *(malloc2+i));
        }
    
        free(calloc1);
        free(calloc2);
        free(malloc1);
        free(malloc2);
    
        return 0;
      }
      else {
        printf("Not enough memory\n");
        return 1;
      }
    }
    
    Output:
    calloc1[0] holds 0.00000, malloc1[0] holds -431602080.00000
    calloc2[0] holds 0.00000, malloc2[0] holds -431602080.00000
    calloc1[1] holds 0.00000, malloc1[1] holds -431602080.00000
    calloc2[1] holds 0.00000, malloc2[1] holds -431602080.00000
    calloc1[2] holds 0.00000, malloc1[2] holds -431602080.00000
    calloc2[2] holds 0.00000, malloc2[2] holds -431602080.00000

    at first they build 4 pointers
    each one of them points to the start of a sector whose size is 3 float variables.

    then the print some how
    calloc1[i] should return only the address

    *(calloc2+i) should return the data inside the address

    but they get similar output

    i cant understand these printf lines

    ??

  2. #2
    and the hat of int overfl Salem's Avatar
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    calloc1[i] and *(calloc1 + i) are essentially saying the same thing.

    Both return the contents of the i'th floating point value from the start of the memory specified by the pointer.
    If you dance barefoot on the broken glass of undefined behaviour, you've got to expect the occasional cut.
    If at first you don't succeed, try writing your phone number on the exam paper.

  3. #3
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    no

    calloc will return the first cell

    celloc[i] will not

  4. #4
    Banned master5001's Avatar
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    No. *(calloc1 + 1) is the same as calloc1[i]. Please do not argue with senior members who are not incorrect.

  5. #5
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    there is no array called calloc1[i]

  6. #6
    Banned master5001's Avatar
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    Code:
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h> 
    /* required for the malloc, calloc and free functions */
    
    int main() {
      float *calloc1, *calloc2, *malloc1, *malloc2;
      int i;
    
      calloc1 = calloc(3, sizeof(float)); /* might need to cast */ 
      calloc2 = calloc(3, sizeof(float));
      malloc1 = malloc(3 * sizeof(float));
      malloc2 = malloc(3 * sizeof(float));
    
    if(calloc1!=NULL && calloc2!=NULL && malloc1!=NULL && malloc2!=NULL) {
    
        for(i=0 ; i<3 ; i++) {
          printf("calloc1[&#37;d] holds %05.5f, ", i, calloc1[i]);
          printf("malloc1[%d] holds %05.5f\n", i, malloc1[i]);
          printf("calloc2[%d] holds %05.5f, ", i, *(calloc2+i));
          printf("malloc2[%d] holds %05.5f\n", i, *(malloc2+i));
        }
    
        free(calloc1);
        free(calloc2);
        free(malloc1);
        free(malloc2);
    
        return 0;
      }
      else {
        printf("Not enough memory\n");
        return 1;
      }
    }

  7. #7
    Banned master5001's Avatar
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    Please do not argue with two senior members.

  8. #8
    and the Hat of Guessing tabstop's Avatar
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    More to the point, still, is do not argue with (senior) members who are not incorrect.

    And again, [] dereferences for free and without charge. Think about all the arrays you've ever used: you didn't want score[5] to be a pointer to a score, you wanted it to be a score itself.

  9. #9
    Algorithm Dissector iMalc's Avatar
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    This may surprise you but:
    a[b] is exactly the same as *(a + b), which is the same as *(b + a), which is the same as b[a].

    So in your case, the below four expressions are identical:
    Code:
    *(malloc2+i)
    *(i+malloc2)
    malloc2[i]
    i[malloc2]
    My homepage
    Advice: Take only as directed - If symptoms persist, please see your debugger

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  10. #10
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    calloc1[i] wasnt declared as an array

    i see here only calloc1 which points at the
    start of a sector whose size is 3 float variables.

  11. #11
    and the Hat of Guessing tabstop's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by transgalactic2 View Post
    calloc1[i] wasnt declared as an array

    i see here only calloc1 which points at the
    start of a sector whose size is 3 float variables.
    It does not have array type, true. What that has to do with [i] at the end of it, we're not sure. You can stick [i] at the end of any pointer.

  12. #12
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    ok but
    *(malloc1+i) will return the content of address "i"

    but
    malloc1[i] will return the address "i" itself

    they are not the same

  13. #13
    and the hat of int overfl Salem's Avatar
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    > i see here only calloc1 which points at the
    > start of a sector whose size is 3 float variables.
    OK, so how do YOU propose to get to the 2nd and 3rd ones then (or even the first)?
    If you dance barefoot on the broken glass of undefined behaviour, you've got to expect the occasional cut.
    If at first you don't succeed, try writing your phone number on the exam paper.

  14. #14
    and the Hat of Guessing tabstop's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by transgalactic2 View Post
    ok but
    *(malloc1+i) will return the content of address "i"

    but
    malloc1[i] will return the address "i" itself

    they are not the same
    And again, in caps and bold so maybe you'll read it this time, USING BRACKETS AND AN INDEX WILL DEREFERENCE (GIVE THE VALUE POINTED TO), NOT THE ADDRESS ITSELF.

    *(malloc1+i) and malloc1[i] are DEFINED TO BE EXACTLY THE SAME THING.

    Better?

  15. #15
    and the hat of int overfl Salem's Avatar
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    I'm beginning to smell troll here....

    *(malloc1+i) will return the content of address "i"
    but
    malloc1[i] will return the address "i" itself

    WRONG - they're the same damn thing.

    And neither of them have anything to do with the address of i

    malloc1 is the address
    malloc1[0] is the contents of the first address
    malloc1[1] is the contents of the second address
    *(malloc1+1) is the same as malloc1[1] only written differently
    malloc1[i] is the contents of the i'th address.
    If you dance barefoot on the broken glass of undefined behaviour, you've got to expect the occasional cut.
    If at first you don't succeed, try writing your phone number on the exam paper.

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