Thread: How To Make Capital Letter To Small Capital Letter??

  1. #1
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    Sep 2005
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    6

    How To Make Capital Letter To Small Capital Letter??

    How To Make Capital Letter To Small Capital Letter??

    example: i am A.I to I AM a.i

    below r the program i have done...

    Code:
    #include<iostream>
    #include <cstdlib> // For EXIT_FAILURE and EXIT_SUCCESS
    #include <fstream>
    #include<string>
    using namespace std;
    const int MAX=50;    // initialize max string size of 50 characters
    typedef char StackElement;  // define StackElement
    typedef char QueueElement;  // define QueueElement
    class Stack
    {
    public:
    	Stack(){top=-1;arr[MAX]=0;}   // default stack constructor
    		void push(StackElement & ch);  // push function
    		StackElement topNpop();         // top and pop functions combined
    		bool empty() const;            // empty function
    private:
    		StackElement arr[MAX];    // define char array
    		int	top;                  // define int top
    	
    };
    /*******************************************
    FUNCTION: push()
    DESCRIPTION: Pushes an element onto the stack
    PRECONDITION: Waiting for function call
    POSTCONTION: New element character on top of stack
    *******************************************/
    inline void Stack::push(StackElement & ch)
    {
    	if(top<MAX)
    	{
    		top++;          // increment top
    		arr[top]=ch;  // push onto stack
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		cout<<"Stack is full.\n";  // display stack is full
    	}
    
    
    }
    /*******************************************
    FUNCTION: topNpop()
    DESCRIPTION: Reads and pops top element off the stack
    PRECONDIION: Waiting for function call
    POSTCONDITION:  One element read and removed fromt he stack
    RETURN: Top element from stack
    ********************************************/
    
    inline StackElement Stack::topNpop()
    {
    	if(top>-1)
    	{
    		return(arr[top]);  // returns top element
    		top--;				// remove froms stack
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		cout<<"Stack is empty.\n";  // display stack is empty
    		return(0);
    
    	}
    
    }
    /*******************************************
    FUNCTION: empty()
    DESCRIPTION: returns result value if stack is empty
    PRECONDITION: result=false
    POSTCONDITION: result may be true or remain false
    RETURN: result if true or false
    ********************************************/			
    inline bool Stack::empty() const
    {
    	bool result=false;   // initialize bool as false
    	if (top==-1)         
    	{
    		result=true;        // if top is -1 return result true
    		return(result);
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		return(result);     // else return false
    	}
    }
    class Queue                           // Queue class
    {
    public:
    		Queue(){front=0, back=0;arr[MAX]=0;}   // Queue default constructor
    		void addq(QueueElement & ch);          // define addq 
    		QueueElement frontNremoveq();         // define frontNremove
    private:
    		QueueElement arr[MAX];            // initialize QueueElement array
    		int front, back;                  // initialize int front and back
    	
    };
    /*******************************************
    FUNCTION: addq()
    DESCRIPTION: adds an element onto the queue
    PRECONDITION: Waiting for element to add
    POSTCONDITION: New element now on the queue
    ********************************************/
    inline void Queue::addq(QueueElement &ch)
    {
    	if(front!=(back+1)%MAX)
    	{
    		arr[back]=ch;     // add element to back of queue
    		back=(back+1)%MAX;
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		cerr<<"Error Queue is full\n";  // display queue is full
    	}
    }
    /*******************************************
    FUNCTION: frontNremoveq()
    DESCRIPTION: reads and removes front element from queue
    PRECONDITION: front pointing to front of queue
    POSTCONDITION: front element is returned and then incremented
    ********************************************/
    inline QueueElement Queue::frontNremoveq()
    {
    	if(front!=back)
    	{
    		return(arr[front]);    // return front element
    		front++;				// remove front element
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		cout<<"Queue is empty.\n";  // display queue is empty
    		return(0);
    	}
    }
    
    /***************************MAIN******************************/
    int main()
    {
    	Stack S;	// initialize stack
    	Queue Q;	// initialize queue
    string s;
    	int i=0;	// initialze int 'i'
    	char string[MAX];  // initialize char string
    	bool RESULT=false;  // initilize bool RESULT to false
    	
    
      
    ifstream inside ("palindromeinput.txt");
      if (! inside.is_open())
      { cout << "Error opening file"; exit (1); }
    
      while (! inside.eof() )
      {
        inside.getline (string,100);
        cout << string << endl;
      }
    
    while(string[i]!=NULL)
    	{
    		S.push(string[i]);  // push chars individually from string to
    		Q.addq(string[i]);		// stack and queue
    		i++;      // next char
    	}
    	while(i>0)
    	{
    		if(S.topNpop()==Q.frontNremoveq())  // compare each element from
    		{										// stack and queue
    			RESULT=true;  // if same for all chars return true
    		}
    		else
    		{
    			RESULT=false;  // if not same for any char break and return false
    			break;
    		}
    		i--;
    	}	
    
    
    if(RESULT==true)
    	{
    		cout<<string<<" is a palindrome\n";  // display if true
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		cout<<string<<" is not a palindrome\n"; // display if false
    	}
    	
    
    
    ofstream outside ("palindromeoutput.txt");
      if (outside.is_open())
      {
      
    	 outside << string;
        outside<< string;
        outside.close();
      }
      return 0;
    }

  2. #2
    ^ Read Backwards^
    Join Date
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    First off, a “small” capital letter is called a lower case letter.

    http://www.cprogramming.com/fod/tolower.html
    http://www.cprogramming.com/fod/toupper.html

    Hell;
    http://faq.cprogramming.com/cgi-bin/...&id=1043284392

    Also there is a
    Code:
    bool islower(char)
    and 
    bool isupper(char)
    To check to see if it is upper or lower case.

  3. #3
    & the hat of GPL slaying Thantos's Avatar
    Join Date
    Sep 2001
    Posts
    5,681
    the proper prototype of islower and isupper is:
    Code:
    int isupper (int c);
    int islower (int c)

  4. #4
    ^ Read Backwards^
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    Posts
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    Both work. I find the other method more simple.

    P.S. to OP, either and all methods discussed require the <cctype> library.

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