Optimization.

I am trying to write a combat.. module, I guess would be the word.. that will be able to be 100% stand-alone, not needing any global variables or anything else of that nature - EG, could be included in a header file.

The problem. I wrote a program (this happened to just be a test), but I ended up with some global variables no matter what I tried to do. I was wondering if I could get some help / advice in how to keep everything self-contained and accessable to everything.

Thank you in advance.

Code:

---

#include <iostream>
#include <ctime> // For srand(time(NULL))
#include <windows.h> // For Sleep()

class Creature
{
        public:
                Creature();
                ~Creature();
                int GetStat(char* stat);
                int SetStat(char* stat, int value);
               
        private:
                int HP;
                int MP;
                int DMG;
                int DEF;
                int Armor;
                int Dodge;
};

Creature::Creature()
{
        HP = 10;
        MP = 10;
        DMG = 6;
        DEF = 6;
        Armor = 0;
        Dodge = 1;
}

Creature::~Creature() {}

Creature::GetStat(char* stat)
{
        if (strcmp(stat, "HP") == 0) return(HP);
        else if (strcmp(stat, "MP") == 0) return(MP);
        else if (strcmp(stat, "DMG") == 0) return(DMG);
        else if (strcmp(stat, "DEF") == 0) return(DEF);
        else if (strcmp(stat, "Armor") == 0) return(Armor);
        else if (strcmp(stat, "Dodge") == 0) return(Dodge);
}

Creature::SetStat(char* stat, int value)
{
        if (strcmp(stat, "HP") == 0) HP = value;
        else if (strcmp(stat, "MP") == 0) MP = value;
        else if (strcmp(stat, "DMG") == 0) DMG = value;
        else if (strcmp(stat, "DEF") == 0) DEF = value;
        else if (strcmp(stat, "Armor") == 0) Armor = value;
        else if (strcmp(stat, "Dodge") == 0) Dodge = value;
       
        return(0);
}

// Globals

int Attack(int target);
int fight();

Creature play; // Needed because more than one function accesses the class?
Creature enemy; // Needed because more than one function accesses the class?

int turn = 1; // Needed because you can't pass a value back to main() to pass back to another function?
int dead = 0; // Needed because this is read by more than one function, can't pass back to main()?

int main()
{       
        std::cout << "The fight will continue until one of the two are dead.\n\n";
       
        enemy.SetStat("HP", 12);
       
        while ((dead != 1) && (dead != -1))
        {
                fight();
                srand(time(NULL));
                Sleep(rand()%500);
        }
       
        if (dead == -1) std::cout << "You win!";
        else std::cout << "You lose.";
       
        std::cin.get();
       
        return(0);
}

int Attack(int target)
{
        srand(time(NULL));
       
        if (target == 1)
        {
                int HP = play.GetStat("HP");
                int MP = play.GetStat("MP");
                int DMG = enemy.GetStat("DMG");
                int DEF = play.GetStat("DEF");
                int Armor = play.GetStat("Armor");
                int Dodge = play.GetStat("Dodge");
       
                if (rand()%Dodge >= (DEF * Dodge))
                {
                        std::cout << "Miss.\n";
                        return(-1);
                }
       
                else if (DMG < Armor)
                {
                        std::cout << "Could not break through target's armor.\n";
                }
               
                HP = (HP - ((rand()%DMG + 1) - Armor));
               
                play.SetStat("HP", HP);
               
                std::cout << HP << std::endl;
               
                if (HP <= 0)
                {
                        dead = 1;
                        return(-1);
                }
               
                return(0);
        }
       
        else if (target == -1)
        {
                int HP = enemy.GetStat("HP");
                int MP = enemy.GetStat("MP");
                int DMG = play.GetStat("DMG");
                int DEF = enemy.GetStat("DEF");
                int Armor = enemy.GetStat("Armor");
                int Dodge = enemy.GetStat("Dodge");
       
                if (rand()%Dodge >= (DEF * Dodge))
                {
                        std::cout << "Miss.\n";
                        return(-1);
                }
       
                else if (DMG < Armor)
                {
                        std::cout << "Could not break through target's armor.\n";
                }
               
                HP = (HP - ((rand()%DMG + 1) - Armor));
               
                enemy.SetStat("HP", HP);
               
                std::cout << HP << std::endl;
               
                if (HP <= 0)
                {
                        dead = -1;
                        return(1);
                }
               
                return(0);
        }
       
        return(0);
}

int fight()
{       
        if (turn == 1)
        {
                std::cout << "Enemy's HP: ";
               
                Attack(-1);
               
                turn = -1;
               
                return(0);
        }
       
        else if (turn == -1)
        {
                std::cout << "Player's HP: ";
               
                Attack(1);
               
                turn = 1;
               
                return(0);
        }
       
        return(0);       
}

---

As with your classes and your turn and dead pass them by reference. Something like this

Code:

---

int attack(int target,Creature &player,Creature &enemy);

---

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by prog-bman

As with your classes and your turn and dead pass them by reference. Something like this

Code:

---

int attack(int target,Creature &player,Creature &enemy);

---

---

Thank you! Didn't know you could pass a memory address of a class. This will make some other code I'm writing a LOT easier! :)

Oh and also with your srand you only need to call it once at the begining of main

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by prog-bman

Oh and also with your srand you only need to call it once at the begining of main

---

*nods* Fixed.

Am I right, though, that you can't pass a variable's value back to main()?

Well when your working with references you are changing what is at that memory address so you are changing what its value is in main. If you are talking about returning a value you could just make your function return a value that changes the variable in main.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by prog-bman

Well when your working with references you are changing what is at that memory address so you are changing what its value is in main. If you are talking about returning a value you could just make your function return a value that changes the variable in main.

---

So, in theory, I could pass the memory address of any variables that need to be in multiple functions to the non-main() functions that need them; and I wouldn't have to have a single thing in the global scope?

Such as..

Code:

---

#include <iostream>

int addx(int &var);

int main()
{
    int x, *px;
    px = &x;
   
    std::cin >> *px;
   
    addx(*px);
   
    std::cout << x;
   
    std::cin.ignore();
    std::cin.get();
   
    return(0);
}

int addx(int &var)
{
        var = (var + 14);
       
        return(var);
}

---

You don't even need to make a pointer at all.
You can just do this:

Code:

---

#include <iostream>

void changeX(int &x);
int main(void)
{
  int x = 10;
  std::cout<<"X equals: "<<x<<std::endl;
  changeX(x);
  std::cout<<"X equals: "<<x<<std::endl;
  std::cin.get();
  return 0;
}

void changeX(int &x)
{
  x=x+10;
}

---

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by prog-bman

You don't even need to make a pointer at all.
You can just do this:

Code:

---

#include <iostream>

void changeX(int &x);
int main(void)
{
  int x = 10;
  std::cout<<"X equals: "<<x<<std::endl;
  changeX(x);
  std::cout<<"X equals: "<<x<<std::endl;
  std::cin.get();
  return 0;
}

void changeX(int &x)
{
  x=x+10;
}

---

---

Ok. *THAT* is nifty. Very, very nifty.

Thanks for your patience and help, again! :)

Your very welcome :)

@ Lithorien :

I am a newbie , just know some little error about your prog:

Code:

---

int Creature::GetStat(char* stat)    // add type "int"

---

Code:

---

int Creature::SetStat(char* stat, int value)  // add type "int"

---

Actually, ToySoldier, when you're working with classes, you do not need to add the type to the prototypes that you build for the class. When you define the functions inside your class, there is where you would add the "int" type.

Actually Im pretty sure you need to define a type your member function. It is just like any other function just because you protype it doesn't mean you can use it without a type.

Ok, then for some reason my compiler's letting a glaring error like that through, since it compiles and runs perfectly fine.

*confused*

Thats probably because if return type is omitted C defaults to int. Although I would say that it _is_ a good idea to specify it by yourself.

-Olli