Quantum Random Bit Generator

I am working on a personal project which requires me to generate large amounts of truly random numbers (hint: its about probabilities).

but as we know, rand() and srand() are only psuedo-random number generators, and poor ones at that.

thanks to the almighty google, I was able to find a truly interesting website, which uses a piece of hardware called the Quantum Random Bit Generator. The device uses the only known source of true randomness in the universe, namely quantum uncertainty, to generate truly random bits. The website provides free C++ and DLLs which users can download and use to download data directly from the device. Needless to say, this is not only extremely cool but also VERY helpful for my project.

However, I am getting errors when I try to compile the cpp's they provided. My debugging skills are amateur at best, so I was hoping someone on the forum would be able to help me out with this :D

I will post the errors in my next post. What is the best way to post the code? Should I just attach the original cpp's and headers, or should I paste the code (its a lot :confused: ), or should I paste only those lines which are causing the errors?

Assistance will be MUCH appreciated :D

I'd just post the errors first.

Does that site have its own support and/or forums?

The lines (a few before and after is usually very helpful) and the actual error message, including the line number (and an indication what line that is in your code).

It is often not necessary to have ALL the source code.

--
Mats

hi guys,

nope, the site doesn't have it own forum/support. i think they figured that only those who could get around little bugs like these deserved to use the service :D. when registering (which is free), their human verification method was to actually ask the user to solve a trigonometric differential calculus problem...the first one of which I couldn't solve :D. The site is http://random.irb.hr/ if anyone wants to check it out. Here's the page for the device: http://qrbg.irb.hr/


the file is example1.cpp. It uses QRBG.cpp and QRBG.h, both of which are in the same folder. im using Borland C++ on Windows XP.

Pasted below are the errors. Immediately below each error is the line that caused it, copied and pasted directly from the code as-is.

Code:

---

- type name expected
class InvalidArgumentError : public exception {};

- type name expected
        class NetworkSubsystemError : public exception {};       

- type name expected
        class ConnectError : public exception {};

- type name expected
class CommunicationError : public exception {};

- type name expected
class ServiceDenied : public exception {

- Declaration terminated incorrectly
template<class _Type>

- Declaration terminated incorrectly (example0.cpp (25,1) )

---

The last error is perplexing. example0.cpp has only 24 lines! there is no line 25. :confused:


Also, the 3 files are only 1K, 21K, and 13K so let me know if you want me to attach them.
Thanks!

It sounds like it doesn't like exception. Is <exception> #include'd in that file? Is the std namespace specified?

Or it is included and all of that, but you use an old compiler. Which one are you using?

They're using

"#include <string.h>"
"uint8 cbUsername = static_cast<uint8>"

This seems a little awkward to me

ps: thermic white noise is also purely random

This is what I've downloaded after having found the root for 'x^2 -8x +16' = '(x-4)^2' :d

Code:

---

#pragma once
#pragma warning( disable : 4290 )

#include <stddef.h>        // size_t
#include <exception>  // class exception
#include <typeinfo>    // typeid

using namespace std;

class QRBG {
 public:

    class InvalidArgumentError : public exception {};
    class NetworkSubsystemError : public exception {};
    class ConnectError : public exception {};
    class CommunicationError : public exception {};
    class ServiceDenied : public exception {
    public:
        ServerResponseCodes ServerResponse;
        RefusalReasonCodes RefusalReason;
    public:
    ServiceDenied(ServerResponseCodes response, RefusalReasonCodes reason) : ServerResponse(response), RefusalReason(reason) {}               
        const char* what() { return ServerResponseDescription[ServerResponse]; }
        const char* cure() { return ServerResponseRemedy[ServerResponse]; }
        const char* why() { return what(); }
    };

};

---

' #pragma once ' is not supported on every platform (usually only windows). The only portable way to prevent multiple inclusions is the common '#ifndef -> #define -> #endif' construction.

' using namespace std ' should be avoided, but it does not cause your error (but then again, what compiler are you using?).

' exception' seems to be correctly included, so could you give us your exact error message?

The exception class 'ServiceDenied : public exception' seems a little strange to me. Why define a 'what()' without a throw? But, it might be a lack of my knowledge.

Further, it is a little strange to define the exception classes in the class 'QRBG' . I think they want to create a sort of namespace 'QRBG'.

EDIT: and I would have made the two attributes 'ServerResponse' and 'RefusalReason' private ?

EDIT EDIT: example1.cpp includes '#include <stdio.h>' and '#include <stdlib.h>'

i should mention that those errors I posted were received by running only example0.cpp. my assumption was that example0 would be enough to get random numbers. what i cant understand is why QRBG.cpp exists? I don't see it included in any file. am I missing anything?

I am using Borland C++ 5.x on Windows XP.

Daved -
1) comments in QRBG.h say exception is a class, but I can't see it in any file?
2) using namespace std gives me the error 'namespace name expected', dunno why. so I removed that line.

Mark -
Should I get rid of the pragma lines?
Like I said, I only ran example0 and pasted all the errors I received exactly.
So would example0 be enough for my purpose, which is simply to retrieve random numbers? Or do I need QRBG.cpp also?
EDIT: Were you able to get it to work?

p.s. - they gave you a quadratic eqn? bastards! :D
pps - thermal noise is also a result of quantum uncertainty. even so, it is only approximately white.

It may well be that Borland C++ 5.x is not compatible with these examples. The examples appear to require a MS Visual Studio compiler. Not saying that it's not possible to fix the problems, but it's probably easier to download the Visual Studio Express 2008 compiler from MS.

--
Mats

>> using namespace std gives me the error 'namespace name expected', dunno why. so I removed that line.

Don't remove that line, just get a newer compiler. The express version of VC++ is free, as are other IDEs/compilers.

How much does that box cost? I looked on the site, but I didn't see any prices.

- Daved:
is the MS VC++ express edition good, as in not severely limited since its free?

- cpjust:
i don't know how much it costs, but I believe its not cheap. they wanted to have multiple devices as sources for the service, but couldn't since the cost is prohibitive. also, it was designed and build at a university so its not mass produced, which will make it expensive.

The express version just can't do MFC AFAIK. Other than that its the same as teh full version. You might have to downlaod the Windows SDK seperately though.

Obviously srand and rand are inadequate for any scientific or engineering applications, but there are other methods of generating pseudorandom sequences that approach truly random.

Quote:

---

Should I get rid of the pragma lines?

---

If you're going to use a Microsoft compiler there's no need, I don't know anything about MFC; will this compile with g++?
For a gnu compiler you might delete the line "#pragma once" and encapsulate the code in the .h file in the #ifndef construction.

Quote:

---

So would example0 be enough for my purpose, which is simply to retrieve random numbers? Or do I need QRBG.cpp also?

---

Well, I see that QRBG.h is included in the file example0.cpp , so it will use the code of the class QRBG.

What I don't get, is that if you truly want a random number, you should be connected to the device? Otherwise it's really pseudo-random.. that's what the QRBG class is mainly about: it's (I think) the communication interface between the device and your computer.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by MarkZWEERS

If you're going to use a Microsoft compiler there's no need, I don't know anything about MFC; will this compile with g++?
For a gnu compiler you might delete the line "#pragma once" and encapsulate the code in the .h file in the #ifndef construction.

---

You should not have to remove the #pragma lines. The whole point of #pragma is for the compiler to ignore it if it doesn't understand what it means.

Having said that, #pragma is bad.

Quote:

---

The whole point of #pragma is for the compiler to ignore

---

But then multiple inclusion is possible?

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by MarkZWEERS

What I don't get, is that if you truly want a random number, you should be connected to the device? Otherwise it's really pseudo-random.. that's what the QRBG class is mainly about: it's (I think) the communication interface between the device and your computer.

---

the way it works is that the device is perpetually on and keeps spitting out random numbers to a buffer. then users can use the cpps or dlls to download data from that buffer.

ok, i'll try running this on MS VC++ exp. hope that works. will post my results.

was anyone else able to get it to work?

ok i downloaded and installed MS VC++ express. Now, how the heck do I compile/run my cpp? There is no compile/run option in the damn thing (trust MS to build an evil app). In the words of Dilbert, "GAAAAAA!" :mad:

Create a project. Unless you are making a windows application, you want a console application. The project should be a Win32 Console Application. I believe it is still called that in VC++ 2008. Be careful, there are other similar ones that use .NET and you don't want that.

In the Application Settings page of the new project wizard, check the "Empty Project" checkbox.

Then when the project opens, Add existing item and select any and all files that you have. You can compile those separately, and if you create a new cpp file with a main() function you can build the whole thing into an executable.

Quote:

---

I am working on a personal project which requires me to generate large amounts of truly random numbers (hint: its about probabilities).

---

Are you sure you need a "truly" random number?

My philosophy is that it's "random enough" if it's unpredictable (and usually evenly distributed... assuming you don't want a particular bias, or some particular statistical distribution.) For example, the machines in casinos are not using any sort of quantum random generator, and most probability simulations also use pseudorandom numbers.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by DougDbug

Are you sure you need a "truly" random number?

My philosophy is that it's "random enough" if it's unpredictable (and usually evenly distributed... assuming you don't want a particular bias, or some particular statistical distribution.) For example, the machines in casinos are not using any sort of quantum random generator, and most probability simulations also use pseudorandom numbers.

---

lol @ "[b]it's". yea, you're right...anything unpredictable enough is good enough to be random. i guess what i meant was that i wanted something better than rand()/srand(). just happened to run into the qrbg, it was free AND it had a C++ library so it looked ideal for me.

now, if I can just figure out how to get MS VC++ to work :p

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Daved

Create a project. Unless you are making a windows application, you want a console application. The project should be a Win32 Console Application. I believe it is still called that in VC++ 2008. Be careful, there are other similar ones that use .NET and you don't want that.

In the Application Settings page of the new project wizard, check the "Empty Project" checkbox.

Then when the project opens, Add existing item and select any and all files that you have. You can compile those separately, and if you create a new cpp file with a main() function you can build the whole thing into an executable.

---

ok i did as you said...i created the project as a Win32 console app and checked 'empty project', then added my cpp to it. now how do I compile? when i hit build, I get the following error:

Code:

---

1>------ Build started: Project: test, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>Embedding manifest...
1>.\Debug\test.exe.intermediate.manifest : general error c1010070: Failed to load and parse the manifest. The system cannot find the file specified.
1>Build log was saved at "file://c:\Documents and Settings\Shar\test\test\Debug\BuildLog.htm"
1>test - 1 error(s), 0 warning(s)
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

---

this was running ok on borland???

I don't think you picked Win32 Console Application, I think you picked something that was close to that but not exactly that. I don't have VC++ 2008 in front of me to verify, though.

The reason you want Win32 Console Application is because that particular project type doesn't add the .NET stuff used in C++/CLI or Managed C++. I think the manifest is part of that.

Create another new project and check to see if maybe there is a similar project type in a different category that is closer to Win32 Console Application. If there isn't, then maybe I'm wrong and you'll have to find a way to turn off the manifest stuff in your current project.

Maybe turn off ATL and MFC support in the application wizard?

ok, i'm compiling via the command prompt using cl /EHsc file.cpp

all the previous errors went away. instead i started getting these:

Code:

---

example0.cpp
c:\qrbg\src\QRBG.h(339) : error C2079: 'QRBG::timeStart' uses undefined struct '
timeval'
c:\qrbg\src\QRBG.h(339) : error C2079: 'QRBG::timeEnd' uses undefined struct 'ti
meval'

---

in QRBG.h, i noticed that this line is # if defined (PLATFORM_LINUX)...so i commented the lines out.

now, i'm getting these errors:

Code:

---

/out:example0.exe
example0.obj
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall QRB
G::~QRBG(void)" (??1QRBG@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: unsigned int _
_thiscall QRBG::getBytes(unsigned char *,unsigned int)" (?getBytes@QRBG@@QAEIPAE
I@Z) referenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: double __thisc
all QRBG::getDouble(void)" (?getDouble@QRBG@@QAENXZ) referenced in function _mai
n
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: float __thisca
ll QRBG::getFloat(void)" (?getFloat@QRBG@@QAEMXZ) referenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: long __thiscal
l QRBG::getLongInt(void)" (?getLongInt@QRBG@@QAEJXZ) referenced in function _mai
n
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: int __thiscall
 QRBG::getInt(void)" (?getInt@QRBG@@QAEHXZ) referenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: unsigned char
__thiscall QRBG::getByte(void)" (?getByte@QRBG@@QAEEXZ) referenced in function _
main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscal
l QRBG::defineUser(char const *,char const *)" (?defineUser@QRBG@@QAEXPBD0@Z) re
ferenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscal
l QRBG::defineServer(char const *,unsigned int)" (?defineServer@QRBG@@QAEXPBDI@Z
) referenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall QRB
G::QRBG(unsigned int)" (??0QRBG@@QAE@I@Z) referenced in function _main
example0.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 10 unresolved externals

---

help! :(

The linker cannot find those functions. Are they defined in another cpp file that you didn't compile?

if you want really simple and very random numbers use uinitialized pointers :D

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by (::)

if you want really simple and very random numbers use uinitialized pointers :D

---

how so?

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Daved

The linker cannot find those functions. Are they defined in another cpp file that you didn't compile?

---

i guess the only other file they could be in would be qrbg.cpp. but that's not included anywhere...then why would its functions be referenced? how do i run them all together on the cmd prompt?

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by (::)

if you want really simple and very random numbers use uinitialized pointers :D

---

Uninitialized pointers are not reliable sources of random numbers. They could be all-bits zero or predicatable data from a previous program.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by shawnt

how so?

---

They're not. I think he was joking.

ok those functions were indeed from qrbg.cpp. so i ran them together, like so:

cl /EHsc example0.cpp qrbg.cpp

now, i just have 2 dozen new errors :D . oh well, back to work.

grrr, more errors

:(

ok, i commented out the lines below because they were erroring out and i am running this on windows:

Code:

---

#ifdef PLATFORM_LINUX
        // linux includes
//#        include <sys/socket.h>
//#        include <netinet/in.h>
//#        include <arpa/inet.h>
//#        include <netdb.h>
//#        include <unistd.h>

---

still, im getting the errors below:

Code:

---

C:\QRBG\src>cl /EHsc example0.cpp QRBG.cpp
Microsoft (R) 32-bit C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 15.00.21022.08 for 80x86
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

example0.cpp
QRBG.cpp
QRBG.cpp(198) : error C2065: 'AF_INET' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(198) : error C2065: 'SOCK_STREAM' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(198) : error C3861: 'socket': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(205) : error C2079: 'addr' uses undefined struct 'QRBG::Connect::socka
dr_in'
QRBG.cpp(206) : error C3861: 'gethostbyname': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(208) : error C2228: left of '.sin_addr' must have class/struct/union
        type is 'int'
QRBG.cpp(208) : error C2228: left of '.s_addr' must have class/struct/union
QRBG.cpp(208) : error C3861: 'inet_addr': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(210) : error C2228: left of '.sin_addr' must have class/struct/union
        type is 'int'
QRBG.cpp(210) : error C2027: use of undefined type 'QRBG::Connect::hostent'
        QRBG.cpp(206) : see declaration of 'QRBG::Connect::hostent'
QRBG.cpp(210) : error C2227: left of '->h_addr' must point to class/struct/unio
/generic type
QRBG.cpp(210) : error C2027: use of undefined type 'QRBG::Connect::hostent'
        QRBG.cpp(206) : see declaration of 'QRBG::Connect::hostent'
QRBG.cpp(210) : error C2227: left of '->h_length' must point to class/struct/un
on/generic type
QRBG.cpp(211) : error C2228: left of '.sin_family' must have class/struct/union
        type is 'int'
QRBG.cpp(211) : error C2065: 'AF_INET' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(212) : error C2228: left of '.sin_port' must have class/struct/union
        type is 'int'
QRBG.cpp(212) : error C3861: 'htons': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(214) : error C3861: 'connect': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(225) : error C3861: 'shutdown': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(231) : error C3861: 'close': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(252) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(252) : error C3861: 'gettimeofday': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(268) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(268) : error C3861: 'gettimeofday': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(352) : error C3861: 'htons': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(357) : error C3861: 'htonl': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(359) : error C3861: 'send': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(397) : error C3861: 'recv': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(416) : error C2065: 'u_long' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(416) : error C2059: syntax error : ')'
QRBG.cpp(416) : error C3861: 'ntohl': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(452) : error C3861: 'recv': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(499) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(499) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(532) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(532) : error C2228: left of '.tv_sec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
QRBG.cpp(532) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(532) : error C2228: left of '.tv_sec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
QRBG.cpp(532) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(532) : error C2228: left of '.tv_usec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
QRBG.cpp(532) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(532) : error C2228: left of '.tv_usec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
Generating Code...

---

>> i commented out the lines below because they were erroring out and i am running this on windows

You shouldn't have to comment those lines out. They should be compiled if PLATFORM_LINUX is defined, but that should only be defined if you are on Linux. Search for #define PLATFORM_LINUX and comment that out instead of all the code that are inside the #ifdef PLATFORM_LINUX #endif lines.

Your errors are because you are missing the socket library includes that declare those things. On windows there is Winsock, or you might be able to use bsd sockets as well, I don't recall. Perhaps if you fix the platform problem it will include the correct headers for Windows.

Does the documentation for this library have instructions on how to compile it?

search for "mersenne twister". This is a very good RNG, tested and proven, and I'm sure you can find code on the internet.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Daved

>> i commented out the lines below because they were erroring out and i am running this on windows

You shouldn't have to comment those lines out. They should be compiled if PLATFORM_LINUX is defined, but that should only be defined if you are on Linux. Search for #define PLATFORM_LINUX and comment that out instead of all the code that are inside the #ifdef PLATFORM_LINUX #endif lines.

Your errors are because you are missing the socket library includes that declare those things. On windows there is Winsock, or you might be able to use bsd sockets as well, I don't recall. Perhaps if you fix the platform problem it will include the correct headers for Windows.

Does the documentation for this library have instructions on how to compile it?

---

nope, no documentation.

ok, i'll remove #define PLATFORM_LINUX and leave the rest. hope that works. otherwise, how do I include the socket library? just #include <winsock>?

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by KIBO

search for "mersenne twister". This is a very good RNG, tested and proven, and I'm sure you can find code on the internet.

---

interesting! i'll look into it, thanks!

what would be really interesting would be to get both mersenne and qrbg to work and compare the results. for my simulation (which is quite simple really), the expected results are known...so I should get mostly similar results for both RNGs.

EDIT: i found the mersenne code online. also the pseudo-code is on wikipedia so i can try to code it myself.

Daved,

i included winsock and compiled again. there was no #define PLATFORM_LINUX, only #ifdefined PLATFORM_LINUX. The errors from last time have reduced to the following:

Code:

---

Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

example0.cpp
QRBG.cpp
QRBG.cpp(253) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(253) : error C3861: 'gettimeofday': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(269) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(269) : error C3861: 'gettimeofday': identifier not found
QRBG.cpp(500) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(500) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(533) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(533) : error C2228: left of '.tv_sec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
QRBG.cpp(533) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(533) : error C2228: left of '.tv_sec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
QRBG.cpp(533) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(533) : error C2228: left of '.tv_usec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
QRBG.cpp(533) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(533) : error C2228: left of '.tv_usec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
Generating Code...

C:\QRBG\src>

---

I don't recognize those names. Could you post the code the error refers to and the lines around it, plus the #includes at the top of the file?

You need

Code:

---

#include <sys/time.h>

---

for gettimeofday().

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Daved

I don't recognize those names. Could you post the code the error refers to and the lines around it, plus the #includes at the top of the file?

---

Code:

---

#include "QRBG.h"
#include <winsock.h>
#include <time.h>

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>                // memcpy


#ifdef PLATFORM_WIN
        // windows includes
#        define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN                // Exclude rarely-used stuff from Windows headers

#        include <winsock2.h>
#        include <WS2tcpip.h>
#        include <windows.h>
#        include <errno.h>


        // timer start
251:#        if defined(PLATFORM_WIN)
252:                timeStart = GetTickCount();
253:#        elif defined(PLATFORM_LINUX)
254:                gettimeofday(&timeStart, NULL);
255:#        endif

QRBG.cpp(254) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(254) : error C3861: 'gettimeofday': identifier not found


        // timer end
267:#        if defined(PLATFORM_WIN)
268:                timeEnd = GetTickCount();
269:#        elif defined(PLATFORM_LINUX)
270:                gettimeofday(&timeEnd, NULL);
271:#        endif

QRBG.cpp(270) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(270) : error C3861: 'gettimeofday': identifier not found


499:void QRBG::EnsureCachedEnough(size_t size) throw(ConnectError, CommunicationError,              ServiceDenied) {
500:        // timer reset
501:        timeEnd = timeStart;

QRBG.cpp(501) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(501) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier


530:#elif defined(PLATFORM_LINUX)
531:// linux version
532:
533:double QRBG::getLastDownloadDuration() {
534:        return (timeEnd.tv_sec - timeStart.tv_sec) + 1e-6 * (timeEnd.tv_usec - timeStart.tv_usec);

QRBG.cpp(534) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(534) : error C2228: left of '.tv_sec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
QRBG.cpp(534) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(534) : error C2228: left of '.tv_sec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
QRBG.cpp(534) : error C2065: 'timeEnd' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(534) : error C2228: left of '.tv_usec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
QRBG.cpp(534) : error C2065: 'timeStart' : undeclared identifier
QRBG.cpp(534) : error C2228: left of '.tv_usec' must have class/struct/union
        type is ''unknown-type''
Generating Code...

C:\QRBG\src>

---

I cant understand why it keeps going to the code which is meant for linux machines. im running this on win xp.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by cyberfish

You need

Code:

---

#include <sys/time.h>

---

for gettimeofday().

---

please see previous post. i already have <time.h> included. it doesn't recognize <sys/time.h>.

any ideas?? :confused:

>> I cant understand why it keeps going to the code which is meant for linux machines.
It will only go there if PLATFORM_LINUX is defined. You have to remove all code that defines it.

k, back to the drawing board :p

I removed the linux definitions. Now:

Code:

---

C:\QRBG\src>cl /EHsc example0.cpp
Microsoft (R) 32-bit C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 15.00.21022.08 for 80x86
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

example0.cpp
Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 9.00.21022.08
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

/out:example0.exe
example0.obj
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall QRB
G::~QRBG(void)" (??1QRBG@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: unsigned int _
_thiscall QRBG::getBytes(unsigned char *,unsigned int)" (?getBytes@QRBG@@QAEIPAE
I@Z) referenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: double __thisc
all QRBG::getDouble(void)" (?getDouble@QRBG@@QAENXZ) referenced in function _mai
n
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: float __thisca
ll QRBG::getFloat(void)" (?getFloat@QRBG@@QAEMXZ) referenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: long __thiscal
l QRBG::getLongInt(void)" (?getLongInt@QRBG@@QAEJXZ) referenced in function _mai
n
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: int __thiscall
 QRBG::getInt(void)" (?getInt@QRBG@@QAEHXZ) referenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: unsigned char
__thiscall QRBG::getByte(void)" (?getByte@QRBG@@QAEEXZ) referenced in function _
main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscal
l QRBG::defineUser(char const *,char const *)" (?defineUser@QRBG@@QAEXPBD0@Z) re
ferenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscal
l QRBG::defineServer(char const *,unsigned int)" (?defineServer@QRBG@@QAEXPBDI@Z
) referenced in function _main
example0.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall QRB
G::QRBG(unsigned int)" (??0QRBG@@QAE@I@Z) referenced in function _main
example0.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 10 unresolved externals

---

:(

Don't forget to compile QRBG.cpp and/or any other source files, then link them together. Your command line only compiles example0.cpp. That compilation succeeds (congratulations on getting that far), but now you need to link all other source files.

I don't remember if it was mentioned earlier, but if the library provides source files for you to compile, then add those to the command line (I don't know the exact syntax on the command line). If they provide pre-compiled libraries, then link to those libraries (I don't know the exact syntax on the command line).

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Daved

Don't forget to compile QRBG.cpp and/or any other source files, then link them together. Your command line only compiles example0.cpp. That compilation succeeds (congratulations on getting that far), but now you need to link all other source files.

I don't remember if it was mentioned earlier, but if the library provides source files for you to compile, then add those to the command line (I don't know the exact syntax on the command line). If they provide pre-compiled libraries, then link to those libraries (I don't know the exact syntax on the command line).

---

Hi Daved,

I compiled QRBH.cpp also last time, still got those errors.

There are only 4 files total: example0.cpp, example1.cpp, QRBG.cpp, QRBG.h

The cpp file example0 and example1 are independent, each of which included QRBG.h, which in turn includes and QRBG.cpp. Even if I compile all 4 together, I get the same errors:

Code:

---

C:\QRBG\src>cl /EHsc example0.cpp QRBG.cpp example1.cpp
Microsoft (R) 32-bit C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 15.00.21022.08 for 80x86
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

example0.cpp
QRBG.cpp
example1.cpp
Generating Code...
Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 9.00.21022.08
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

/out:example0.exe
example0.obj
QRBG.obj
example1.obj
example1.obj : error LNK2005: _main already defined in example0.obj
QRBG.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _connect@12 referenced in f
unction "private: void __thiscall QRBG::Connect(void)" (?Connect@QRBG@@AAEXXZ)
QRBG.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _htons@4 referenced in func
tion "private: void __thiscall QRBG::Connect(void)" (?Connect@QRBG@@AAEXXZ)
QRBG.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _inet_addr@4 referenced in
function "private: void __thiscall QRBG::Connect(void)" (?Connect@QRBG@@AAEXXZ)
QRBG.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _gethostbyname@4 referenced
 in function "private: void __thiscall QRBG::Connect(void)" (?Connect@QRBG@@AAEX
XZ)
QRBG.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _socket@12 referenced in fu
nction "private: void __thiscall QRBG::Connect(void)" (?Connect@QRBG@@AAEXXZ)
QRBG.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _closesocket@4 referenced i
n function "private: void __thiscall QRBG::Close(void)" (?Close@QRBG@@AAEXXZ)
QRBG.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _shutdown@8 referenced in f
unction "private: void __thiscall QRBG::Close(void)" (?Close@QRBG@@AAEXXZ)
QRBG.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _ntohl@4 referenced in func
tion "private: unsigned int __thiscall QRBG::AcquireBytesFromService(unsigned ch
ar *,unsigned int)" (?AcquireBytesFromService@QRBG@@AAEIPAEI@Z)
QRBG.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _recv@16 referenced in func
tion "private: unsigned int __thiscall QRBG::AcquireBytesFromService(unsigned ch
ar *,unsigned int)" (?AcquireBytesFromService@QRBG@@AAEIPAEI@Z)
QRBG.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _send@16 referenced in func
tion "private: unsigned int __thiscall QRBG::AcquireBytesFromService(unsigned ch
ar *,unsigned int)" (?AcquireBytesFromService@QRBG@@AAEIPAEI@Z)
QRBG.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _htonl@4 referenced in func
tion "private: unsigned int __thiscall QRBG::AcquireBytesFromService(unsigned ch
ar *,unsigned int)" (?AcquireBytesFromService@QRBG@@AAEIPAEI@Z)
example0.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 11 unresolved externals

C:\QRBG\src>

---

In other news, I was able to get the Mersenne Twister PRNG (psuedo random number generator) to work. I included that in my simulation and it worked beautifully! Results were exactly as expected/calculated, which was simply a delight to see. I can't wait to share my results on the forum. But first, I really want to make the QRBG work, and compare its results with the PRNG results.

You probably wouldn't want to do both example0 and example1 at the same time, which is why example1 simply refused to compile.

All the missing symbols are network things -- are you #include'ing winsock2.h (instead of the *nix equivalent)?

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by tabstop

You probably wouldn't want to do both example0 and example1 at the same time, which is why example1 simply refused to compile.

All the missing symbols are network things -- are you #include'ing winsock2.h (instead of the *nix equivalent)?

---

yea I initially compiled only example0 and when that didnt work, i compiled exampe1 as well just to see if it made any difference. it didn't.

i had initially included winsock.h. I just tried compiling it after including winsock2.h and it bombed real bad, like a gazillion errors....too many even to post.


EDIT: winsock2 is included in qrbg.cpp. If I include it in example0 and qrbh.h also, thats when I get the gazillion errors. Also included (in qrbg.cpp) is ws2tcpip.

So your command line should probably be:

Code:

---

C:\QRBG\src>cl /EHsc example0.cpp QRBG.cpp

---

or for example1:

Code:

---

C:\QRBG\src>cl /EHsc example1.cpp QRBG.cpp

---

The errors are failures to link to socket functions. Since it is a failure to link, the problem is not the #include (that would cause compiler errors). The problem is that you need to link to the winsock library. My guess is wsock32.lib but you should really check to make sure.

To link to that library, you can either add something to the command line or add a #pragma to the code. I don't know the exact syntax of either so you'll have to look it up, but either solution should do the trick.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Daved

So your command line should probably be:

Code:

---

C:\QRBG\src>cl /EHsc example0.cpp QRBG.cpp

---

or for example1:

Code:

---

C:\QRBG\src>cl /EHsc example1.cpp QRBG.cpp

---

The errors are failures to link to socket functions. Since it is a failure to link, the problem is not the #include (that would cause compiler errors). The problem is that you need to link to the winsock library. My guess is wsock32.lib but you should really check to make sure.

To link to that library, you can either add something to the command line or add a #pragma to the code. I don't know the exact syntax of either so you'll have to look it up, but either solution should do the trick.

---

yea, thats exactly how I ran it on the command line.

K, thanks for the hint on wsock32.lib. I'll look into it. I really really want to make the QRBG work. I'm kinda mad at the Croatian QRBG dudes for posting such a troublesome code, lol.

Meanwhile, I'm really excited that I was able to make the Mersenne Twister work (thanks a bunch for the suggestion, KIBO :D ).

For anyone interested, let me tell what my project was about. I wanted to simulate an activity with a large number of iterations so as to test the validity of calculated probabilities. I picked the toss of two dice. As we know, the probability distribution of the sum of twin dice tosses is a well known bell curve'ish graph (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dice#Probability ). I wanted to test this in real life. There's something almost mystical about how theoretical probablities manifest themselves in real life (as if some invisible force is making sure that we a coin will flip heads roughly 50&#37; of the time).

However, I obviously don't have the time or inclination to physicaly toss a pair of dice 1000 times. So I thought about getting the computer to do it for me, and calculate and organize the results in a nice, neat, convenient format. It also made for a fun coding challange.

It was immediately clear that I needed a random number generator much better than rand(). While googling, I ran into QRBG. And then into Mersenne from the forums. You know the rest.

Anyway, the objectives of this project were the following, in order of interest:
1) Simulate a probability distribution with a large number of iterations to see if actual results are in line with predicted probablities.
2) Test the quality of the Mersenne PRNG. A good PRNG should be very unbiased, and should be able to produce results that are very close to predicted probablities.
3) Test that simulated results increase in accuracy as number of iterations are increased.
4) Compare results of Mersenne simulation with QRBG simulation. They should be very close.

The last one from above is so far incomplete. Everything else was succesful.

First, I got the Mersenne to work. That was simple. The code was online, and it was bug-free :D . Since the Mersenne Twister MT19937 has a period of 2^32-1, whereas I only needed a period of 6 (for each dice), I used the output of the Mersenne as the seed for srand(), and then rand() for the dice output. This worked beautfully. I later realized that I could have just used %6 + 1 on the Mersenne output, but I reasoned that using both Mersenne and srand() would increase randomness (though I'm unsure about this).

Then, after I had finally debugged all of my code, I ran it for 10,000 iterations....and bam! The beautiful bell curve! I was blown away the first time I saw it....it was almost spiritual :D .

The next part is to (hopefully) get QRBG to work. And then, I am going to extend the program to simulate and verify the solution to the Monty Hall problem (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty_Hall_problem).

So, if anyone made it through all that without dozing off :) , and if you'd like to check out the program, let me know....i'll post it.

Ciao for now!

ok daved, i included wsock32 lilke so:

#pragma comment(lib, "wsock32.lib")

and guess what???

Code:

---

C:\QRBG\src>cl /EHsc example0.cpp QRBG.cpp
Microsoft (R) 32-bit C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 15.00.21022.08 for 80x86
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

example0.cpp
QRBG.cpp
Generating Code...
Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 9.00.21022.08
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

/out:example0.exe
example0.obj
QRBG.obj

C:\QRBG\src>

---

:D

but, when i run example0.exe...

Code:

---

C:\QRBG\src>example0.exe

This application has requested the Runtime to terminate it in an unusual way.
Please contact the application's support team for more information.

C:\QRBG\src>

---

so close but yet so far... :confused:

here's the output for my program's dice simulation using mersenne + srand()/rand.

If you can get it building through the IDE I think that would help you determine the problem. VC++ has a great debugger and when an exception or other error occurs it breaks into the code and stops right about where the error occurs. Perhaps try getting it running in the IDE again.

By the way, since your original attempt I have downloaded and tried VC++ 2008. I opened it and went to File > New > Project... Under Visual C++ in the Project types box I selected Win32. Then in the Templates box under Visual Studio installed templates I picked Win32 Console Application. I gave the project a name and hit OK. In the wizard I clicked Next, then checked the Empty Project option under Additional options. Then I clicked Finish.

Can you try the same thing? When the project loads, right-click on the project in the Solution Explorer and select Add > Existing Item... Then in the dialog that appears select all cpp and h files you are using. Then save the project and try building it with Build Solution. If that works, then run it with F5 and it should allow you to break into the code when the error occurs.

(runs back to the compiler)

Seeing that a lot of my posts are made at work (sshh...), I really wish I had a compiler here.

Anyway, the post count of the random thread was starting to creep close this one, so hence this ultra-valuable post :D

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Daved

If you can get it building through the IDE I think that would help you determine the problem. VC++ has a great debugger and when an exception or other error occurs it breaks into the code and stops right about where the error occurs. Perhaps try getting it running in the IDE again.

By the way, since your original attempt I have downloaded and tried VC++ 2008. I opened it and went to File > New > Project... Under Visual C++ in the Project types box I selected Win32. Then in the Templates box under Visual Studio installed templates I picked Win32 Console Application. I gave the project a name and hit OK. In the wizard I clicked Next, then checked the Empty Project option under Additional options. Then I clicked Finish.

Can you try the same thing? When the project loads, right-click on the project in the Solution Explorer and select Add > Existing Item... Then in the dialog that appears select all cpp and h files you are using. Then save the project and try building it with Build Solution. If that works, then run it with F5 and it should allow you to break into the code when the error occurs.

---

Before attempting your proposed solution, I compiled example1.cpp, which was successful. But when I ran the exe, I got a 'Connect error!' (one of the exceptions defined within the cpp). This is frustrating, because it seems that the problem as the name suggests is in connecting to the service. I have sent an email to the only email id on the whole site. I hope they can provide some assistance.

Meanwhile, I will try my luck with example0.cpp...see if I can first debug it and then get it to work. I doubt it though, given that theres a connectivity issue.

:(

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Daved

If you can get it building through the IDE I think that would help you determine the problem. VC++ has a great debugger and when an exception or other error occurs it breaks into the code and stops right about where the error occurs. Perhaps try getting it running in the IDE again.

By the way, since your original attempt I have downloaded and tried VC++ 2008. I opened it and went to File > New > Project... Under Visual C++ in the Project types box I selected Win32. Then in the Templates box under Visual Studio installed templates I picked Win32 Console Application. I gave the project a name and hit OK. In the wizard I clicked Next, then checked the Empty Project option under Additional options. Then I clicked Finish.

Can you try the same thing? When the project loads, right-click on the project in the Solution Explorer and select Add > Existing Item... Then in the dialog that appears select all cpp and h files you are using. Then save the project and try building it with Build Solution. If that works, then run it with F5 and it should allow you to break into the code when the error occurs.

---

eek, i just tried this. i got a gazillion errors...a bunch from winsock.h, a few from winsock2.h, a bunch from ws2ipdef.h, and still more from ws2tcpip.h.

why would these headers bomb out when they were ok during the command line compilation? I created the project exactly as you said.

EDIT: Before compiling in the command line, I would have to run vcvars32.bat from the command line (everytime), else the compiler would not be able to find any header files. could this be related?

You shouldn't have to run vcvars when running through the command line.

I have no answers. Your command line is really simple, and you aren't linking to any fancy libraries (other than wsock32). I would assume your pragma on that should work for the IDE as well.

Can you check the project properties and post the command line for the compiler and linker. An example of the errors you're getting wouldn't hurt either.

Quote:

---

Originally Posted by Daved

You shouldn't have to run vcvars when running through the command line.

I have no answers. Your command line is really simple, and you aren't linking to any fancy libraries (other than wsock32). I would assume your pragma on that should work for the IDE as well.

Can you check the project properties and post the command line for the compiler and linker. An example of the errors you're getting wouldn't hurt either.

---

under project properties > C/C++ > Command Line:

Code:

---

/Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_CONSOLE" /D "_UNICODE" /D "UNICODE" /Gm /EHsc /RTC1 /MDd /Fo"Debug\\" /Fd"Debug\vc90.pdb" /W3 /nologo /c /ZI /TP /errorReport:prompt

---

under project properties > C/C++ > Command Line:

Code:

---

/OUT:"C:\Documents and Settings\Shar\QRBG\Debug\QRBGp.exe" /INCREMENTAL /NOLOGO /MANIFEST /MANIFESTFILE:"Debug\QRBGp.exe.intermediate.manifest" /MANIFESTUAC:"level='asInvoker' uiAccess='false'" /DEBUG /PDB:"C:\Documents and Settings\Shar\QRBG\Debug\QRBGp.pdb" /SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE /DYNAMICBASE /NXCOMPAT /MACHINE:X86 /ERRORREPORT:PROMPT kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib

---

is that what you wanted?

and the errors:

Code:

---

1>------ Build started: Project: QRBGp, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>Compiling...
1>qrbg.cpp
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(91) : warning C4005: 'AF_IPX' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(460) : see previous definition of 'AF_IPX'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(127) : warning C4005: 'AF_MAX' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(479) : see previous definition of 'AF_MAX'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(163) : warning C4005: 'SO_DONTLINGER' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(402) : see previous definition of 'SO_DONTLINGER'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(206) : error C2011: 'sockaddr' : 'struct' type redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(485) : see declaration of 'sockaddr'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(384) : error C2143: syntax error : missing '}' before 'constant'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(384) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before 'constant'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(384) : error C2059: syntax error : 'constant'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(437) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '}'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(437) : error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(437) : error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(518) : warning C4005: 'IN_CLASSA' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(287) : see previous definition of 'IN_CLASSA'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(524) : warning C4005: 'IN_CLASSB' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(293) : see previous definition of 'IN_CLASSB'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(530) : warning C4005: 'IN_CLASSC' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(299) : see previous definition of 'IN_CLASSC'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(541) : warning C4005: 'INADDR_ANY' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(304) : see previous definition of 'INADDR_ANY'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(543) : warning C4005: 'INADDR_BROADCAST' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(306) : see previous definition of 'INADDR_BROADCAST'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2def.h(577) : error C2011: 'sockaddr_in' : 'struct' type redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(312) : see declaration of 'sockaddr_in'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(132) : error C2011: 'fd_set' : 'struct' type redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(68) : see declaration of 'fd_set'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(167) : warning C4005: 'FD_SET' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(102) : see previous definition of 'FD_SET'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(176) : error C2011: 'timeval' : 'struct' type redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(111) : see declaration of 'timeval'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(232) : error C2011: 'hostent' : 'struct' type redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(167) : see declaration of 'hostent'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(245) : error C2011: 'netent' : 'struct' type redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(180) : see declaration of 'netent'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(252) : error C2011: 'servent' : 'struct' type redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(187) : see declaration of 'servent'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(264) : error C2011: 'protoent' : 'struct' type redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(199) : see declaration of 'protoent'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(360) : error C2011: 'WSAData' : 'struct' type redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(322) : see declaration of 'WSAData'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(458) : error C2011: 'sockproto' : 'struct' type redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(494) : see declaration of 'sockproto'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(500) : error C2011: 'linger' : 'struct' type redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(531) : see declaration of 'linger'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(513) : warning C4005: 'SOMAXCONN' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(544) : see previous definition of 'SOMAXCONN'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(542) : warning C4005: 'FD_READ' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(562) : see previous definition of 'FD_READ'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(545) : warning C4005: 'FD_WRITE' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(563) : see previous definition of 'FD_WRITE'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(548) : warning C4005: 'FD_OOB' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(564) : see previous definition of 'FD_OOB'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(551) : warning C4005: 'FD_ACCEPT' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(565) : see previous definition of 'FD_ACCEPT'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(554) : warning C4005: 'FD_CONNECT' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(566) : see previous definition of 'FD_CONNECT'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(557) : warning C4005: 'FD_CLOSE' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(567) : see previous definition of 'FD_CLOSE'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1527) : error C2375: 'accept' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(735) : see declaration of 'accept'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1548) : error C2375: 'bind' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(740) : see declaration of 'bind'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1567) : error C2375: 'closesocket' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(745) : see declaration of 'closesocket'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1586) : error C2375: 'connect' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(747) : see declaration of 'connect'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1607) : error C2375: 'ioctlsocket' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(752) : see declaration of 'ioctlsocket'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1628) : error C2375: 'getpeername' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(757) : see declaration of 'getpeername'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1649) : error C2375: 'getsockname' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(762) : see declaration of 'getsockname'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1672) : error C2375: 'getsockopt' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(767) : see declaration of 'getsockopt'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1693) : error C2375: 'htonl' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(774) : see declaration of 'htonl'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1710) : error C2375: 'htons' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(776) : see declaration of 'htons'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1728) : error C2375: 'inet_addr' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(778) : see declaration of 'inet_addr'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1745) : error C2375: 'inet_ntoa' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(780) : see declaration of 'inet_ntoa'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1763) : error C2375: 'listen' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(782) : see declaration of 'listen'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1781) : error C2375: 'ntohl' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(786) : see declaration of 'ntohl'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1798) : error C2375: 'ntohs' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(788) : see declaration of 'ntohs'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1818) : error C2375: 'recv' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(790) : see declaration of 'recv'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1843) : error C2375: 'recvfrom' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(796) : see declaration of 'recvfrom'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1869) : error C2375: 'select' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(804) : see declaration of 'select'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1893) : error C2375: 'send' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(811) : see declaration of 'send'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1918) : error C2375: 'sendto' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(817) : see declaration of 'sendto'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1944) : error C2375: 'setsockopt' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(825) : see declaration of 'setsockopt'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1966) : error C2375: 'shutdown' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(832) : see declaration of 'shutdown'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(1986) : error C2375: 'socket' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(836) : see declaration of 'socket'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2009) : error C2375: 'gethostbyaddr' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(843) : see declaration of 'gethostbyaddr'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2029) : error C2375: 'gethostbyname' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(848) : see declaration of 'gethostbyname'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2047) : error C2375: 'gethostname' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(850) : see declaration of 'gethostname'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2067) : error C2375: 'getservbyport' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(854) : see declaration of 'getservbyport'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2087) : error C2375: 'getservbyname' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(858) : see declaration of 'getservbyname'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2106) : error C2375: 'getprotobynumber' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(862) : see declaration of 'getprotobynumber'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2124) : error C2375: 'getprotobyname' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(864) : see declaration of 'getprotobyname'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2145) : error C2375: 'WSAStartup' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(868) : see declaration of 'WSAStartup'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2163) : error C2375: 'WSACleanup' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(872) : see declaration of 'WSACleanup'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2180) : error C2375: 'WSASetLastError' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(874) : see declaration of 'WSASetLastError'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2197) : error C2375: 'WSAGetLastError' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(876) : see declaration of 'WSAGetLastError'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2214) : error C2375: 'WSAIsBlocking' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(878) : see declaration of 'WSAIsBlocking'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2231) : error C2375: 'WSAUnhookBlockingHook' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(880) : see declaration of 'WSAUnhookBlockingHook'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2248) : error C2375: 'WSASetBlockingHook' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(882) : see declaration of 'WSASetBlockingHook'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2265) : error C2375: 'WSACancelBlockingCall' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(884) : see declaration of 'WSACancelBlockingCall'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2287) : error C2375: 'WSAAsyncGetServByName' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(886) : see declaration of 'WSAAsyncGetServByName'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2314) : error C2375: 'WSAAsyncGetServByPort' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(894) : see declaration of 'WSAAsyncGetServByPort'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2340) : error C2375: 'WSAAsyncGetProtoByName' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(902) : see declaration of 'WSAAsyncGetProtoByName'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2365) : error C2375: 'WSAAsyncGetProtoByNumber' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(909) : see declaration of 'WSAAsyncGetProtoByNumber'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2390) : error C2375: 'WSAAsyncGetHostByName' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(916) : see declaration of 'WSAAsyncGetHostByName'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2417) : error C2375: 'WSAAsyncGetHostByAddr' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(923) : see declaration of 'WSAAsyncGetHostByAddr'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2440) : error C2375: 'WSACancelAsyncRequest' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(932) : see declaration of 'WSACancelAsyncRequest'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(2461) : error C2375: 'WSAAsyncSelect' : redefinition; different linkage
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(934) : see declaration of 'WSAAsyncSelect'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(3910) : error C2059: syntax error : '}'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(3910) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '}'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock2.h(3910) : error C2059: syntax error : '}'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2ipdef.h(39) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '{'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2ipdef.h(39) : error C2447: '{' : missing function header (old-style formal list?)
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2ipdef.h(119) : warning C4005: 'IP_TOS' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(352) : see previous definition of 'IP_TOS'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2ipdef.h(120) : warning C4005: 'IP_TTL' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(351) : see previous definition of 'IP_TTL'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2ipdef.h(121) : warning C4005: 'IP_MULTICAST_IF' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(346) : see previous definition of 'IP_MULTICAST_IF'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2ipdef.h(122) : warning C4005: 'IP_MULTICAST_TTL' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(347) : see previous definition of 'IP_MULTICAST_TTL'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2ipdef.h(123) : warning C4005: 'IP_MULTICAST_LOOP' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(348) : see previous definition of 'IP_MULTICAST_LOOP'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2ipdef.h(124) : warning C4005: 'IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(349) : see previous definition of 'IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2ipdef.h(125) : warning C4005: 'IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(350) : see previous definition of 'IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2ipdef.h(126) : warning C4005: 'IP_DONTFRAGMENT' : macro redefinition
1>        c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\winsock.h(353) : see previous definition of 'IP_DONTFRAGMENT'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(750) : error C2061: syntax error : identifier 'MULTICAST_MODE_TYPE'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(757) : error C2065: 'PIP_MSFILTER' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(757) : error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'Filter'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(757) : error C2065: 'Filter' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(759) : error C2065: 'SourceCount' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(760) : error C2065: 'Filter' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(760) : error C2070: ''unknown-type'': illegal sizeof operand
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(760) : error C2065: 'SourceList' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(760) : error C2070: ''unknown-type'': illegal sizeof operand
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(761) : error C3861: 'WSASetLastError': identifier not found
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(765) : error C2065: 'IP_MSFILTER' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(765) : error C2070: ''unknown-type'': illegal sizeof operand
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(765) : error C2065: 'SourceCount' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(766) : error C2065: 'Filter' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(766) : error C2065: 'PIP_MSFILTER' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(766) : error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'HeapAlloc'
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(767) : error C2065: 'Filter' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(768) : error C3861: 'WSASetLastError': identifier not found
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(772) : error C2065: 'Filter' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(772) : error C2227: left of '->imsf_multiaddr' must point to class/struct/union/generic type
1>        type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(773) : error C2065: 'Filter' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(773) : error C2227: left of '->imsf_interface' must point to class/struct/union/generic type
1>        type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(774) : error C2065: 'Filter' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(774) : error C2227: left of '->imsf_fmode' must point to class/struct/union/generic type
1>        type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(774) : error C2065: 'FilterMode' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(775) : error C2065: 'Filter' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(775) : error C2227: left of '->imsf_numsrc' must point to class/struct/union/generic type
1>        type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(775) : error C2065: 'SourceCount' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(776) : error C2065: 'SourceCount' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(778) : error C2065: 'Filter' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(778) : error C2227: left of '->imsf_slist' must point to class/struct/union/generic type
1>        type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(778) : error C2065: 'SourceList' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(778) : error C2065: 'SourceCount' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(778) : error C2065: 'SourceList' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(778) : error C2070: ''unknown-type'': illegal sizeof operand
1>c:\program files\microsoft sdks\windows\v6.0a\include\ws2tcpip.h(778) : fatal error C1003: error count exceeds 100; stopping compilation
1>Build log was saved at "file://c:\Documents and Settings\Shar\QRBG\QRBG\Debug\BuildLog.htm"
1>QRBGp - 104 error(s), 24 warning(s)
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

---

I know its a handful, but I'm desparate.

Somehow both Winsock and Winsock2 are being used. You should only be using one (probably Winsock). Can you check your project and look for references to or includes of Winsock2 or Winsock2.h?

awesome! that worked.

FINALLY!

one last qtion...how do i, er, run the program in VS :D ? I confirmed it runs by clicking the debug button.

Thanks for all your help Daved!

>> how do i, er, run the program in VS ?
Execute (Ctrl-F5) works. It's an exclamation point icon. It's possible it has changed in VC++ 2008 but I doubt it.

You should also consider building it in Release mode. That will add optimizations and make it run much faster.

>> Thanks for all your help Daved!
Your welcome. Glad it's working.