DirectX9 Font Problem

It is the *start* of my game and of my first real program with DirectX. I'm still working off tutorials and trying to learn it as fast as possible so that I can make a game immediately. I have come upon one issue when it came to writing text to the screen.

All the tutorials I have read have told me to load/write fonts in a certain way. However, when I tried it in my compiler, it came up with an error, saying there were too many arguments and stuff. I am now doing it the way the compiler told me to.

The prototype:

Code:

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HRESULT WINAPI
    D3DXCreateFont(
        LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9  pDevice,
        HFONT              hFont,
        LPD3DXFONT*        ppFont);

---

The original prototype:

Code:

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HRESULT WINAPI D3DXCreateFont(LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice,
    INT Height,
    UINT Width,
    UINT Weight,
    UINT MipLevels,
    BOOL Italic,
    DWORD CharSet,
    DWORD OutputPrecision,
    DWORD Quality,
    DWORD PitchAndFamily,
    LPCTSTR pFacename,
    LPD3DXFONT *ppFont);

---

Even the MSDN tutorial said to use the second way, but it doesn't work. Also, the way of writing text in the scene didn't work.

Old way:

Code:

---

Font->DrawText(NULL, "Text Here", -1, &FontPosition, DT_CENTER, 0xffffffff);

---

The way the compiler said (cant find the prototype, so this is how I did it):

Code:

---

Font->DrawText("Demo", 0, &FontPosition, DT_CENTER, 0xffffffff);

---

Anyway, I fixed both those things in my code and so I got no more errors. However, the program quits immediately after starting, and I want to know why.

The code for my program (I am just starting out and have a random triangle in there for no reason):

Code:

---

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN

#include<d3dx9.h>

#define D3DFVF_D3DVertex (D3DFVF_XYZ | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)

bool InitializeDirect3D(HWND hwnd, bool fullscreen);
bool InitializeObject();
void RenderScence();
void ShutdownDirect3D();
LPDIRECT3D9 Direct3D_Object = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 D3D_Device = NULL;
LPD3DXFONT Font = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 Vertex_Buffer = NULL;
RECT FontPosition = {0, 0, 0, 0};
HFONT hfont = CreateFont(0, 1, 0, 0, FW_DONTCARE, false, false, false, DEFAULT_CHARSET, OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS, CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS, DEFAULT_QUALITY, DEFAULT_PITCH | FF_MODERN, "Courier New");
struct Vertex
{
    FLOAT x, y, z;
    DWORD color;
};


LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch(message) {
                  case WM_KEYUP:
                      switch(wParam) {
                          case VK_ESCAPE:
                              PostQuitMessage(0);
                              break;
              }       
            break;
        case WM_DESTROY:
        case WM_CLOSE:
            PostQuitMessage(0);
            break;
        default:
              break;
    }
    return DefWindowProc( hwnd, message, wParam, lParam );
}


int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
  MSG msg;
  HWND hwnd;
  WNDCLASSEX windowClass;
  bool done = false;
  windowClass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
  windowClass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
  windowClass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
  windowClass.cbClsExtra = 0;
  windowClass.cbWndExtra = 0;
  windowClass.hInstance = hInstance;
  windowClass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
  windowClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
  windowClass.hbrBackground = NULL;
  windowClass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
  windowClass.lpszClassName = "XClass";
  windowClass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
  if(!RegisterClassEx(&windowClass)) return 0;
  hwnd = CreateWindow("XClass", "Empty DirectX", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE | WS_SYSMENU |WS_CLIPCHILDREN | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS, 100, 100, 640, 480, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
  if(!hwnd) return 0;

  ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOW);
  UpdateWindow(hwnd);
  done = false;
  if(!InitializeDirect3D(hwnd, true)) done = true;
  while(!done)
      {
        if(PeekMessage(&msg, 0, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
            {
              if(msg.message == WM_QUIT)
                  {
                    done = true;
                  }
              TranslateMessage(&msg);
              DispatchMessage(&msg);
            }
        else
            {
              RenderScence();
            }
      }
        ShutdownDirect3D();
  UnregisterClass("XClass", windowClass.hInstance);

  return (int)msg.wParam;
}


bool InitializeDirect3D(HWND hwnd, bool fullscreen) {
  D3DDISPLAYMODE DisplayMode;
  D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS Present_Parameters;
  D3DCAPS9 D3DCaps;
  ZeroMemory(&Present_Parameters, sizeof(Present_Parameters));
  Direct3D_Object = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
  if(Direct3D_Object == NULL)
      {
        MessageBox(NULL, "Error, couldn't initialize DirectX", "Error!", MB_ICONSTOP | MB_OK);
        return false;
      }
  if(FAILED(Direct3D_Object->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &DisplayMode))) {
      MessageBox(NULL, "Error setting the display mode.", "Error!", MB_ICONSTOP | MB_OK);
      return false;
  }
  if(FAILED(Direct3D_Object->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, &D3DCaps))) {
      return false;
  }
  DWORD VertexProcessing = 0;
  if(D3DCaps.VertexProcessingCaps != 0) {
      VertexProcessing |= D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;
  }
  else {
      VertexProcessing |= D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;
  }
  if(fullscreen) {
      Present_Parameters.Windowed = FALSE;
      Present_Parameters.BackBufferWidth = 800;
      Present_Parameters.BackBufferHeight = 600;
  }
  else {
      Present_Parameters.Windowed = TRUE;
  }
  Present_Parameters.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
  Present_Parameters.BackBufferFormat = DisplayMode.Format;
  Present_Parameters.BackBufferCount = 1;
  Present_Parameters.EnableAutoDepthStencil = TRUE;
  Present_Parameters.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16;
  if(FAILED(Direct3D_Object->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hwnd, VertexProcessing, &Present_Parameters, &D3D_Device))) {
      MessageBox(NULL, "CreateDevice() failed!  Make sure you have DirectX 9.", "Error!", MB_ICONSTOP | MB_OK);
      return false;
  }
  D3D_Device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, false);
  D3D_Device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE);
  if(D3D_Device == NULL) {
      MessageBox(NULL, "D3D_Device setup error", "Error!", MB_ICONSTOP | MB_OK);
      return false;
  }
  if(!InitializeObject()) {
      return false;
  }
  if(FAILED(D3DXCreateFont(D3D_Device, hfont, &Font))) {
      return false;
  }
  FontPosition.top = 8;
  FontPosition.left = 8;
  FontPosition.right = 48;
  FontPosition.bottom = 16;
  return true;
}


bool InitializeObject()
{
    Vertex Triangle_Data[6] =
  {
          {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,255,0)},
      {0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,255,0)},
          {0.0f, 0.3f, 0.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255)},
      {-2.5f, -2.5f, 0.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,255,0)},
      {3.0f, 3.0f, 2.23f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(100,100,100)},
          {2.5f, -2.5f, 0.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255)}
  };
  if(FAILED(D3D_Device->CreateVertexBuffer(3 * sizeof(Vertex), 0, D3DFVF_D3DVertex, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &Vertex_Buffer, NULL))) {
      return false;
  }
  Vertex* Vertices;
  if(FAILED(Vertex_Buffer->Lock(0, sizeof(Triangle_Data), (void**)&Vertices, 0))) {
      return false;
  }   
  memcpy(Vertices, Triangle_Data, sizeof(Triangle_Data));
  Vertex_Buffer->Unlock();
  return true;
}


void RenderScence() {
  D3D_Device->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0);
  D3D_Device->BeginScene();
      Font->DrawText("Demo", 0, &FontPosition, DT_CENTER, 0xffffffff);
      D3D_Device->SetStreamSource(0, Vertex_Buffer, 0, sizeof(Vertex));
      D3D_Device->SetFVF(D3DFVF_D3DVertex);
      D3D_Device->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1);
  D3D_Device->EndScene();
  D3D_Device->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}


void ShutdownDirect3D() {
  if(D3D_Device != NULL) {
      D3D_Device->Release();
      D3D_Device = NULL;
  }   
  if(Direct3D_Object != NULL) {
      Direct3D_Object->Release();
      Direct3D_Object = NULL;
  }
  if(Vertex_Buffer != NULL) {
      Vertex_Buffer->Release();
      Vertex_Buffer = NULL;
  }
  if(Font) {
      Font->Release();
      Font = NULL;
  }
}

---

I am using Dev-C++ 4.9.9.2.

If anyone can help me, it would be much appreciated. :D

Okay, I've fixed your code to have the correct parameters for the latest DirectX 9. It goes a little something like this:

Here is the creation of the Font interface:

Code:

---

  // old call
  //if(FAILED(D3DXCreateFont(D3D_Device, hfont, &Font))) {
  //        return false;
  //}
 
  // New call
  if(FAILED(D3DXCreateFont(D3D_Device,                        // Device
                                                -MulDiv(16, 96, 72),        // Height
                                                0,                                        // Width
                                                0,                                        // Weight
                                                0,                                        // Miplevels
                                                FALSE,                                // Italic
                                                ANSI_CHARSET,                // CharSet
                                                OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS,        // OutputPrecision
                                                DEFAULT_QUALITY,                // Quality
                                                FF_MODERN,                        // Pitch and Family
                                                "Courier New",                // Facename
                                                &Font)))                        // Font
  {
        return false;
  }

---

And the rendering code:

Code:

---

        //Font->DrawText("Demo", 0, &FontPosition, DT_CENTER, 0xffffffff);
 
        // new method
        Font->DrawText(NULL, "Demo", -1, &textRect, DT_LEFT, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,0,255));

---

Note your RECT should be something like left = 0, top = 0, right = 100, bottom = 100.

Your rect was all 0's which will not work. Read the SDK doc for more information. Basically the right side needs to be greater than the left and the bottom must be greater than the top.

Also you didn't calculate your height for your font correctly. I replaced it with the correct formula. Look it up on MSDN if you want to know more under (CreateFont).


You can rip out all of your HFONT stuff, no longer needed.

Good luck

It says:

Quote:

---

C:\Dev-Cpp\C++ Programs\futuregame.cpp In function `bool InitializeDirect3D(HWND__*, bool)':

148 C:\Dev-Cpp\C++ Programs\futuregame.cpp invalid conversion from `int' to `HFONT__*'

163 C:\Dev-Cpp\include\d3dx9core.h too many arguments to function `HRESULT D3DXCreateFont(IDirect3DDevice9*, HFONT__*, ID3DXFont**)'

148 C:\Dev-Cpp\C++ Programs\futuregame.cpp at this point in file

C:\Dev-Cpp\C++ Programs\futuregame.cpp In function `void RenderScence()':

198 C:\Dev-Cpp\C++ Programs\futuregame.cpp no matching function for call to `ID3DXFont::DrawTextA(NULL, const char[5], int, RECT*, int, D3DCOLOR)'

note C:\Dev-Cpp\include\d3dx9core.h:138 candidates are: virtual INT ID3DXFont::DrawTextA(const CHAR*, INT, tagRECT*, DWORD, D3DCOLOR)

C:\Dev-Cpp\Makefile.win [Build Error] ["C++ Programs/futuregame.o"] Error 1

---

it says I'm not using the prototype:

Code:

---

HRESULT WINAPI
    D3DXCreateFont(
        LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9  pDevice,
        HFONT              hFont,
        LPD3DXFONT*        ppFont);

---

Download the latest SDK (April 2005) and try again. I tried it on my machine and it works fine.

Before installing the new SDK though, what are you programming under? Anything after the October 2004 SDK is not compatible with Visual C++ 6.0.

Here is my font code:

Code:

---

bool cDX::FontReset(int Height, int Weight, bool Italic, char* FontName)
{
        SafeRelease(FontDevice);

        if(FAILED(D3DXCreateFont(
                D3DDevice,
                Height,
                0,                //Width
                Weight,
                1,                //MipLevels
                Italic,
                DEFAULT_CHARSET,
                OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS,
                ANTIALIASED_QUALITY,
                DEFAULT_PITCH|FF_DONTCARE,
                FontName,
                &FontDevice)))
                return false;

        return true;
}

void cDX::FontRenderLine(int Left, int Top, char* Sentence, unsigned int Colour)
{
        RECT Rect;

        SetRect(&Rect, Left, Top, 0, 0);

        FontDevice->DrawText(NULL, Sentence, -1, &Rect, DT_LEFT|DT_NOCLIP, Colour);
}

---

The 0, 0 for width and height are okay since it just sizes the box on its own.

It looks to me as if you're missing some includes, and depending on the way you're linking, some libraries too perhaps. Add these includes to the top of your program:

Code:

---

#include <Windows.h>
#include <D3D9.h>
#include <D3DX9.h> //This is the only one you already had

#pragma comment(lib, "D3D9.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D3DX9.lib")

---

Visual C++ 6.0 is what I used to test my code. No problems.

And you run the latest SDK? That's...odd

Quote:

---

This download does NOT include [...] a D3dx.lib that is compatible with Visual Studio 6.0.

---

DirectX 9.0 April 2005 SDK
This has been the case since the December 2004 Update

I guess if you've worked your way up from SDKs before Microsoft dropped VC++ 6.0, and if the .lib wasn't overwritten, then it would still be compatible. It's surprising, but awesome that it works :) My only advice then is to be careful while updating to ensure you don't lose the functionality.

Well I've been using DirectX since around v6 (and v3 for NT) so yea, we have some history together. At any rate I use .NET 2003 for all my real development, I just use vc6 when I need to test something out quickly.

Try my example... I did a litle example that is really easy take a look:

http://www.planet-source-code.com/vb...3511&lngWId=10