I was playing around with the Nate Robbins opengl code today and particularly the transformation code. When I tried to use this code in code blocks it was giving me some problems, like unidentified references to functions already declared in the glm.h file and the glm.c file.
I initially attached my glm.c to my project folder but this still wouldn’t compile. In the end I copied all the contents of the glm.c file and put them into a 2nd header file, Jglm.h and included it main file and everything is working fine.
Ill include the code below, it can be downloaded here:
Nate Robins - OpenGL - Coding at SGI
What I want to know is why was this given as a .c file in the first place, is there a reason for this?
, Im assuming its "supposed" to compile as my .cpp linking to the .c file or I was just doing something else wrong.
Is it a good idea to make it a header file, will doing something like this cause me problems later on, and is it bad coding practice?
Main.cpp
Jglm.h, this was originally glm.c.Code:/* transformation.c Nate Robins, 1997 Tool for teaching about OpenGL transformations. */ #include <windows.h> #ifdef __APPLE__ #include <GLUT/glut.h> #else #include <GL/glut.h> #endif #include <math.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdarg.h> #include <string.h> #include "Jglm.h" typedef struct _cell { int id; int x, y; float min, max; float value; float step; char* info; char* format; } cell; cell translation[3] = { { 1, 120, 40, -5.0, 5.0, 0.0, 0.01, "Specifies X coordinate of translation vector.", "%.2f" }, { 2, 180, 40, -5.0, 5.0, 0.0, 0.01, "Specifies Y coordinate of translation vector.", "%.2f" }, { 3, 240, 40, -5.0, 5.0, 0.0, 0.01, "Specifies Z coordinate of translation vector.", "%.2f" }, }; cell rotation[4] = { { 4, 120, 80, -360.0, 360.0, 0.0, 1.0, "Specifies angle of rotation, in degrees.", "%.1f" }, { 5, 180, 80, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.01, "Specifies X coordinate of vector to rotate about.", "%.2f" }, { 6, 240, 80, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.01, "Specifies Y coordinate of vector to rotate about.", "%.2f" }, { 7, 300, 80, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.01, "Specifies Z coordinate of vector to rotate about.", "%.2f" }, }; cell scale[3] = { { 8, 120, 120, -5.0, 5.0, 1.0, 0.01, "Specifies scale factor along X axis.", "%.2f" }, { 9, 180, 120, -5.0, 5.0, 1.0, 0.01, "Specifies scale factor along Y axis.", "%.2f" }, { 10, 240, 120, -5.0, 5.0, 1.0, 0.01, "Specifies scale factor along Z axis.", "%.2f" }, }; GLfloat eye[3] = { 0.0, 0.0, 2.0 }; GLfloat at[3] = { 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 }; GLfloat up[3] = { 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 }; GLboolean swapped = GL_FALSE; GLboolean world_draw = GL_TRUE; GLMmodel* pmodel = NULL; GLint selection = 0; void redisplay_all(void); GLdouble projection[16], modelview[16], inverse[16]; GLuint window, world, screen, command; GLuint sub_width = 256, sub_height = 256; GLvoid *font_style = GLUT_BITMAP_TIMES_ROMAN_10; void setfont(char* name, int size) { font_style = GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_10; if (strcmp(name, "helvetica") == 0) { if (size == 12) font_style = GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_12; else if (size == 18) font_style = GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_18; } else if (strcmp(name, "times roman") == 0) { font_style = GLUT_BITMAP_TIMES_ROMAN_10; if (size == 24) font_style = GLUT_BITMAP_TIMES_ROMAN_24; } else if (strcmp(name, "8x13") == 0) { font_style = GLUT_BITMAP_8_BY_13; } else if (strcmp(name, "9x15") == 0) { font_style = GLUT_BITMAP_9_BY_15; } } void drawstr(GLuint x, GLuint y, char* format, ...) { va_list args; char buffer[255], *s; va_start(args, format); vsprintf(buffer, format, args); va_end(args); glRasterPos2i(x, y); for (s = buffer; *s; s++) glutBitmapCharacter(font_style, *s); } void cell_draw(cell* cell) { glColor3ub(0, 255, 128); if (selection == cell->id) { glColor3ub(255, 255, 0); drawstr(10, 240, cell->info); glColor3ub(255, 0, 0); } drawstr(cell->x, cell->y, cell->format, cell->value); } int cell_hit(cell* cell, int x, int y) { if (x > cell->x && x < cell->x + 60 && y > cell->y-30 && y < cell->y+10) return cell->id; return 0; } void cell_update(cell* cell, int update) { if (selection != cell->id) return; cell->value += update * cell->step; if (cell->value < cell->min) cell->value = cell->min; else if (cell->value > cell->max) cell->value = cell->max; } void cell_vector(float* dst, cell* cell, int num) { while (--num >= 0) dst[num] = cell[num].value; } void drawmodel(void) { if (!pmodel) { pmodel = glmReadOBJ("data/f-16.obj"); if (!pmodel) exit(0); glmUnitize(pmodel); glmFacetNormals(pmodel); glmVertexNormals(pmodel, 90.0); } glmDraw(pmodel, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL); } void drawaxes(void) { glColor3ub(255, 0, 0); glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.75, 0.25, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.75, -0.25, 0.0); glVertex3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.75, 0.0, 0.25); glVertex3f(0.75, 0.0, -0.25); glVertex3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); glEnd(); glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.75, 0.25); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.75, -0.25); glVertex3f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.25, 0.75, 0.0); glVertex3f(-0.25, 0.75, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); glEnd(); glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0.25, 0.0, 0.75); glVertex3f(-0.25, 0.0, 0.75); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.25, 0.75); glVertex3f(0.0, -0.25, 0.75); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); glEnd(); glColor3ub(255, 255, 0); glRasterPos3f(1.1, 0.0, 0.0); glutBitmapCharacter(GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_12, 'x'); glRasterPos3f(0.0, 1.1, 0.0); glutBitmapCharacter(GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_12, 'y'); glRasterPos3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.1); glutBitmapCharacter(GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_12, 'z'); } void identity(GLdouble m[16]) { m[0+4*0] = 1; m[0+4*1] = 0; m[0+4*2] = 0; m[0+4*3] = 0; m[1+4*0] = 0; m[1+4*1] = 1; m[1+4*2] = 0; m[1+4*3] = 0; m[2+4*0] = 0; m[2+4*1] = 0; m[2+4*2] = 1; m[2+4*3] = 0; m[3+4*0] = 0; m[3+4*1] = 0; m[3+4*2] = 0; m[3+4*3] = 1; } GLboolean invert(GLdouble src[16], GLdouble inverse[16]) { double t; int i, j, k, swap; GLdouble tmp[4][4]; identity(inverse); for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) { tmp[i][j] = src[i*4+j]; } } for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { /* look for largest element in column. */ swap = i; for (j = i + 1; j < 4; j++) { if (fabs(tmp[j][i]) > fabs(tmp[i][i])) { swap = j; } } if (swap != i) { /* swap rows. */ for (k = 0; k < 4; k++) { t = tmp[i][k]; tmp[i][k] = tmp[swap][k]; tmp[swap][k] = t; t = inverse[i*4+k]; inverse[i*4+k] = inverse[swap*4+k]; inverse[swap*4+k] = t; } } if (tmp[i][i] == 0) { /* no non-zero pivot. the matrix is singular, which shouldn't happen. This means the user gave us a bad matrix. */ return GL_FALSE; } t = tmp[i][i]; for (k = 0; k < 4; k++) { tmp[i][k] /= t; inverse[i*4+k] /= t; } for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) { if (j != i) { t = tmp[j][i]; for (k = 0; k < 4; k++) { tmp[j][k] -= tmp[i][k]*t; inverse[j*4+k] -= inverse[i*4+k]*t; } } } } return GL_TRUE; } float normalize(float* v) { float length; length = sqrt(v[0]*v[0] + v[1]*v[1] + v[2]*v[2]); v[0] /= length; v[1] /= length; v[2] /= length; return length; } void main_reshape(int width, int height) { glViewport(0, 0, width, height); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluOrtho2D(0, width, height, 0); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); #define GAP 25 /* gap between subwindows */ sub_width = (width-GAP*3)/2.0; sub_height = (height-GAP*3)/2.0; glutSetWindow(world); glutPositionWindow(GAP, GAP); glutReshapeWindow(sub_width, sub_height); glutSetWindow(screen); glutPositionWindow(GAP+sub_width+GAP, GAP); glutReshapeWindow(sub_width, sub_height); glutSetWindow(command); glutPositionWindow(GAP, GAP+sub_height+GAP); glutReshapeWindow(sub_width+GAP+sub_width, sub_height); } void main_display(void) { glClearColor(0.8, 0.8, 0.8, 0.0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glColor3ub(0, 0, 0); setfont("helvetica", 12); drawstr(GAP, GAP-5, "World-space view"); drawstr(GAP+sub_width+GAP, GAP-5, "Screen-space view"); drawstr(GAP, GAP+sub_height+GAP-5, "Command manipulation window"); glutSwapBuffers(); } void main_keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y) { switch (key) { case 's': swapped = !swapped; break; case 'r': translation[0].value = 0.0; translation[1].value = 0.0; translation[2].value = 0.0; rotation[0].value = 0.0; rotation[1].value = 0.0; rotation[2].value = 1.0; rotation[3].value = 0.0; scale[0].value = 1.0; scale[1].value = 1.0; scale[2].value = 1.0; break; case 27: exit(0); } redisplay_all(); } void world_reshape(int width, int height) { glViewport(0, 0, width, height); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(60.0, (GLfloat)width/height, 0.01, 256.0); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, -5.0); glRotatef(-45.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0); glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); } void world_display(void) { GLfloat pos[] = { 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 }; double length; float l[3]; l[0] = at[0] - eye[0]; l[1] = at[0] - eye[1]; l[2] = at[0] - eye[2]; length = normalize(l); invert(modelview, inverse); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); if (world_draw) { glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glPushMatrix(); glMultMatrixd(inverse); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, pos); glPopMatrix(); drawmodel(); glDisable(GL_LIGHTING); } glPushMatrix(); glMultMatrixd(inverse); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, pos); /* draw the axis and eye vector */ glPushMatrix(); glColor3ub(0, 0, 255); glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, -1.0*length); glVertex3f(0.1, 0.0, -0.9*length); glVertex3f(-0.1, 0.0, -0.9*length); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, -1.0*length); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.1, -0.9*length); glVertex3f(0.0, -0.1, -0.9*length); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, -1.0*length); glEnd(); glColor3ub(255, 255, 0); glRasterPos3f(0.0, 0.0, -1.1*length); glutBitmapCharacter(GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_12, 'e'); glColor3ub(255, 0, 0); glScalef(0.4, 0.4, 0.4); drawaxes(); glPopMatrix(); invert(projection, inverse); glMultMatrixd(inverse); /* draw the viewing frustum */ glColor3f(0.2, 0.2, 0.2); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glVertex3i(1, 1, 1); glVertex3i(-1, 1, 1); glVertex3i(-1, -1, 1); glVertex3i(1, -1, 1); glEnd(); glColor3ub(128, 196, 128); glBegin(GL_LINES); glVertex3i(1, 1, -1); glVertex3i(1, 1, 1); glVertex3i(-1, 1, -1); glVertex3i(-1, 1, 1); glVertex3i(-1, -1, -1); glVertex3i(-1, -1, 1); glVertex3i(1, -1, -1); glVertex3i(1, -1, 1); glEnd(); glEnable(GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); glColor4f(0.2, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glVertex3i(1, 1, -1); glVertex3i(-1, 1, -1); glVertex3i(-1, -1, -1); glVertex3i(1, -1, -1); glEnd(); glDisable(GL_BLEND); glPopMatrix(); glutSwapBuffers(); } void world_menu(int value) { switch (value) { case 'm': world_draw = !world_draw; break; } redisplay_all(); } void screen_reshape(int width, int height) { glViewport(0, 0, width, height); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(60.0, (float)width/height, 0.5, 8.0); glGetDoublev(GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX, projection); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); gluLookAt(eye[0], eye[1], eye[2], at[0], at[1], at[2], up[0], up[1],up[2]); if (swapped) { glRotatef(rotation[0].value, rotation[1].value, rotation[2].value, rotation[3].value); glTranslatef(translation[0].value, translation[1].value, translation[2].value); } else { glTranslatef(translation[0].value, translation[1].value, translation[2].value); glRotatef(rotation[0].value, rotation[1].value, rotation[2].value, rotation[3].value); } glScalef(scale[0].value, scale[1].value, scale[2].value); glGetDoublev(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, modelview); glClearColor(0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.0); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); } void screen_display(void) { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); drawmodel(); glutSwapBuffers(); } void screen_menu(int value) { char* name = 0; switch (value) { case 'a': name = "data/al.obj"; break; case 's': name = "data/soccerball.obj"; break; case 'd': name = "data/dolphins.obj"; break; case 'f': name = "data/flowers.obj"; break; case 'j': name = "data/f-16.obj"; break; case 'p': name = "data/porsche.obj"; break; case 'r': name = "data/rose+vase.obj"; break; } if (name) { pmodel = glmReadOBJ(name); if (!pmodel) exit(0); glmUnitize(pmodel); glmFacetNormals(pmodel); glmVertexNormals(pmodel, 90.0); } redisplay_all(); } void command_reshape(int width, int height) { glViewport(0, 0, width, height); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluOrtho2D(0, width, height, 0); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); } void command_display(void) { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); if (swapped) { translation[0].y = 80; translation[1].y = 80; translation[2].y = 80; rotation[0].y = 40; rotation[1].y = 40; rotation[2].y = 40; rotation[3].y = 40; } else { translation[0].y = 40; translation[1].y = 40; translation[2].y = 40; rotation[0].y = 80; rotation[1].y = 80; rotation[2].y = 80; rotation[3].y = 80; } glColor3ub(255, 255, 255); setfont("helvetica", 18); drawstr(30, rotation[0].y, "glRotatef("); drawstr(170, rotation[0].y, ","); drawstr(230, rotation[0].y, ","); drawstr(290, rotation[0].y, ","); drawstr(350, rotation[0].y, ");"); drawstr(10, translation[0].y, "glTranslatef("); drawstr(170, translation[0].y, ","); drawstr(230, translation[0].y, ","); drawstr(290, translation[0].y, ");"); drawstr(38, 120, "glScalef("); drawstr(170, 120, ","); drawstr(230, 120, ","); drawstr(290, 120, ");"); drawstr(41, 160, "glBegin( . . . );"); drawstr(41, 200, " . . ."); cell_draw(&translation[0]); cell_draw(&translation[1]); cell_draw(&translation[2]); cell_draw(&rotation[0]); cell_draw(&rotation[1]); cell_draw(&rotation[2]); cell_draw(&rotation[3]); cell_draw(&scale[0]); cell_draw(&scale[1]); cell_draw(&scale[2]); if (!selection) { glColor3ub(255, 255, 0); drawstr(10, 240, "Click on the arguments and move the mouse to modify values."); } glutSwapBuffers(); } int old_y; void command_mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y) { selection = 0; if (state == GLUT_DOWN) { /* mouse should only hit _one_ of the cells, so adding up all the hits just propagates a single hit. */ selection += cell_hit(&translation[0], x, y); selection += cell_hit(&translation[1], x, y); selection += cell_hit(&translation[2], x, y); selection += cell_hit(&rotation[0], x, y); selection += cell_hit(&rotation[1], x, y); selection += cell_hit(&rotation[2], x, y); selection += cell_hit(&rotation[3], x, y); selection += cell_hit(&scale[0], x, y); selection += cell_hit(&scale[1], x, y); selection += cell_hit(&scale[2], x, y); } old_y = y; redisplay_all(); } void command_motion(int x, int y) { cell_update(&translation[0], old_y-y); cell_update(&translation[1], old_y-y); cell_update(&translation[2], old_y-y); cell_update(&rotation[0], old_y-y); cell_update(&rotation[1], old_y-y); cell_update(&rotation[2], old_y-y); cell_update(&rotation[3], old_y-y); cell_update(&scale[0], old_y-y); cell_update(&scale[1], old_y-y); cell_update(&scale[2], old_y-y); old_y = y; redisplay_all(); } void command_menu(int value) { main_keyboard((unsigned char)value, 0, 0); } void redisplay_all(void) { glutSetWindow(command); glutPostRedisplay(); glutSetWindow(world); world_reshape(sub_width, sub_height); glutPostRedisplay(); glutSetWindow(screen); screen_reshape(sub_width, sub_height); glutPostRedisplay(); } int main(int argc, char** argv) { glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE); glutInitWindowSize(512+GAP*3, 512+GAP*3); glutInitWindowPosition(50, 50); glutInit(&argc, argv); window = glutCreateWindow("Transformation"); glutReshapeFunc(main_reshape); glutDisplayFunc(main_display); glutKeyboardFunc(main_keyboard); world = glutCreateSubWindow(window, GAP, GAP, 256, 256); glutReshapeFunc(world_reshape); glutDisplayFunc(world_display); glutKeyboardFunc(main_keyboard); glutCreateMenu(world_menu); glutAddMenuEntry("Toggle model", 'm'); glutAttachMenu(GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON); screen = glutCreateSubWindow(window, GAP+256+GAP, GAP, 256, 256); glutReshapeFunc(screen_reshape); glutDisplayFunc(screen_display); glutKeyboardFunc(main_keyboard); glutCreateMenu(screen_menu); glutAddMenuEntry("Models", 0); glutAddMenuEntry("", 0); glutAddMenuEntry("Soccerball", 's'); glutAddMenuEntry("Al Capone", 'a'); glutAddMenuEntry("F-16 Jet", 'j'); glutAddMenuEntry("Dolphins", 'd'); glutAddMenuEntry("Flowers", 'f'); glutAddMenuEntry("Porsche", 'p'); glutAddMenuEntry("Rose", 'r'); glutAttachMenu(GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON); command = glutCreateSubWindow(window, GAP+256+GAP, GAP+256+GAP, 256, 256); glutReshapeFunc(command_reshape); glutDisplayFunc(command_display); glutMotionFunc(command_motion); glutMouseFunc(command_mouse); glutKeyboardFunc(main_keyboard); glutCreateMenu(command_menu); glutAddMenuEntry("Projection", 0); glutAddMenuEntry("", 0); glutAddMenuEntry("[s] Swap translate/rotate", 's'); glutAddMenuEntry("[r] Reset parameters", 'r'); glutAddMenuEntry("", 0); glutAddMenuEntry("Quit", 27); glutAttachMenu(GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON); redisplay_all(); glutMainLoop(); return 0; }
glm.hCode:/* glm.c Nate Robins, 1997, 2000 [email protected], http://www.pobox.com/~nate Wavefront OBJ model file format reader/writer/manipulator. Includes routines for generating smooth normals with preservation of edges, welding redundant vertices & texture coordinate generation (spheremap and planar projections) + more. */ #include <math.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <assert.h> #include "glm.h" #define T(x) (model->triangles[(x)]) /* _GLMnode: general purpose node */ typedef struct _GLMnode { GLuint index; GLboolean averaged; struct _GLMnode* next; } GLMnode; /* glmMax: returns the maximum of two floats */ static GLfloat glmMax(GLfloat a, GLfloat b) { if (b > a) return b; return a; } /* glmAbs: returns the absolute value of a float */ static GLfloat glmAbs(GLfloat f) { if (f < 0) return -f; return f; } /* glmDot: compute the dot product of two vectors * * u - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat u[3]) * v - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat v[3]) */ static GLfloat glmDot(GLfloat* u, GLfloat* v) { assert(u); assert(v); return u[0]*v[0] + u[1]*v[1] + u[2]*v[2]; } /* glmCross: compute the cross product of two vectors * * u - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat u[3]) * v - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat v[3]) * n - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat n[3]) to return the cross product in */ static GLvoid glmCross(GLfloat* u, GLfloat* v, GLfloat* n) { assert(u); assert(v); assert(n); n[0] = u[1]*v[2] - u[2]*v[1]; n[1] = u[2]*v[0] - u[0]*v[2]; n[2] = u[0]*v[1] - u[1]*v[0]; } /* glmNormalize: normalize a vector * * v - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat v[3]) to be normalized */ static GLvoid glmNormalize(GLfloat* v) { GLfloat l; assert(v); l = (GLfloat)sqrt(v[0]*v[0] + v[1]*v[1] + v[2]*v[2]); v[0] /= l; v[1] /= l; v[2] /= l; } /* glmEqual: compares two vectors and returns GL_TRUE if they are * equal (within a certain threshold) or GL_FALSE if not. An epsilon * that works fairly well is 0.000001. * * u - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat u[3]) * v - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat v[3]) */ static GLboolean glmEqual(GLfloat* u, GLfloat* v, GLfloat epsilon) { if (glmAbs(u[0] - v[0]) < epsilon && glmAbs(u[1] - v[1]) < epsilon && glmAbs(u[2] - v[2]) < epsilon) { return GL_TRUE; } return GL_FALSE; } /* glmWeldVectors: eliminate (weld) vectors that are within an * epsilon of each other. * * vectors - array of GLfloat[3]'s to be welded * numvectors - number of GLfloat[3]'s in vectors * epsilon - maximum difference between vectors * */ GLfloat* glmWeldVectors(GLfloat* vectors, GLuint* numvectors, GLfloat epsilon) { GLfloat* copies; GLuint copied; GLuint i, j; copies = (GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat) * 3 * (*numvectors + 1)); memcpy(copies, vectors, (sizeof(GLfloat) * 3 * (*numvectors + 1))); copied = 1; for (i = 1; i <= *numvectors; i++) { for (j = 1; j <= copied; j++) { if (glmEqual(&vectors[3 * i], &copies[3 * j], epsilon)) { goto duplicate; } } /* must not be any duplicates -- add to the copies array */ copies[3 * copied + 0] = vectors[3 * i + 0]; copies[3 * copied + 1] = vectors[3 * i + 1]; copies[3 * copied + 2] = vectors[3 * i + 2]; j = copied; /* pass this along for below */ copied++; duplicate: /* set the first component of this vector to point at the correct index into the new copies array */ vectors[3 * i + 0] = (GLfloat)j; } *numvectors = copied-1; return copies; } /* glmFindGroup: Find a group in the model */ GLMgroup* glmFindGroup(GLMmodel* model, char* name) { GLMgroup* group; assert(model); group = model->groups; while(group) { if (!strcmp(name, group->name)) break; group = group->next; } return group; } /* glmAddGroup: Add a group to the model */ GLMgroup* glmAddGroup(GLMmodel* model, char* name) { GLMgroup* group; group = glmFindGroup(model, name); if (!group) { group = (GLMgroup*)malloc(sizeof(GLMgroup)); group->name = strdup(name); group->material = 0; group->numtriangles = 0; group->triangles = NULL; group->next = model->groups; model->groups = group; model->numgroups++; } return group; } /* glmFindGroup: Find a material in the model */ GLuint glmFindMaterial(GLMmodel* model, char* name) { GLuint i; /* XXX doing a linear search on a string key'd list is pretty lame, but it works and is fast enough for now. */ for (i = 0; i < model->nummaterials; i++) { if (!strcmp(model->materials[i].name, name)) goto found; } /* didn't find the name, so print a warning and return the default material (0). */ printf("glmFindMaterial(): can't find material \"%s\".\n", name); i = 0; found: return i; } /* glmDirName: return the directory given a path * * path - filesystem path * * NOTE: the return value should be free'd. */ static char* glmDirName(char* path) { char* dir; char* s; dir = strdup(path); s = strrchr(dir, '/'); if (s) s[1] = '\0'; else dir[0] = '\0'; return dir; } /* glmReadMTL: read a wavefront material library file * * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure * name - name of the material library */ static GLvoid glmReadMTL(GLMmodel* model, char* name) { FILE* file; char* dir; char* filename; char buf[128]; GLuint nummaterials, i; dir = glmDirName(model->pathname); filename = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char) * (strlen(dir) + strlen(name) + 1)); strcpy(filename, dir); strcat(filename, name); free(dir); file = fopen(filename, "r"); if (!file) { fprintf(stderr, "glmReadMTL() failed: can't open material file \"%s\".\n", filename); exit(1); } free(filename); /* count the number of materials in the file */ nummaterials = 1; while(fscanf(file, "%s", buf) != EOF) { switch(buf[0]) { case '#': /* comment */ /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); break; case 'n': /* newmtl */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); nummaterials++; sscanf(buf, "%s %s", buf, buf); break; default: /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); break; } } rewind(file); model->materials = (GLMmaterial*)malloc(sizeof(GLMmaterial) * nummaterials); model->nummaterials = nummaterials; /* set the default material */ for (i = 0; i < nummaterials; i++) { model->materials[i].name = NULL; model->materials[i].shininess = 65.0; model->materials[i].diffuse[0] = 0.8; model->materials[i].diffuse[1] = 0.8; model->materials[i].diffuse[2] = 0.8; model->materials[i].diffuse[3] = 1.0; model->materials[i].ambient[0] = 0.2; model->materials[i].ambient[1] = 0.2; model->materials[i].ambient[2] = 0.2; model->materials[i].ambient[3] = 1.0; model->materials[i].specular[0] = 0.0; model->materials[i].specular[1] = 0.0; model->materials[i].specular[2] = 0.0; model->materials[i].specular[3] = 1.0; } model->materials[0].name = strdup("default"); /* now, read in the data */ nummaterials = 0; while(fscanf(file, "%s", buf) != EOF) { switch(buf[0]) { case '#': /* comment */ /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); break; case 'n': /* newmtl */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); sscanf(buf, "%s %s", buf, buf); nummaterials++; model->materials[nummaterials].name = strdup(buf); break; case 'N': fscanf(file, "%f", &model->materials[nummaterials].shininess); /* wavefront shininess is from [0, 1000], so scale for OpenGL */ model->materials[nummaterials].shininess /= 1000.0; model->materials[nummaterials].shininess *= 128.0; break; case 'K': switch(buf[1]) { case 'd': fscanf(file, "%f %f %f", &model->materials[nummaterials].diffuse[0], &model->materials[nummaterials].diffuse[1], &model->materials[nummaterials].diffuse[2]); break; case 's': fscanf(file, "%f %f %f", &model->materials[nummaterials].specular[0], &model->materials[nummaterials].specular[1], &model->materials[nummaterials].specular[2]); break; case 'a': fscanf(file, "%f %f %f", &model->materials[nummaterials].ambient[0], &model->materials[nummaterials].ambient[1], &model->materials[nummaterials].ambient[2]); break; default: /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); break; } break; default: /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); break; } } } /* glmWriteMTL: write a wavefront material library file * * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure * modelpath - pathname of the model being written * mtllibname - name of the material library to be written */ static GLvoid glmWriteMTL(GLMmodel* model, char* modelpath, char* mtllibname) { FILE* file; char* dir; char* filename; GLMmaterial* material; GLuint i; dir = glmDirName(modelpath); filename = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char) * (strlen(dir)+strlen(mtllibname))); strcpy(filename, dir); strcat(filename, mtllibname); free(dir); /* open the file */ file = fopen(filename, "w"); if (!file) { fprintf(stderr, "glmWriteMTL() failed: can't open file \"%s\".\n", filename); exit(1); } free(filename); /* spit out a header */ fprintf(file, "# \n"); fprintf(file, "# Wavefront MTL generated by GLM library\n"); fprintf(file, "# \n"); fprintf(file, "# GLM library\n"); fprintf(file, "# Nate Robins\n"); fprintf(file, "# [email protected]\n"); fprintf(file, "# http://www.pobox.com/~ndr\n"); fprintf(file, "# \n\n"); for (i = 0; i < model->nummaterials; i++) { material = &model->materials[i]; fprintf(file, "newmtl %s\n", material->name); fprintf(file, "Ka %f %f %f\n", material->ambient[0], material->ambient[1], material->ambient[2]); fprintf(file, "Kd %f %f %f\n", material->diffuse[0], material->diffuse[1], material->diffuse[2]); fprintf(file, "Ks %f %f %f\n", material->specular[0],material->specular[1],material->specular[2]); fprintf(file, "Ns %f\n", material->shininess / 128.0 * 1000.0); fprintf(file, "\n"); } } /* glmFirstPass: first pass at a Wavefront OBJ file that gets all the * statistics of the model (such as #vertices, #normals, etc) * * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure * file - (fopen'd) file descriptor */ static GLvoid glmFirstPass(GLMmodel* model, FILE* file) { GLuint numvertices; /* number of vertices in model */ GLuint numnormals; /* number of normals in model */ GLuint numtexcoords; /* number of texcoords in model */ GLuint numtriangles; /* number of triangles in model */ GLMgroup* group; /* current group */ int v, n, t; char buf[128]; /* make a default group */ group = glmAddGroup(model, "default"); numvertices = numnormals = numtexcoords = numtriangles = 0; while(fscanf(file, "%s", buf) != EOF) { switch(buf[0]) { case '#': /* comment */ /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); break; case 'v': /* v, vn, vt */ switch(buf[1]) { case '\0': /* vertex */ /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); numvertices++; break; case 'n': /* normal */ /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); numnormals++; break; case 't': /* texcoord */ /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); numtexcoords++; break; default: printf("glmFirstPass(): Unknown token \"%s\".\n", buf); exit(1); break; } break; case 'm': fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); sscanf(buf, "%s %s", buf, buf); model->mtllibname = strdup(buf); glmReadMTL(model, buf); break; case 'u': /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); break; case 'g': /* group */ /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); #if SINGLE_STRING_GROUP_NAMES sscanf(buf, "%s", buf); #else buf[strlen(buf)-1] = '\0'; /* nuke '\n' */ #endif group = glmAddGroup(model, buf); break; case 'f': /* face */ v = n = t = 0; fscanf(file, "%s", buf); /* can be one of %d, %d//%d, %d/%d, %d/%d/%d %d//%d */ if (strstr(buf, "//")) { /* v//n */ sscanf(buf, "%d//%d", &v, &n); fscanf(file, "%d//%d", &v, &n); fscanf(file, "%d//%d", &v, &n); numtriangles++; group->numtriangles++; while(fscanf(file, "%d//%d", &v, &n) > 0) { numtriangles++; group->numtriangles++; } } else if (sscanf(buf, "%d/%d/%d", &v, &t, &n) == 3) { /* v/t/n */ fscanf(file, "%d/%d/%d", &v, &t, &n); fscanf(file, "%d/%d/%d", &v, &t, &n); numtriangles++; group->numtriangles++; while(fscanf(file, "%d/%d/%d", &v, &t, &n) > 0) { numtriangles++; group->numtriangles++; } } else if (sscanf(buf, "%d/%d", &v, &t) == 2) { /* v/t */ fscanf(file, "%d/%d", &v, &t); fscanf(file, "%d/%d", &v, &t); numtriangles++; group->numtriangles++; while(fscanf(file, "%d/%d", &v, &t) > 0) { numtriangles++; group->numtriangles++; } } else { /* v */ fscanf(file, "%d", &v); fscanf(file, "%d", &v); numtriangles++; group->numtriangles++; while(fscanf(file, "%d", &v) > 0) { numtriangles++; group->numtriangles++; } } break; default: /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); break; } } /* set the stats in the model structure */ model->numvertices = numvertices; model->numnormals = numnormals; model->numtexcoords = numtexcoords; model->numtriangles = numtriangles; /* allocate memory for the triangles in each group */ group = model->groups; while(group) { group->triangles = (GLuint*)malloc(sizeof(GLuint) * group->numtriangles); group->numtriangles = 0; group = group->next; } } /* glmSecondPass: second pass at a Wavefront OBJ file that gets all * the data. * * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure * file - (fopen'd) file descriptor */ static GLvoid glmSecondPass(GLMmodel* model, FILE* file) { GLuint numvertices; /* number of vertices in model */ GLuint numnormals; /* number of normals in model */ GLuint numtexcoords; /* number of texcoords in model */ GLuint numtriangles; /* number of triangles in model */ GLfloat* vertices; /* array of vertices */ GLfloat* normals; /* array of normals */ GLfloat* texcoords; /* array of texture coordinates */ GLMgroup* group; /* current group pointer */ GLuint material; /* current material */ int v, n, t; char buf[128]; /* set the pointer shortcuts */ vertices = model->vertices; normals = model->normals; texcoords = model->texcoords; group = model->groups; /* on the second pass through the file, read all the data into the allocated arrays */ numvertices = numnormals = numtexcoords = 1; numtriangles = 0; material = 0; while(fscanf(file, "%s", buf) != EOF) { switch(buf[0]) { case '#': /* comment */ /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); break; case 'v': /* v, vn, vt */ switch(buf[1]) { case '\0': /* vertex */ fscanf(file, "%f %f %f", &vertices[3 * numvertices + 0], &vertices[3 * numvertices + 1], &vertices[3 * numvertices + 2]); numvertices++; break; case 'n': /* normal */ fscanf(file, "%f %f %f", &normals[3 * numnormals + 0], &normals[3 * numnormals + 1], &normals[3 * numnormals + 2]); numnormals++; break; case 't': /* texcoord */ fscanf(file, "%f %f", &texcoords[2 * numtexcoords + 0], &texcoords[2 * numtexcoords + 1]); numtexcoords++; break; } break; case 'u': fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); sscanf(buf, "%s %s", buf, buf); group->material = material = glmFindMaterial(model, buf); break; case 'g': /* group */ /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); #if SINGLE_STRING_GROUP_NAMES sscanf(buf, "%s", buf); #else buf[strlen(buf)-1] = '\0'; /* nuke '\n' */ #endif group = glmFindGroup(model, buf); group->material = material; break; case 'f': /* face */ v = n = t = 0; fscanf(file, "%s", buf); /* can be one of %d, %d//%d, %d/%d, %d/%d/%d %d//%d */ if (strstr(buf, "//")) { /* v//n */ sscanf(buf, "%d//%d", &v, &n); T(numtriangles).vindices[0] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).nindices[0] = n < 0 ? n + numnormals : n; fscanf(file, "%d//%d", &v, &n); T(numtriangles).vindices[1] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).nindices[1] = n < 0 ? n + numnormals : n; fscanf(file, "%d//%d", &v, &n); T(numtriangles).vindices[2] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).nindices[2] = n < 0 ? n + numnormals : n; group->triangles[group->numtriangles++] = numtriangles; numtriangles++; while(fscanf(file, "%d//%d", &v, &n) > 0) { T(numtriangles).vindices[0] = T(numtriangles-1).vindices[0]; T(numtriangles).nindices[0] = T(numtriangles-1).nindices[0]; T(numtriangles).vindices[1] = T(numtriangles-1).vindices[2]; T(numtriangles).nindices[1] = T(numtriangles-1).nindices[2]; T(numtriangles).vindices[2] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).nindices[2] = n < 0 ? n + numnormals : n; group->triangles[group->numtriangles++] = numtriangles; numtriangles++; } } else if (sscanf(buf, "%d/%d/%d", &v, &t, &n) == 3) { /* v/t/n */ T(numtriangles).vindices[0] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).tindices[0] = t < 0 ? t + numtexcoords : t; T(numtriangles).nindices[0] = n < 0 ? n + numnormals : n; fscanf(file, "%d/%d/%d", &v, &t, &n); T(numtriangles).vindices[1] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).tindices[1] = t < 0 ? t + numtexcoords : t; T(numtriangles).nindices[1] = n < 0 ? n + numnormals : n; fscanf(file, "%d/%d/%d", &v, &t, &n); T(numtriangles).vindices[2] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).tindices[2] = t < 0 ? t + numtexcoords : t; T(numtriangles).nindices[2] = n < 0 ? n + numnormals : n; group->triangles[group->numtriangles++] = numtriangles; numtriangles++; while(fscanf(file, "%d/%d/%d", &v, &t, &n) > 0) { T(numtriangles).vindices[0] = T(numtriangles-1).vindices[0]; T(numtriangles).tindices[0] = T(numtriangles-1).tindices[0]; T(numtriangles).nindices[0] = T(numtriangles-1).nindices[0]; T(numtriangles).vindices[1] = T(numtriangles-1).vindices[2]; T(numtriangles).tindices[1] = T(numtriangles-1).tindices[2]; T(numtriangles).nindices[1] = T(numtriangles-1).nindices[2]; T(numtriangles).vindices[2] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).tindices[2] = t < 0 ? t + numtexcoords : t; T(numtriangles).nindices[2] = n < 0 ? n + numnormals : n; group->triangles[group->numtriangles++] = numtriangles; numtriangles++; } } else if (sscanf(buf, "%d/%d", &v, &t) == 2) { /* v/t */ T(numtriangles).vindices[0] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).tindices[0] = t < 0 ? t + numtexcoords : t; fscanf(file, "%d/%d", &v, &t); T(numtriangles).vindices[1] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).tindices[1] = t < 0 ? t + numtexcoords : t; fscanf(file, "%d/%d", &v, &t); T(numtriangles).vindices[2] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).tindices[2] = t < 0 ? t + numtexcoords : t; group->triangles[group->numtriangles++] = numtriangles; numtriangles++; while(fscanf(file, "%d/%d", &v, &t) > 0) { T(numtriangles).vindices[0] = T(numtriangles-1).vindices[0]; T(numtriangles).tindices[0] = T(numtriangles-1).tindices[0]; T(numtriangles).vindices[1] = T(numtriangles-1).vindices[2]; T(numtriangles).tindices[1] = T(numtriangles-1).tindices[2]; T(numtriangles).vindices[2] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; T(numtriangles).tindices[2] = t < 0 ? t + numtexcoords : t; group->triangles[group->numtriangles++] = numtriangles; numtriangles++; } } else { /* v */ sscanf(buf, "%d", &v); T(numtriangles).vindices[0] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; fscanf(file, "%d", &v); T(numtriangles).vindices[1] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; fscanf(file, "%d", &v); T(numtriangles).vindices[2] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; group->triangles[group->numtriangles++] = numtriangles; numtriangles++; while(fscanf(file, "%d", &v) > 0) { T(numtriangles).vindices[0] = T(numtriangles-1).vindices[0]; T(numtriangles).vindices[1] = T(numtriangles-1).vindices[2]; T(numtriangles).vindices[2] = v < 0 ? v + numvertices : v; group->triangles[group->numtriangles++] = numtriangles; numtriangles++; } } break; default: /* eat up rest of line */ fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file); break; } } #if 0 /* announce the memory requirements */ printf(" Memory: %d bytes\n", numvertices * 3*sizeof(GLfloat) + numnormals * 3*sizeof(GLfloat) * (numnormals ? 1 : 0) + numtexcoords * 3*sizeof(GLfloat) * (numtexcoords ? 1 : 0) + numtriangles * sizeof(GLMtriangle)); #endif } /* public functions */ /* glmUnitize: "unitize" a model by translating it to the origin and * scaling it to fit in a unit cube around the origin. Returns the * scalefactor used. * * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLfloat glmUnitize(GLMmodel* model) { GLuint i; GLfloat maxx, minx, maxy, miny, maxz, minz; GLfloat cx, cy, cz, w, h, d; GLfloat scale; assert(model); assert(model->vertices); /* get the max/mins */ maxx = minx = model->vertices[3 + 0]; maxy = miny = model->vertices[3 + 1]; maxz = minz = model->vertices[3 + 2]; for (i = 1; i <= model->numvertices; i++) { if (maxx < model->vertices[3 * i + 0]) maxx = model->vertices[3 * i + 0]; if (minx > model->vertices[3 * i + 0]) minx = model->vertices[3 * i + 0]; if (maxy < model->vertices[3 * i + 1]) maxy = model->vertices[3 * i + 1]; if (miny > model->vertices[3 * i + 1]) miny = model->vertices[3 * i + 1]; if (maxz < model->vertices[3 * i + 2]) maxz = model->vertices[3 * i + 2]; if (minz > model->vertices[3 * i + 2]) minz = model->vertices[3 * i + 2]; } /* calculate model width, height, and depth */ w = glmAbs(maxx) + glmAbs(minx); h = glmAbs(maxy) + glmAbs(miny); d = glmAbs(maxz) + glmAbs(minz); /* calculate center of the model */ cx = (maxx + minx) / 2.0; cy = (maxy + miny) / 2.0; cz = (maxz + minz) / 2.0; /* calculate unitizing scale factor */ scale = 2.0 / glmMax(glmMax(w, h), d); /* translate around center then scale */ for (i = 1; i <= model->numvertices; i++) { model->vertices[3 * i + 0] -= cx; model->vertices[3 * i + 1] -= cy; model->vertices[3 * i + 2] -= cz; model->vertices[3 * i + 0] *= scale; model->vertices[3 * i + 1] *= scale; model->vertices[3 * i + 2] *= scale; } return scale; } /* glmDimensions: Calculates the dimensions (width, height, depth) of * a model. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * dimensions - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat dimensions[3]) */ GLvoid glmDimensions(GLMmodel* model, GLfloat* dimensions) { GLuint i; GLfloat maxx, minx, maxy, miny, maxz, minz; assert(model); assert(model->vertices); assert(dimensions); /* get the max/mins */ maxx = minx = model->vertices[3 + 0]; maxy = miny = model->vertices[3 + 1]; maxz = minz = model->vertices[3 + 2]; for (i = 1; i <= model->numvertices; i++) { if (maxx < model->vertices[3 * i + 0]) maxx = model->vertices[3 * i + 0]; if (minx > model->vertices[3 * i + 0]) minx = model->vertices[3 * i + 0]; if (maxy < model->vertices[3 * i + 1]) maxy = model->vertices[3 * i + 1]; if (miny > model->vertices[3 * i + 1]) miny = model->vertices[3 * i + 1]; if (maxz < model->vertices[3 * i + 2]) maxz = model->vertices[3 * i + 2]; if (minz > model->vertices[3 * i + 2]) minz = model->vertices[3 * i + 2]; } /* calculate model width, height, and depth */ dimensions[0] = glmAbs(maxx) + glmAbs(minx); dimensions[1] = glmAbs(maxy) + glmAbs(miny); dimensions[2] = glmAbs(maxz) + glmAbs(minz); } /* glmScale: Scales a model by a given amount. * * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure * scale - scalefactor (0.5 = half as large, 2.0 = twice as large) */ GLvoid glmScale(GLMmodel* model, GLfloat scale) { GLuint i; for (i = 1; i <= model->numvertices; i++) { model->vertices[3 * i + 0] *= scale; model->vertices[3 * i + 1] *= scale; model->vertices[3 * i + 2] *= scale; } } /* glmReverseWinding: Reverse the polygon winding for all polygons in * this model. Default winding is counter-clockwise. Also changes * the direction of the normals. * * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLvoid glmReverseWinding(GLMmodel* model) { GLuint i, swap; assert(model); for (i = 0; i < model->numtriangles; i++) { swap = T(i).vindices[0]; T(i).vindices[0] = T(i).vindices[2]; T(i).vindices[2] = swap; if (model->numnormals) { swap = T(i).nindices[0]; T(i).nindices[0] = T(i).nindices[2]; T(i).nindices[2] = swap; } if (model->numtexcoords) { swap = T(i).tindices[0]; T(i).tindices[0] = T(i).tindices[2]; T(i).tindices[2] = swap; } } /* reverse facet normals */ for (i = 1; i <= model->numfacetnorms; i++) { model->facetnorms[3 * i + 0] = -model->facetnorms[3 * i + 0]; model->facetnorms[3 * i + 1] = -model->facetnorms[3 * i + 1]; model->facetnorms[3 * i + 2] = -model->facetnorms[3 * i + 2]; } /* reverse vertex normals */ for (i = 1; i <= model->numnormals; i++) { model->normals[3 * i + 0] = -model->normals[3 * i + 0]; model->normals[3 * i + 1] = -model->normals[3 * i + 1]; model->normals[3 * i + 2] = -model->normals[3 * i + 2]; } } /* glmFacetNormals: Generates facet normals for a model (by taking the * cross product of the two vectors derived from the sides of each * triangle). Assumes a counter-clockwise winding. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLvoid glmFacetNormals(GLMmodel* model) { GLuint i; GLfloat u[3]; GLfloat v[3]; assert(model); assert(model->vertices); /* clobber any old facetnormals */ if (model->facetnorms) free(model->facetnorms); /* allocate memory for the new facet normals */ model->numfacetnorms = model->numtriangles; model->facetnorms = (GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat) * 3 * (model->numfacetnorms + 1)); for (i = 0; i < model->numtriangles; i++) { model->triangles[i].findex = i+1; u[0] = model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[1] + 0] - model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[0] + 0]; u[1] = model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[1] + 1] - model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[0] + 1]; u[2] = model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[1] + 2] - model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[0] + 2]; v[0] = model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[2] + 0] - model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[0] + 0]; v[1] = model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[2] + 1] - model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[0] + 1]; v[2] = model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[2] + 2] - model->vertices[3 * T(i).vindices[0] + 2]; glmCross(u, v, &model->facetnorms[3 * (i+1)]); glmNormalize(&model->facetnorms[3 * (i+1)]); } } /* glmVertexNormals: Generates smooth vertex normals for a model. * First builds a list of all the triangles each vertex is in. Then * loops through each vertex in the the list averaging all the facet * normals of the triangles each vertex is in. Finally, sets the * normal index in the triangle for the vertex to the generated smooth * normal. If the dot product of a facet normal and the facet normal * associated with the first triangle in the list of triangles the * current vertex is in is greater than the cosine of the angle * parameter to the function, that facet normal is not added into the * average normal calculation and the corresponding vertex is given * the facet normal. This tends to preserve hard edges. The angle to * use depends on the model, but 90 degrees is usually a good start. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * angle - maximum angle (in degrees) to smooth across */ GLvoid glmVertexNormals(GLMmodel* model, GLfloat angle) { GLMnode* node; GLMnode* tail; GLMnode** members; GLfloat* normals; GLuint numnormals; GLfloat average[3]; GLfloat dot, cos_angle; GLuint i, avg; assert(model); assert(model->facetnorms); /* calculate the cosine of the angle (in degrees) */ cos_angle = cos(angle * M_PI / 180.0); /* nuke any previous normals */ if (model->normals) free(model->normals); /* allocate space for new normals */ model->numnormals = model->numtriangles * 3; /* 3 normals per triangle */ model->normals = (GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat)* 3* (model->numnormals+1)); /* allocate a structure that will hold a linked list of triangle indices for each vertex */ members = (GLMnode**)malloc(sizeof(GLMnode*) * (model->numvertices + 1)); for (i = 1; i <= model->numvertices; i++) members[i] = NULL; /* for every triangle, create a node for each vertex in it */ for (i = 0; i < model->numtriangles; i++) { node = (GLMnode*)malloc(sizeof(GLMnode)); node->index = i; node->next = members[T(i).vindices[0]]; members[T(i).vindices[0]] = node; node = (GLMnode*)malloc(sizeof(GLMnode)); node->index = i; node->next = members[T(i).vindices[1]]; members[T(i).vindices[1]] = node; node = (GLMnode*)malloc(sizeof(GLMnode)); node->index = i; node->next = members[T(i).vindices[2]]; members[T(i).vindices[2]] = node; } /* calculate the average normal for each vertex */ numnormals = 1; for (i = 1; i <= model->numvertices; i++) { /* calculate an average normal for this vertex by averaging the facet normal of every triangle this vertex is in */ node = members[i]; if (!node) fprintf(stderr, "glmVertexNormals(): vertex w/o a triangle\n"); average[0] = 0.0; average[1] = 0.0; average[2] = 0.0; avg = 0; while (node) { /* only average if the dot product of the angle between the two facet normals is greater than the cosine of the threshold angle -- or, said another way, the angle between the two facet normals is less than (or equal to) the threshold angle */ dot = glmDot(&model->facetnorms[3 * T(node->index).findex], &model->facetnorms[3 * T(members[i]->index).findex]); if (dot > cos_angle) { node->averaged = GL_TRUE; average[0] += model->facetnorms[3 * T(node->index).findex + 0]; average[1] += model->facetnorms[3 * T(node->index).findex + 1]; average[2] += model->facetnorms[3 * T(node->index).findex + 2]; avg = 1; /* we averaged at least one normal! */ } else { node->averaged = GL_FALSE; } node = node->next; } if (avg) { /* normalize the averaged normal */ glmNormalize(average); /* add the normal to the vertex normals list */ model->normals[3 * numnormals + 0] = average[0]; model->normals[3 * numnormals + 1] = average[1]; model->normals[3 * numnormals + 2] = average[2]; avg = numnormals; numnormals++; } /* set the normal of this vertex in each triangle it is in */ node = members[i]; while (node) { if (node->averaged) { /* if this node was averaged, use the average normal */ if (T(node->index).vindices[0] == i) T(node->index).nindices[0] = avg; else if (T(node->index).vindices[1] == i) T(node->index).nindices[1] = avg; else if (T(node->index).vindices[2] == i) T(node->index).nindices[2] = avg; } else { /* if this node wasn't averaged, use the facet normal */ model->normals[3 * numnormals + 0] = model->facetnorms[3 * T(node->index).findex + 0]; model->normals[3 * numnormals + 1] = model->facetnorms[3 * T(node->index).findex + 1]; model->normals[3 * numnormals + 2] = model->facetnorms[3 * T(node->index).findex + 2]; if (T(node->index).vindices[0] == i) T(node->index).nindices[0] = numnormals; else if (T(node->index).vindices[1] == i) T(node->index).nindices[1] = numnormals; else if (T(node->index).vindices[2] == i) T(node->index).nindices[2] = numnormals; numnormals++; } node = node->next; } } model->numnormals = numnormals - 1; /* free the member information */ for (i = 1; i <= model->numvertices; i++) { node = members[i]; while (node) { tail = node; node = node->next; free(tail); } } free(members); /* pack the normals array (we previously allocated the maximum number of normals that could possibly be created (numtriangles * 3), so get rid of some of them (usually alot unless none of the facet normals were averaged)) */ normals = model->normals; model->normals = (GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat)* 3* (model->numnormals+1)); for (i = 1; i <= model->numnormals; i++) { model->normals[3 * i + 0] = normals[3 * i + 0]; model->normals[3 * i + 1] = normals[3 * i + 1]; model->normals[3 * i + 2] = normals[3 * i + 2]; } free(normals); } /* glmLinearTexture: Generates texture coordinates according to a * linear projection of the texture map. It generates these by * linearly mapping the vertices onto a square. * * model - pointer to initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLvoid glmLinearTexture(GLMmodel* model) { GLMgroup *group; GLfloat dimensions[3]; GLfloat x, y, scalefactor; GLuint i; assert(model); if (model->texcoords) free(model->texcoords); model->numtexcoords = model->numvertices; model->texcoords=(GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat)*2*(model->numtexcoords+1)); glmDimensions(model, dimensions); scalefactor = 2.0 / glmAbs(glmMax(glmMax(dimensions[0], dimensions[1]), dimensions[2])); /* do the calculations */ for(i = 1; i <= model->numvertices; i++) { x = model->vertices[3 * i + 0] * scalefactor; y = model->vertices[3 * i + 2] * scalefactor; model->texcoords[2 * i + 0] = (x + 1.0) / 2.0; model->texcoords[2 * i + 1] = (y + 1.0) / 2.0; } /* go through and put texture coordinate indices in all the triangles */ group = model->groups; while(group) { for(i = 0; i < group->numtriangles; i++) { T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[0] = T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[0]; T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[1] = T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[1]; T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[2] = T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[2]; } group = group->next; } #if 0 printf("glmLinearTexture(): generated %d linear texture coordinates\n", model->numtexcoords); #endif } /* glmSpheremapTexture: Generates texture coordinates according to a * spherical projection of the texture map. Sometimes referred to as * spheremap, or reflection map texture coordinates. It generates * these by using the normal to calculate where that vertex would map * onto a sphere. Since it is impossible to map something flat * perfectly onto something spherical, there is distortion at the * poles. This particular implementation causes the poles along the X * axis to be distorted. * * model - pointer to initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLvoid glmSpheremapTexture(GLMmodel* model) { GLMgroup* group; GLfloat theta, phi, rho, x, y, z, r; GLuint i; assert(model); assert(model->normals); if (model->texcoords) free(model->texcoords); model->numtexcoords = model->numnormals; model->texcoords=(GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat)*2*(model->numtexcoords+1)); for (i = 1; i <= model->numnormals; i++) { z = model->normals[3 * i + 0]; /* re-arrange for pole distortion */ y = model->normals[3 * i + 1]; x = model->normals[3 * i + 2]; r = sqrt((x * x) + (y * y)); rho = sqrt((r * r) + (z * z)); if(r == 0.0) { theta = 0.0; phi = 0.0; } else { if(z == 0.0) phi = 3.14159265 / 2.0; else phi = acos(z / rho); if(y == 0.0) theta = 3.141592365 / 2.0; else theta = asin(y / r) + (3.14159265 / 2.0); } model->texcoords[2 * i + 0] = theta / 3.14159265; model->texcoords[2 * i + 1] = phi / 3.14159265; } /* go through and put texcoord indices in all the triangles */ group = model->groups; while(group) { for (i = 0; i < group->numtriangles; i++) { T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[0] = T(group->triangles[i]).nindices[0]; T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[1] = T(group->triangles[i]).nindices[1]; T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[2] = T(group->triangles[i]).nindices[2]; } group = group->next; } } /* glmDelete: Deletes a GLMmodel structure. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLvoid glmDelete(GLMmodel* model) { GLMgroup* group; GLuint i; assert(model); if (model->pathname) free(model->pathname); if (model->mtllibname) free(model->mtllibname); if (model->vertices) free(model->vertices); if (model->normals) free(model->normals); if (model->texcoords) free(model->texcoords); if (model->facetnorms) free(model->facetnorms); if (model->triangles) free(model->triangles); if (model->materials) { for (i = 0; i < model->nummaterials; i++) free(model->materials[i].name); } free(model->materials); while(model->groups) { group = model->groups; model->groups = model->groups->next; free(group->name); free(group->triangles); free(group); } free(model); } /* glmReadOBJ: Reads a model description from a Wavefront .OBJ file. * Returns a pointer to the created object which should be free'd with * glmDelete(). * * filename - name of the file containing the Wavefront .OBJ format data. */ GLMmodel* glmReadOBJ(char* filename) { GLMmodel* model; FILE* file; /* open the file */ file = fopen(filename, "r"); if (!file) { fprintf(stderr, "glmReadOBJ() failed: can't open data file \"%s\".\n", filename); exit(1); } /* allocate a new model */ model = (GLMmodel*)malloc(sizeof(GLMmodel)); model->pathname = strdup(filename); model->mtllibname = NULL; model->numvertices = 0; model->vertices = NULL; model->numnormals = 0; model->normals = NULL; model->numtexcoords = 0; model->texcoords = NULL; model->numfacetnorms = 0; model->facetnorms = NULL; model->numtriangles = 0; model->triangles = NULL; model->nummaterials = 0; model->materials = NULL; model->numgroups = 0; model->groups = NULL; model->position[0] = 0.0; model->position[1] = 0.0; model->position[2] = 0.0; /* make a first pass through the file to get a count of the number of vertices, normals, texcoords & triangles */ glmFirstPass(model, file); /* allocate memory */ model->vertices = (GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat) * 3 * (model->numvertices + 1)); model->triangles = (GLMtriangle*)malloc(sizeof(GLMtriangle) * model->numtriangles); if (model->numnormals) { model->normals = (GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat) * 3 * (model->numnormals + 1)); } if (model->numtexcoords) { model->texcoords = (GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat) * 2 * (model->numtexcoords + 1)); } /* rewind to beginning of file and read in the data this pass */ rewind(file); glmSecondPass(model, file); /* close the file */ fclose(file); return model; } /* glmWriteOBJ: Writes a model description in Wavefront .OBJ format to * a file. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * filename - name of the file to write the Wavefront .OBJ format data to * mode - a bitwise or of values describing what is written to the file * GLM_NONE - render with only vertices * GLM_FLAT - render with facet normals * GLM_SMOOTH - render with vertex normals * GLM_TEXTURE - render with texture coords * GLM_COLOR - render with colors (color material) * GLM_MATERIAL - render with materials * GLM_COLOR and GLM_MATERIAL should not both be specified. * GLM_FLAT and GLM_SMOOTH should not both be specified. */ GLvoid glmWriteOBJ(GLMmodel* model, char* filename, GLuint mode) { GLuint i; FILE* file; GLMgroup* group; assert(model); /* do a bit of warning */ if (mode & GLM_FLAT && !model->facetnorms) { printf("glmWriteOBJ() warning: flat normal output requested " "with no facet normals defined.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_FLAT; } if (mode & GLM_SMOOTH && !model->normals) { printf("glmWriteOBJ() warning: smooth normal output requested " "with no normals defined.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_SMOOTH; } if (mode & GLM_TEXTURE && !model->texcoords) { printf("glmWriteOBJ() warning: texture coordinate output requested " "with no texture coordinates defined.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_TEXTURE; } if (mode & GLM_FLAT && mode & GLM_SMOOTH) { printf("glmWriteOBJ() warning: flat normal output requested " "and smooth normal output requested (using smooth).\n"); mode &= ~GLM_FLAT; } if (mode & GLM_COLOR && !model->materials) { printf("glmWriteOBJ() warning: color output requested " "with no colors (materials) defined.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_COLOR; } if (mode & GLM_MATERIAL && !model->materials) { printf("glmWriteOBJ() warning: material output requested " "with no materials defined.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_MATERIAL; } if (mode & GLM_COLOR && mode & GLM_MATERIAL) { printf("glmWriteOBJ() warning: color and material output requested " "outputting only materials.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_COLOR; } /* open the file */ file = fopen(filename, "w"); if (!file) { fprintf(stderr, "glmWriteOBJ() failed: can't open file \"%s\" to write.\n", filename); exit(1); } /* spit out a header */ fprintf(file, "# \n"); fprintf(file, "# Wavefront OBJ generated by GLM library\n"); fprintf(file, "# \n"); fprintf(file, "# GLM library\n"); fprintf(file, "# Nate Robins\n"); fprintf(file, "# [email protected]\n"); fprintf(file, "# http://www.pobox.com/~ndr\n"); fprintf(file, "# \n"); if (mode & GLM_MATERIAL && model->mtllibname) { fprintf(file, "\nmtllib %s\n\n", model->mtllibname); glmWriteMTL(model, filename, model->mtllibname); } /* spit out the vertices */ fprintf(file, "\n"); fprintf(file, "# %d vertices\n", model->numvertices); for (i = 1; i <= model->numvertices; i++) { fprintf(file, "v %f %f %f\n", model->vertices[3 * i + 0], model->vertices[3 * i + 1], model->vertices[3 * i + 2]); } /* spit out the smooth/flat normals */ if (mode & GLM_SMOOTH) { fprintf(file, "\n"); fprintf(file, "# %d normals\n", model->numnormals); for (i = 1; i <= model->numnormals; i++) { fprintf(file, "vn %f %f %f\n", model->normals[3 * i + 0], model->normals[3 * i + 1], model->normals[3 * i + 2]); } } else if (mode & GLM_FLAT) { fprintf(file, "\n"); fprintf(file, "# %d normals\n", model->numfacetnorms); for (i = 1; i <= model->numnormals; i++) { fprintf(file, "vn %f %f %f\n", model->facetnorms[3 * i + 0], model->facetnorms[3 * i + 1], model->facetnorms[3 * i + 2]); } } /* spit out the texture coordinates */ if (mode & GLM_TEXTURE) { fprintf(file, "\n"); fprintf(file, "# %d texcoords\n", model->numtexcoords); for (i = 1; i <= model->numtexcoords; i++) { fprintf(file, "vt %f %f\n", model->texcoords[2 * i + 0], model->texcoords[2 * i + 1]); } } fprintf(file, "\n"); fprintf(file, "# %d groups\n", model->numgroups); fprintf(file, "# %d faces (triangles)\n", model->numtriangles); fprintf(file, "\n"); group = model->groups; while(group) { fprintf(file, "g %s\n", group->name); if (mode & GLM_MATERIAL) fprintf(file, "usemtl %s\n", model->materials[group->material].name); for (i = 0; i < group->numtriangles; i++) { if (mode & GLM_SMOOTH && mode & GLM_TEXTURE) { fprintf(file, "f %d/%d/%d %d/%d/%d %d/%d/%d\n", T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[0], T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[0], T(group->triangles[i]).nindices[0], T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[1], T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[1], T(group->triangles[i]).nindices[1], T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[2], T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[2], T(group->triangles[i]).nindices[2]); } else if (mode & GLM_FLAT && mode & GLM_TEXTURE) { fprintf(file, "f %d/%d %d/%d %d/%d\n", T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[0], T(group->triangles[i]).findex, T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[1], T(group->triangles[i]).findex, T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[2], T(group->triangles[i]).findex); } else if (mode & GLM_TEXTURE) { fprintf(file, "f %d/%d %d/%d %d/%d\n", T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[0], T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[0], T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[1], T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[1], T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[2], T(group->triangles[i]).tindices[2]); } else if (mode & GLM_SMOOTH) { fprintf(file, "f %d//%d %d//%d %d//%d\n", T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[0], T(group->triangles[i]).nindices[0], T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[1], T(group->triangles[i]).nindices[1], T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[2], T(group->triangles[i]).nindices[2]); } else if (mode & GLM_FLAT) { fprintf(file, "f %d//%d %d//%d %d//%d\n", T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[0], T(group->triangles[i]).findex, T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[1], T(group->triangles[i]).findex, T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[2], T(group->triangles[i]).findex); } else { fprintf(file, "f %d %d %d\n", T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[0], T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[1], T(group->triangles[i]).vindices[2]); } } fprintf(file, "\n"); group = group->next; } fclose(file); } /* glmDraw: Renders the model to the current OpenGL context using the * mode specified. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * mode - a bitwise OR of values describing what is to be rendered. * GLM_NONE - render with only vertices * GLM_FLAT - render with facet normals * GLM_SMOOTH - render with vertex normals * GLM_TEXTURE - render with texture coords * GLM_COLOR - render with colors (color material) * GLM_MATERIAL - render with materials * GLM_COLOR and GLM_MATERIAL should not both be specified. * GLM_FLAT and GLM_SMOOTH should not both be specified. */ GLvoid glmDraw(GLMmodel* model, GLuint mode) { static GLuint i; static GLMgroup* group; static GLMtriangle* triangle; static GLMmaterial* material; assert(model); assert(model->vertices); /* do a bit of warning */ if (mode & GLM_FLAT && !model->facetnorms) { printf("glmDraw() warning: flat render mode requested " "with no facet normals defined.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_FLAT; } if (mode & GLM_SMOOTH && !model->normals) { printf("glmDraw() warning: smooth render mode requested " "with no normals defined.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_SMOOTH; } if (mode & GLM_TEXTURE && !model->texcoords) { printf("glmDraw() warning: texture render mode requested " "with no texture coordinates defined.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_TEXTURE; } if (mode & GLM_FLAT && mode & GLM_SMOOTH) { printf("glmDraw() warning: flat render mode requested " "and smooth render mode requested (using smooth).\n"); mode &= ~GLM_FLAT; } if (mode & GLM_COLOR && !model->materials) { printf("glmDraw() warning: color render mode requested " "with no materials defined.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_COLOR; } if (mode & GLM_MATERIAL && !model->materials) { printf("glmDraw() warning: material render mode requested " "with no materials defined.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_MATERIAL; } if (mode & GLM_COLOR && mode & GLM_MATERIAL) { printf("glmDraw() warning: color and material render mode requested " "using only material mode.\n"); mode &= ~GLM_COLOR; } if (mode & GLM_COLOR) glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); else if (mode & GLM_MATERIAL) glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); /* perhaps this loop should be unrolled into material, color, flat, smooth, etc. loops? since most cpu's have good branch prediction schemes (and these branches will always go one way), probably wouldn't gain too much? */ group = model->groups; while (group) { if (mode & GLM_MATERIAL) { material = &model->materials[group->material]; glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT, material->ambient); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_DIFFUSE, material->diffuse); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SPECULAR, material->specular); glMaterialf(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SHININESS, material->shininess); } if (mode & GLM_COLOR) { glColor3fv(material->diffuse); } glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); for (i = 0; i < group->numtriangles; i++) { triangle = &T(group->triangles[i]); if (mode & GLM_FLAT) glNormal3fv(&model->facetnorms[3 * triangle->findex]); if (mode & GLM_SMOOTH) glNormal3fv(&model->normals[3 * triangle->nindices[0]]); if (mode & GLM_TEXTURE) glTexCoord2fv(&model->texcoords[2 * triangle->tindices[0]]); glVertex3fv(&model->vertices[3 * triangle->vindices[0]]); if (mode & GLM_SMOOTH) glNormal3fv(&model->normals[3 * triangle->nindices[1]]); if (mode & GLM_TEXTURE) glTexCoord2fv(&model->texcoords[2 * triangle->tindices[1]]); glVertex3fv(&model->vertices[3 * triangle->vindices[1]]); if (mode & GLM_SMOOTH) glNormal3fv(&model->normals[3 * triangle->nindices[2]]); if (mode & GLM_TEXTURE) glTexCoord2fv(&model->texcoords[2 * triangle->tindices[2]]); glVertex3fv(&model->vertices[3 * triangle->vindices[2]]); } glEnd(); group = group->next; } } /* glmList: Generates and returns a display list for the model using * the mode specified. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * mode - a bitwise OR of values describing what is to be rendered. * GLM_NONE - render with only vertices * GLM_FLAT - render with facet normals * GLM_SMOOTH - render with vertex normals * GLM_TEXTURE - render with texture coords * GLM_COLOR - render with colors (color material) * GLM_MATERIAL - render with materials * GLM_COLOR and GLM_MATERIAL should not both be specified. * GLM_FLAT and GLM_SMOOTH should not both be specified. */ GLuint glmList(GLMmodel* model, GLuint mode) { GLuint list; list = glGenLists(1); glNewList(list, GL_COMPILE); glmDraw(model, mode); glEndList(); return list; } /* glmWeld: eliminate (weld) vectors that are within an epsilon of * each other. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * epsilon - maximum difference between vertices * ( 0.00001 is a good start for a unitized model) * */ GLvoid glmWeld(GLMmodel* model, GLfloat epsilon) { GLfloat* vectors; GLfloat* copies; GLuint numvectors; GLuint i; /* vertices */ numvectors = model->numvertices; vectors = model->vertices; copies = glmWeldVectors(vectors, &numvectors, epsilon); #if 0 printf("glmWeld(): %d redundant vertices.\n", model->numvertices - numvectors - 1); #endif for (i = 0; i < model->numtriangles; i++) { T(i).vindices[0] = (GLuint)vectors[3 * T(i).vindices[0] + 0]; T(i).vindices[1] = (GLuint)vectors[3 * T(i).vindices[1] + 0]; T(i).vindices[2] = (GLuint)vectors[3 * T(i).vindices[2] + 0]; } /* free space for old vertices */ free(vectors); /* allocate space for the new vertices */ model->numvertices = numvectors; model->vertices = (GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat) * 3 * (model->numvertices + 1)); /* copy the optimized vertices into the actual vertex list */ for (i = 1; i <= model->numvertices; i++) { model->vertices[3 * i + 0] = copies[3 * i + 0]; model->vertices[3 * i + 1] = copies[3 * i + 1]; model->vertices[3 * i + 2] = copies[3 * i + 2]; } free(copies); } /* glmReadPPM: read a PPM raw (type P6) file. The PPM file has a header * that should look something like: * * P6 * # comment * width height max_value * rgbrgbrgb... * * where "P6" is the magic cookie which identifies the file type and * should be the only characters on the first line followed by a * carriage return. Any line starting with a # mark will be treated * as a comment and discarded. After the magic cookie, three integer * values are expected: width, height of the image and the maximum * value for a pixel (max_value must be < 256 for PPM raw files). The * data section consists of width*height rgb triplets (one byte each) * in binary format (i.e., such as that written with fwrite() or * equivalent). * * The rgb data is returned as an array of unsigned chars (packed * rgb). The malloc()'d memory should be free()'d by the caller. If * an error occurs, an error message is sent to stderr and NULL is * returned. * * filename - name of the .ppm file. * width - will contain the width of the image on return. * height - will contain the height of the image on return. * */ GLubyte* glmReadPPM(char* filename, int* width, int* height) { FILE* fp; int i, w, h, d; unsigned char* image; char head[70]; /* max line <= 70 in PPM (per spec). */ fp = fopen(filename, "rb"); if (!fp) { perror(filename); return NULL; } /* grab first two chars of the file and make sure that it has the correct magic cookie for a raw PPM file. */ fgets(head, 70, fp); if (strncmp(head, "P6", 2)) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: Not a raw PPM file\n", filename); return NULL; } /* grab the three elements in the header (width, height, maxval). */ i = 0; while(i < 3) { fgets(head, 70, fp); if (head[0] == '#') /* skip comments. */ continue; if (i == 0) i += sscanf(head, "%d %d %d", &w, &h, &d); else if (i == 1) i += sscanf(head, "%d %d", &h, &d); else if (i == 2) i += sscanf(head, "%d", &d); } /* grab all the image data in one fell swoop. */ image = (unsigned char*)malloc(sizeof(unsigned char)*w*h*3); fread(image, sizeof(unsigned char), w*h*3, fp); fclose(fp); *width = w; *height = h; return image; } #if 0 /* normals */ if (model->numnormals) { numvectors = model->numnormals; vectors = model->normals; copies = glmOptimizeVectors(vectors, &numvectors); printf("glmOptimize(): %d redundant normals.\n", model->numnormals - numvectors); for (i = 0; i < model->numtriangles; i++) { T(i).nindices[0] = (GLuint)vectors[3 * T(i).nindices[0] + 0]; T(i).nindices[1] = (GLuint)vectors[3 * T(i).nindices[1] + 0]; T(i).nindices[2] = (GLuint)vectors[3 * T(i).nindices[2] + 0]; } /* free space for old normals */ free(vectors); /* allocate space for the new normals */ model->numnormals = numvectors; model->normals = (GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat) * 3 * (model->numnormals + 1)); /* copy the optimized vertices into the actual vertex list */ for (i = 1; i <= model->numnormals; i++) { model->normals[3 * i + 0] = copies[3 * i + 0]; model->normals[3 * i + 1] = copies[3 * i + 1]; model->normals[3 * i + 2] = copies[3 * i + 2]; } free(copies); } /* texcoords */ if (model->numtexcoords) { numvectors = model->numtexcoords; vectors = model->texcoords; copies = glmOptimizeVectors(vectors, &numvectors); printf("glmOptimize(): %d redundant texcoords.\n", model->numtexcoords - numvectors); for (i = 0; i < model->numtriangles; i++) { for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) { T(i).tindices[j] = (GLuint)vectors[3 * T(i).tindices[j] + 0]; } } /* free space for old texcoords */ free(vectors); /* allocate space for the new texcoords */ model->numtexcoords = numvectors; model->texcoords = (GLfloat*)malloc(sizeof(GLfloat) * 2 * (model->numtexcoords + 1)); /* copy the optimized vertices into the actual vertex list */ for (i = 1; i <= model->numtexcoords; i++) { model->texcoords[2 * i + 0] = copies[2 * i + 0]; model->texcoords[2 * i + 1] = copies[2 * i + 1]; } free(copies); } #endif #if 0 /* look for unused vertices */ /* look for unused normals */ /* look for unused texcoords */ for (i = 1; i <= model->numvertices; i++) { for (j = 0; j < model->numtriangles; i++) { if (T(j).vindices[0] == i || T(j).vindices[1] == i || T(j).vindices[1] == i) break; } } #endif
Code:/* glm.h Nate Robins, 1997, 2000 [email protected], http://www.pobox.com/~nate Wavefront OBJ model file format reader/writer/manipulator. Includes routines for generating smooth normals with preservation of edges, welding redundant vertices & texture coordinate generation (spheremap and planar projections) + more. */ #if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(MACOSX) #include <GLUT/glut.h> #else #include <GL/glut.h> #endif #ifndef M_PI #define M_PI 3.14159265f #endif #define GLM_NONE (0) /* render with only vertices */ #define GLM_FLAT (1 << 0) /* render with facet normals */ #define GLM_SMOOTH (1 << 1) /* render with vertex normals */ #define GLM_TEXTURE (1 << 2) /* render with texture coords */ #define GLM_COLOR (1 << 3) /* render with colors */ #define GLM_MATERIAL (1 << 4) /* render with materials */ /* GLMmaterial: Structure that defines a material in a model. */ typedef struct _GLMmaterial { char* name; /* name of material */ GLfloat diffuse[4]; /* diffuse component */ GLfloat ambient[4]; /* ambient component */ GLfloat specular[4]; /* specular component */ GLfloat emmissive[4]; /* emmissive component */ GLfloat shininess; /* specular exponent */ } GLMmaterial; /* GLMtriangle: Structure that defines a triangle in a model. */ typedef struct _GLMtriangle { GLuint vindices[3]; /* array of triangle vertex indices */ GLuint nindices[3]; /* array of triangle normal indices */ GLuint tindices[3]; /* array of triangle texcoord indices*/ GLuint findex; /* index of triangle facet normal */ } GLMtriangle; /* GLMgroup: Structure that defines a group in a model. */ typedef struct _GLMgroup { char* name; /* name of this group */ GLuint numtriangles; /* number of triangles in this group */ GLuint* triangles; /* array of triangle indices */ GLuint material; /* index to material for group */ struct _GLMgroup* next; /* pointer to next group in model */ } GLMgroup; /* GLMmodel: Structure that defines a model. */ typedef struct _GLMmodel { char* pathname; /* path to this model */ char* mtllibname; /* name of the material library */ GLuint numvertices; /* number of vertices in model */ GLfloat* vertices; /* array of vertices */ GLuint numnormals; /* number of normals in model */ GLfloat* normals; /* array of normals */ GLuint numtexcoords; /* number of texcoords in model */ GLfloat* texcoords; /* array of texture coordinates */ GLuint numfacetnorms; /* number of facetnorms in model */ GLfloat* facetnorms; /* array of facetnorms */ GLuint numtriangles; /* number of triangles in model */ GLMtriangle* triangles; /* array of triangles */ GLuint nummaterials; /* number of materials in model */ GLMmaterial* materials; /* array of materials */ GLuint numgroups; /* number of groups in model */ GLMgroup* groups; /* linked list of groups */ GLfloat position[3]; /* position of the model */ } GLMmodel; /* glmUnitize: "unitize" a model by translating it to the origin and * scaling it to fit in a unit cube around the origin. Returns the * scalefactor used. * * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLfloat glmUnitize(GLMmodel* model); /* glmDimensions: Calculates the dimensions (width, height, depth) of * a model. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * dimensions - array of 3 GLfloats (GLfloat dimensions[3]) */ GLvoid glmDimensions(GLMmodel* model, GLfloat* dimensions); /* glmScale: Scales a model by a given amount. * * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure * scale - scalefactor (0.5 = half as large, 2.0 = twice as large) */ GLvoid glmScale(GLMmodel* model, GLfloat scale); /* glmReverseWinding: Reverse the polygon winding for all polygons in * this model. Default winding is counter-clockwise. Also changes * the direction of the normals. * * model - properly initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLvoid glmReverseWinding(GLMmodel* model); /* glmFacetNormals: Generates facet normals for a model (by taking the * cross product of the two vectors derived from the sides of each * triangle). Assumes a counter-clockwise winding. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLvoid glmFacetNormals(GLMmodel* model); /* glmVertexNormals: Generates smooth vertex normals for a model. * First builds a list of all the triangles each vertex is in. Then * loops through each vertex in the the list averaging all the facet * normals of the triangles each vertex is in. Finally, sets the * normal index in the triangle for the vertex to the generated smooth * normal. If the dot product of a facet normal and the facet normal * associated with the first triangle in the list of triangles the * current vertex is in is greater than the cosine of the angle * parameter to the function, that facet normal is not added into the * average normal calculation and the corresponding vertex is given * the facet normal. This tends to preserve hard edges. The angle to * use depends on the model, but 90 degrees is usually a good start. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * angle - maximum angle (in degrees) to smooth across */ GLvoid glmVertexNormals(GLMmodel* model, GLfloat angle); /* glmLinearTexture: Generates texture coordinates according to a * linear projection of the texture map. It generates these by * linearly mapping the vertices onto a square. * * model - pointer to initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLvoid glmLinearTexture(GLMmodel* model); /* glmSpheremapTexture: Generates texture coordinates according to a * spherical projection of the texture map. Sometimes referred to as * spheremap, or reflection map texture coordinates. It generates * these by using the normal to calculate where that vertex would map * onto a sphere. Since it is impossible to map something flat * perfectly onto something spherical, there is distortion at the * poles. This particular implementation causes the poles along the X * axis to be distorted. * * model - pointer to initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLvoid glmSpheremapTexture(GLMmodel* model); /* glmDelete: Deletes a GLMmodel structure. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure */ GLvoid glmDelete(GLMmodel* model); /* glmReadOBJ: Reads a model description from a Wavefront .OBJ file. * Returns a pointer to the created object which should be free'd with * glmDelete(). * * filename - name of the file containing the Wavefront .OBJ format data. */ GLMmodel* glmReadOBJ(char* filename); /* glmWriteOBJ: Writes a model description in Wavefront .OBJ format to * a file. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * filename - name of the file to write the Wavefront .OBJ format data to * mode - a bitwise or of values describing what is written to the file * GLM_NONE - write only vertices * GLM_FLAT - write facet normals * GLM_SMOOTH - write vertex normals * GLM_TEXTURE - write texture coords * GLM_FLAT and GLM_SMOOTH should not both be specified. */ GLvoid glmWriteOBJ(GLMmodel* model, char* filename, GLuint mode); /* glmDraw: Renders the model to the current OpenGL context using the * mode specified. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * mode - a bitwise OR of values describing what is to be rendered. * GLM_NONE - render with only vertices * GLM_FLAT - render with facet normals * GLM_SMOOTH - render with vertex normals * GLM_TEXTURE - render with texture coords * GLM_FLAT and GLM_SMOOTH should not both be specified. */ GLvoid glmDraw(GLMmodel* model, GLuint mode); /* glmList: Generates and returns a display list for the model using * the mode specified. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * mode - a bitwise OR of values describing what is to be rendered. * GLM_NONE - render with only vertices * GLM_FLAT - render with facet normals * GLM_SMOOTH - render with vertex normals * GLM_TEXTURE - render with texture coords * GLM_FLAT and GLM_SMOOTH should not both be specified. */ GLuint glmList(GLMmodel* model, GLuint mode); /* glmWeld: eliminate (weld) vectors that are within an epsilon of * each other. * * model - initialized GLMmodel structure * epsilon - maximum difference between vertices * ( 0.00001 is a good start for a unitized model) * */ GLvoid glmWeld(GLMmodel* model, GLfloat epsilon); /* glmReadPPM: read a PPM raw (type P6) file. The PPM file has a header * that should look something like: * * P6 * # comment * width height max_value * rgbrgbrgb... * * where "P6" is the magic cookie which identifies the file type and * should be the only characters on the first line followed by a * carriage return. Any line starting with a # mark will be treated * as a comment and discarded. After the magic cookie, three integer * values are expected: width, height of the image and the maximum * value for a pixel (max_value must be < 256 for PPM raw files). The * data section consists of width*height rgb triplets (one byte each) * in binary format (i.e., such as that written with fwrite() or * equivalent). * * The rgb data is returned as an array of unsigned chars (packed * rgb). The malloc()'d memory should be free()'d by the caller. If * an error occurs, an error message is sent to stderr and NULL is * returned. * * filename - name of the .ppm file. * width - will contain the width of the image on return. * height - will contain the height of the image on return. * */ GLubyte* glmReadPPM(char* filename, int* width, int* height);
Originally Posted by Adak
