Very quick, easy question

What does x++ mean exactly? The effect it has seems to be to add one to x, but I don't know if that's its only use.

Code:

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for ( int x = 0; x < 10; x++ ) {
etc...

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That is same like x = x +1

So "++" is exactly the same as "+ 1" in all circumstances?

No, it isn't. For example, take the following statements:

Code:

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int x = 1;
int a = (x = x + 1);

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and

Code:

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int x = 1;
int b = x++;

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In both cases, x will be 2 at the end of exection, but in the first example, a will have a value of 2, because it evaluates (x=x+1) first, and then assigns the value of x to a. In the second example, b will have the value of 1, because it assigns the value of x to b, and then adds 1 to x.

Code:

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                int i3 = 1;
        cout << i3++ << endl;
        cout << i3 << endl;
        i3 = 1;
        cout << ++i3 << endl;
        cout << i3 << endl;

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This is where these make a difference.

More concisely(I think).

x++ does indeed mean x+1, however its the order that matters.

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Example:

++x means, immediately increment x and use it as it was modified

x++ means, use x now and then increment it

Code:

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int x = 1;       
int b = x++;    // b = 1, x = 2  (postfix, increment after assignment)
int c = ++x;    // c = 3, x = 3  (prefix,  increment before assignment)

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Code:

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int x = 10;       
int b = x--;    // b = 10, x = 9  (postfix, decrement after assignment)
int c = --x;    // c = 8, x = 8  (prefix,  decrement before assignment)

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x++ is equivalent to something, it's just that it's

Code:

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x++    <->    (x = x + 1, x - 1)
++x    <->    (x = x + 1)
x--    <->    (x = x - 1, x + 1)
--x    <->    (x = x - 1)

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Note that the comma operator evaluates the expression on the left, then evaluates the expression on the right, and returns that value.

>So "++" is exactly the same as "+ 1" in all circumstances?
x++ and ++x have the same effect as x = x + 1...until you put them in a more complex expression. Once you do that, you can read ++x and x++ as "Oh my god! I just had demons fly out my nose!". That should protect you until you know better. ;)

>"Oh my god! I just had demons fly out my nose!"
Thanks a lot, Prelude. Milk just flew outta my nose... *cries*

I have yet to proclaim "Oh my god! I just had demons fly out my nose!" I guess I am not pre and post incrementing correctly then :).

Anyway as for the OP I think he has enough answers to repel those demons from flying out his nose for the time being.