Beginner Question about cout and cin

I have just started working on learning C++, got Microsoft Visual Basic C++ and a book which i am reading and working through. But now i have come upon a few problems i believe are actually easy to solve, but i am ignorant as to how.

Firstly, Microsoft Visual Basic C++ does not seem to understand the lines:

cout >>
cin <<

it brings them up as errors indicating that they are not actual reserved words.
When i try to use them i use both <iostream.h> and <iomanip.h>, but perhaps there is a different one for this program?

I also have the problem that Microsoft VB C++ does not recognize the #includes <graphics.h> or "apstring.h". Are these simply not used in this program or do they have a different name?

just type #include <iostream> no .h
also type : using namespace std;

finally:
use cin >> not cin <<...
also cout << not cout >>

I think that should answer all your questions/problems

apstring.h is not a standard header file. it is made by CollegeBoard for APCS classes. You can find it here . The file must be in the same folder as your project, and you must include apstring.cpp in your project.

Quote:

---

Firstly, Microsoft Visual Basic C++

---

Are you using Visual C++ or Visual basic?? Visual Basic wont work because that is not a C++ compiler.

try this:

Code:

---

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
int a;

cout << "Enter a number: ";
cin >> a;

cout << "Number was: " << a << endl;
return 0;
}

---

>Microsoft Visual Basic C++
They are different languages. VB is one language, C++ is another. They are not the same.

>#includes <graphics.h> or "apstring.h".
Microsoft compilers do not support graphics.h. Use a borland compiler, although those libraries are old'en. For the ap classes, go into the school's compiler's directories and copy all the .h and .cpp files for the ap classes. Get your teacher to help you if you need it. Then, go into your computer, paste them there in some folder (use a floppy) and go into compiler options and add the directory of where you put them in. Boom, it should work.

Thanks a lot for the help, now cout and cin are working but i have come upon quite an unusualy error message that perhaps someone here will understand:

Compiling...
IMPORTANT1.C
c:\program files\microsoft visual studio\vc98\include\eh.h(32) : fatal error C1189: #error : "eh.h is only for C++!"
Error executing cl.exe.

looks like u didnt comment off a line u mean too comment off

its just a copy of the code pasted above by you RoD

it cant be, that error doesnt make any sense.

try

Code:

---

#include <iostream.h>

int main()
{
int a;
cout << "Enter a number: ";
cin >> a;
cout << "Number was: " << a << endl;
return 0;
}

---

hmmm wierd.

If i use:
#include <iostream>
then i get that wierd error. I think it is BECAUSE i dont use the .h at the end.

If i use:
# include <iostream.h>
It doesn't understand the following line of:
using namespace std;
or any cin or cout statements.

So i am assuming now that i MUST put the .h, so there is still not really a solution to the original problem.

Really starting to hate microsoft.....

If you use .h remove using namespace std;
but better just usesomething else like borland c++ its free and better, well from what ive heard..

dont mix and match the two example i gave you, try them one at a time and see which works. I dont see how that last error you posted could have resulted from my first code example unless you modified it, its not possible if were using the same compiler. That error makes no sense at all.

must be my computer, so I just broke down and emailed microsoft to play the waiting game.

I copied your first example code exactly, still pops up that error.

And i had no idea Borland C++ was free... well darnit....

What exactly is cl.exe? that is apparently the part causing an error.

Quote:

---

Originally posted by RoD

Code:

---

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
int a;

cout << "Enter a number: ";
cin >> a;

cout << "Number was: " << a << endl;
return 0;
}

---

---

excuse me Rod but what does the two lines of code i made bold do, i wrote a simple program in the same fashion as the one above that would square a number you enter but didnt add what you wrote. what do they do? *thank you*

namespace :

http://faq.cprogramming.com/cgi-bin/...&id=1043284351


<< endl;

Creates a new line. What you are doing here is telling it to end the current line.

So if i output this way:

cout << "Hello World";
cout << "Im Steve";

the output would be Hello WorldIm Steve.

If i do it this way:

cout << "Hello World" << endl;
cout << "Im Steve" << endl;

it shows as

Hello World
Im Steve


any clearer?

using namespace std: makes it possible to call/use functions within standardized headers like <iostream>.

If you dont type it youll have to add std::

like this std::cin or std::endl etc...

endl is just like /n plus it flush the buffer..
so it will act like enter... just change line..

Quote:

---

Originally posted by Dillius
Thanks a lot for the help, now cout and cin are working but i have come upon quite an unusualy error message that perhaps someone here will understand:

Compiling...
IMPORTANT1.C
c:\program files\microsoft visual studio\vc98\include\eh.h(32) : fatal error C1189: #error : "eh.h is only for C++!"
Error executing cl.exe.

---

first thing i noticed. you are getting this error because the file is a c source file, not a c++ source file. the file should be .cpp not .c .

edit: .cpp and use RoDs first code snippet.

One more thing. As you will notice, C++ will automatically drop down a line after you read in a variable, example.

cout << "Enter a number: ";
cin >> somevariable;

cout << "You entered a number!";

Now those cout lines will not display on the same line, but rather the second cout will be under the first just like if we used an endl, because cin >> flushes the buffer.

Thanks a lot to everyone who helped me out, its all working fine now and i learned a lot from it.

Yea the reason i was .c ending it was that was the only thing i remembered from reading another book, a dummies book for C, but now i do think back it was just C not C++.

Makes me feel foolish, but you learn from your mistakes :)

One final thing, anyone know offhand what #include to add for the purpose of drawing lines? graphics.h doesn't work for Microsoft version

hmmm you could always get into opengl : )

Well it really seems this book was not designed for learning C++ through microsoft visual C++, soooo.

I just gonna throw out some more questions.

Still wondering what the include is to use draw comands such as:
lineto
circle
etc.

and also if this following piece of code is valid for this software, i cant test it myself until i know what the include to replace graphic.h is:

int graphdriver = DETECT, graphmode;
initgraph(&graphdriver, &graphmode, "c:..\\bgi");

Hate to be puttin so many questions up but honestly half the people i know dont even know how to turn a computer on......

int graphdriver = DETECT, graphmode;
initgraph(&graphdriver, &graphmode, "c:..\\bgi");

I'm no expert, but I don't recognize either of those lines as C++ code, so even if you find the right header file, I don't believe those lines will work.

I just did a box for c++ it sucked but i finally got it.



code

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

int column;

int ledger()
{
cout << "\xDA";
for(column = 2; column < 75 ; ++column)//for the top line
{
cout << "\xC4";
}

gotoxy(75,1);
cout << "\xBF\n";
for(column = 2; column < 24; ++column) //for the right side
{
gotoxy(1, column);
cout << "\xB3";
}
for(column = 2; column < 24; ++column) //for the left side
{
gotoxy(75, column);
cout << "\xB3";
}
gotoxy(1, 24);
cout << "\xC0";
for(column = 2; column < 75; ++column) //for the bottom line
{
cout << "\xC4";
}
gotoxy(1, 4);
cout << "\xC0";
for(column = 2; column < 75; ++column) //for the header line
{
cout << "\xC4";
}
gotoxy(2, 3);
cout << "Number";
gotoxy(9, 1);
for(column = 2; column < 24; ++column) //for the first column
{
gotoxy(9, column);
cout << "\xB3";
}
gotoxy(10, 3);
cout << "Date";
gotoxy(15, 1);
for(column = 2; column < 24; ++column) //for the second column
{
gotoxy(15, column);
cout << "\xB3";
}
gotoxy(16, 3);
cout << " Description";
gotoxy(40, 1);
for(column = 2; column < 24; ++column) //for the third column
{
gotoxy(40, column);
cout << "\xB3";
}
gotoxy(42, 1);
for(column = 2; column < 24; ++column) //for the fourth column
{
gotoxy(42, column);
cout << "\xB3";
}
gotoxy(43, 3);
cout << "Payment";
gotoxy(50, 1);
for(column = 2; column < 24; ++column) //for the fifth column
{
gotoxy(50, column);
cout << "\xB3";
}
gotoxy(52, 1);
for(column = 2; column < 24; ++column) //for the checkoff column1
{
gotoxy(52, column);
cout << "\xB3";
}
gotoxy(53,3);
cout << "Deposit";
gotoxy(62, 1);
for(column = 2; column < 24; ++column) //for the checkoff column1
{
gotoxy(62, column);
cout << "\xB3";
}
{
gotoxy(63, 3);
cout << "Balance";
}
gotoxy(1, 6);
cout << "\xC0";
for(column = 2; column < 75; ++column) //for the first entry
{
cout << "\xC4";
}
gotoxy(1, 8);
cout << "\xC0";
for(column = 2; column < 75; ++column) //for the second entry
{
cout << "\xC4";
}
gotoxy(1, 10);
cout << "\xC0";
for(column = 2; column < 75; ++column) //for the third entry
{
cout << "\xC4";
}
gotoxy(1, 12);
cout << "\xC0";
for(column = 2; column < 75; ++column) //for the fourth entry
{
cout << "\xC4";
}
gotoxy(1, 14);
cout << "\xC0";
for(column = 2; column < 75; ++column) //for the fifth entry
{
cout << "\xC4";
}
gotoxy(1, 16);
cout << "\xC0";
for(column = 2; column < 75; ++column) //for the sixth entry
{
cout << "\xC4";
}
gotoxy(1, 18);
cout << "\xC0";
for(column = 2; column < 75; ++column) //for the seventh entry
{
cout << "\xC4";
}
gotoxy(1, 20);
cout << "\xC0";
for(column = 2; column < 75; ++column) //for the eighth entry
{
cout << "\xC4";
}
gotoxy(1, 22);
cout << "\xC0";
for(column = 2; column < 75; ++column) //for the ninth entry
{
cout << "\xC4";
}
gotoxy(75, 24);
cout << "\xD9";
{