Next character in a string?

New to C ++ programming have a course in it this semester... I am curious and I don't see it in my text, if there is a way to read the next character in a string?

Suppose the user enters a string of "tree" I need to capture each letter individually and then pass that value off to another part of the program.

The problem I am working on is to take an user input string and then have it spelled out military style

So if the user input the word "tree" I need to come back with tango romeo echo echo as my output... and I am trying to do that by breaking the string into single characters and passing their value to a switch, but as my post indicates I'm stuck! LOL

Any help is greatly appreciated!

Loop through the string and use either .at() or [] to access the specific characters.

Is that to say find the length () and then just use a loop to increment until the end of the string is reached? Again I'm a beginner so I am having to look through my text book for something I think could do that... I'm currently on the idea of using a loop to increment a substr function...
for "tree" length would be 4 so I'm thinking mystring.substr (0,1) loop and then do mystring.substr(1,1) am I on the right track there?

Look at the std::references. string - C++ Reference

length() is provided for you. There isn't much work for you to do.

Do you need to store the individual letters or just output their translation?
If just output it's straightforward.

Code:

string text = "tree"; //get it from user doesn't matter.

for(int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++){
         switch(text[i]) { 
                case 'a': 
                case 't': 
                 ...
         }
}

Hmm in your code wouldn't "i" be an number value and not a string or char? so it would never pass a "t" to case 't' for output would it?

I was thinking
string ch; //hold the single characters
string word; //hold the user input string
int length; //hold the length of the users string

cin>>word;
length=word.length(); //find the length
ch=word.substr (0,1); // create a loop here to increment until lenght of the string is met

switch (toupper(word[0])) //convert it to upper case so I only have to use capitals in the switch
{
case 'A' : cout <<"Alpha ";
case 'B' : cout <<"Bravo ";
etc...

I really don't know if I am on the right track given my little C++ knowledge

Approach the problem first as just a problem. Not as a C++ assignment and your limited amount of coding won't matter.

Why do you need substrings for each character? Look at what I posted again above.

If std::string text = "tree";

What does text[i] refer to.... What is text[0]...

text[0] = 't';
text[1] = 'r';
text[2] = 'e';
text[3] = 'e';

The [] operator returns a char not an integer.

So if i == 0 the
switch(text[i]) would be switch(text[0]) which is a character, in this
case it is the character 't'

Ah ok... I did not know that... I was only familiar with substr being that it's in the chapter on strings in my textbook. So I was trying to figure out how to use it to get the next character in the user input string. I'll give this a whirl and see if I can get it to work! Thanks for the tips!

Np.

Substring is useful when you want to store a string of characters from a larger string. You, however, only need a single character which you can access using [] or .at(). You can store the individual characters if you need to but since your only ouputting, I don't see why you would have too.

Some different ways to loop through a string and do stuff char by char:

Using iterators:

Code:

std::string foo("tree");
for( std::string::const_iterator cit = foo.begin(); cit != foo.end(); ++cit )
{
    std::cout << *cit << std::endl;
}

Using []:

Code:

std::string foo("tree");
std::string::size_type len = foo.length();
for( std::string::size_type cur = 0; cur < len; ++cur )
{
    std::cout << foo[cur] << std::endl;
}

Using .at():

Code:

std::string foo("tree");
std::string::size_type len = foo.length();
for( std::string::size_type cur = 0; cur < len; ++cur )
{
    std::cout << foo.at(cur) << std::endl;
}

All these should output the letters one at a time on separate lines:

Code:

t
r
e
e