XWindows background colors

I'm still playing with X Windows programming. I can get windows on the screen, but I'm having trouble with the background color. I can set the color using BlackPixel() or WhitePixel() macros, but I can't figure out how to choose say a green background.

The XSetWindowBackground() is looking for an unsigned long that represents the color. How can I arbitrarily select a color to use there?

Here is teh code I am using at the moment:

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/Xutil.h>
#include <X11/Xos.h>
#include <X11/Xatom.h>

int main (int ArgC, char **ArgV)
{
    Display *cdisDisplay;
    int ciScreenNum;
    Screen *cscrScreenPtr;
    XWMHints *xwmhHints;
    XClassHint  *xchClass;
    XTextProperty xtpWinName, xtpIconName;
    XSizeHints *xshSize;
    char *pcIconName = "Icon Name?", *pcWinName = "Window Name?", *pcProgName = "Test App";
    XEvent xeEvent;
    Window Handle;
    unsigned long Pixel;
    
    cdisDisplay = XOpenDisplay(NULL);
    if (cdisDisplay == NULL)
    {//Failed to connect to an X Server
        printf("\nFailed to connect to the display\n");
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        ciScreenNum = DefaultScreen(cdisDisplay);
        cscrScreenPtr = DefaultScreenOfDisplay(cdisDisplay);
    }
    
    Handle = XCreateSimpleWindow(cdisDisplay, RootWindow(cdisDisplay, ciScreenNum), 0, 0, 200, 200, 0, BlackPixel(cdisDisplay, ciScreenNum), WhitePixel(cdisDisplay, ciScreenNum));
    
    //Allocate space for the hints
    xshSize = XAllocSizeHints();
    xwmhHints = XAllocWMHints();
    xchClass = XAllocClassHint();
    
    xshSize->flags = PPosition | PSize;
    
    XStringListToTextProperty(&pcWinName, 1, &xtpWinName);
    XStringListToTextProperty(&pcIconName, 1, &xtpIconName);
    
    xwmhHints->initial_state = NormalState;
    xwmhHints->input = True;
    xwmhHints->flags = StateHint | InputHint;
    
    xchClass->res_name = pcProgName;
    xchClass->res_class = "Base Win";
    
    XSetWMProperties(cdisDisplay, Handle, &xtpWinName, &xtpIconName, 0, 0, xshSize, xwmhHints, xchClass);

    XSelectInput(cdisDisplay, Handle, ExposureMask | KeyPressMask | ButtonPressMask | StructureNotifyMask);
    XMapWindow(cdisDisplay, Handle); //Show the window
    
    while (1)
    {
        XNextEvent(cdisDisplay, &xeEvent);
        
        switch (xeEvent.type)
        {
            case (ButtonPress) :
            {
                //How can I set Pixel to any color?
                Pixel = BlackPixel(cdisDisplay, ciScreenNum);
                
                printf("Mouse button %d pressed!\n", xeEvent.xbutton.button);
                XSetWindowBackground(cdisDisplay, Handle, Pixel);
                XClearWindow(cdisDisplay, Handle);
                XFlush(cdisDisplay);
                break;
            }
            default :
            {
                printf("Unknown event: %d (discarding)\n", xeEvent.type);
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}

1. Obtain the id of the default colormap with XDefaultColormap
2. Declare and define an XColor struct variable.
3. Use XAllocColor to get the closest match to your XColor value from the default colormap.

Something like:

Code:

#include<stdio.h>
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/Xutil.h>
#include <X11/Xos.h>
#include <X11/Xatom.h>

int main (int ArgC, char **ArgV)
{
    Display *cdisDisplay;
    int ciScreenNum;
    Screen *cscrScreenPtr;
    XWMHints *xwmhHints;
    XClassHint  *xchClass;
    XTextProperty xtpWinName, xtpIconName;
    XSizeHints *xshSize;
    char *pcIconName = "Icon Name?", *pcWinName = "Window Name?", *pcProgName = "Test App";
    XEvent xeEvent;
    Window Handle;
    unsigned long Pixel;
  
    Colormap cmap;
    
    cdisDisplay = XOpenDisplay(NULL);
    if (cdisDisplay == NULL)
    {//Failed to connect to an X Server
        printf("\nFailed to connect to the display\n");
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        ciScreenNum = DefaultScreen(cdisDisplay);
        cscrScreenPtr = DefaultScreenOfDisplay(cdisDisplay);
    }
    
    cmap=XDefaultColormap(cdisDisplay,ciScreenNum);
    
    Handle = XCreateSimpleWindow(cdisDisplay, RootWindow(cdisDisplay, ciScreenNum), 0, 0, 200, 200, 0, 
                                 BlackPixel(cdisDisplay, ciScreenNum), WhitePixel(cdisDisplay, ciScreenNum));
    
    //Allocate space for the hints
    xshSize = XAllocSizeHints();
    xwmhHints = XAllocWMHints();
    xchClass = XAllocClassHint();
    
    xshSize->flags = PPosition | PSize;
    
    XStringListToTextProperty(&pcWinName, 1, &xtpWinName);
    XStringListToTextProperty(&pcIconName, 1, &xtpIconName);
    
    xwmhHints->initial_state = NormalState;
    xwmhHints->input = True;
    xwmhHints->flags = StateHint | InputHint;
    
    xchClass->res_name = pcProgName;
    xchClass->res_class = "Base Win";
    
    XSetWMProperties(cdisDisplay, Handle, &xtpWinName, &xtpIconName, 0, 0, xshSize, xwmhHints, xchClass);

    XSelectInput(cdisDisplay, Handle, ExposureMask | KeyPressMask | ButtonPressMask | StructureNotifyMask);
    XMapWindow(cdisDisplay, Handle); //Show the window
    
    while (1)
    {
        XNextEvent(cdisDisplay, &xeEvent);
        
        switch (xeEvent.type)
        {
            case (ButtonPress) :
            {
                //How can I set Pixel to any color?
                /*Pixel = BlackPixel(cdisDisplay, ciScreenNum);
                
                printf("Mouse button %d pressed!\n", xeEvent.xbutton.button);
                XSetWindowBackground(cdisDisplay, Handle, Pixel);
                XClearWindow(cdisDisplay, Handle);
                XFlush(cdisDisplay);
                break;*/
                XColor colour_bk;
              
                printf("Mouse button %d pressed!\n", xeEvent.xbutton.button);
              
                colour_bk.flags=DoRed|DoGreen|DoBlue; 
                colour_bk.red=10000; 
                colour_bk.green=40000; 
                colour_bk.blue=0;
                if (XAllocColor(cdisDisplay,cmap,&colour_bk)==0)
                {
                  printf("XAllocColor failure.\n");
                }
                if (XSetWindowBackground(cdisDisplay,Handle, colour_bk.pixel)==BadGC)
                {
                  printf("XSetBackground failure.\n");
                }
                XClearWindow(cdisDisplay, Handle);
                XFlush(cdisDisplay);
                break;
            }
            default :
            {
                printf("Unknown event: %d (discarding)\n", xeEvent.type);
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}

Thanks!