Redefinition of default parameter

I keep getting the error when trying to build the following code:

Code:

---

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class complexClass {
        double x, y;

public:
        complexClass();
        complexClass(double r, double i=0);
        complexClass(complexClass &cNum){};
        ~complexClass(){};
};

complexClass::complexClass () {
        x = 0; y = 0;
}

complexClass::complexClass(double r, double i=0) {
    x = r; y = i;
}

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In addition, how do I call the constructor with &cNum? Any help is very much appreciated.

Take out the default value when defining (i.e. implementing) the constructor that accepts two doubles.

It is also a good idea to use initialiser lists rather than assignments in the body of the constructor. For example;

Code:

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complexClass::complexClass(double r, double i) : x(r), y(i)
{}

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You don't generally call a copy constructor (which is what your constructor with &cNum is). The compiler does, implicitly, when you do this;

Code:

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int main()
{
    complexClass first(2.0, 3.0);
    complexClass second(first);    // copy constructor invoked here
}

---

Also, copy constructors usually accept a const argument: creating a copy of an object does not usually mean changing the object being copied.

Many thanks!

What if I wanted to have the variable i set to 0 when the only one parameter is input? Is there an equivalent shortcut or should I just create another constructor?

Use default values only in the struct definition, not in the (separate) implementation of constructors.

In other words, only specify the default value of arguments where it matters to users of the class.

You really should implement that copy constructor or delete it. As it is now, you can't make copies of your objects--and what's worse, the compiler won't complain about it.

Quote:

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In other words, only specify the default value of arguments where it matters to users of the class.

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Sorry, I don't quite understand what you mean. Would you mind showing an example? I want the code to set x = r and y = 0 when constructing with a single parameter.

Please help! There is something wrong with calculation of y. It keeps returning NaN.

Code:

---

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class complexClass {
        double x, y;

public:
        complexClass(): x(0), y(0) {}
        complexClass(double r): x(r), y(0) {}
        complexClass(double r, double i): x(r), y(i) {}
        complexClass(complexClass &cNum): x(cNum.x) {}
        ~complexClass(){}

        void operator= (complexClass a) {x=a.x; y=a.y;};
        complexClass operator+ (complexClass a);
        complexClass operator- (complexClass a);
};

complexClass complexClass::operator+ (complexClass a) {
        complexClass temp(a.x+x,a.y+y);
        return temp;
}

complexClass complexClass::operator- (complexClass a) {
        complexClass temp(x-a.x,y-a.y);
        return temp;
}

void complexClass::display () {
        cout    << x << (y>=0?" + ":" - ")
            << y << "i" << endl;
}

int main (void) {
        complexClass a (3,3);
        complexClass b (5);
        complexClass result;

        complexClass copy(a);

    result = a + b;
        result.display();
    result = a - b;
        result.display();

        return 0;
}

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Quote:

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Originally Posted by 843

Sorry, I don't quite understand what you mean. Would you mind showing an example?

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Use the default argument in the class definition

Code:

---

class complexClass {
        double x, y;

public:
        complexClass(double r = 0, double i = 0);

---

and not in the function definition

Code:

---

complexClass::complexClass(double r, double i) : x(r), y(r)
{}

---

If you inline the constructor, do it this way.

Code:

---

class complexClass {
        double x, y;

public:
        complexClass(double r = 0, double i = 0) : x(r), y(r) {};

---

and obviously don't have a second not-inline definition.

Quote:

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Originally Posted by 843

Please help! There is something wrong with calculation of y. It keeps returning NaN.

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Your copy constructor is not copying the value of y. Since your operator=() and operator+() functions accept arguments by value, the copy constructor is invoked whenever they are called. It will also possibly invoked when the functions return (although the compiler is allowed to avoid invoking the copy constructor in that case, it might invoke it anyway).

As Elysia said, either implement the copy constructor correctly, or don't implement it at all. (If you don't implement it, the compiler will, and the compiler-supplied default will work in this case).

Also note that,

1) If you don't need to implement a copy constructor, you usually don't need to implement an assignment operator (operator=()).

2) If you do need to implement operator=() or operator+() is is usually better if they accept arguments by const reference (in your case "const complexClass &"), not by value.

Many thanks!